Out flow resistance switching ventilator and its core methods

• US 20080011301A1
• Filed: 07/12/2006
• Published: 01/17/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2006
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Yuancheng Qian
• Original Assignee: Yuancheng Qian
• Inventors: Qian, Yuancheng
• Application Number:
  US11/484,313
• Publication Number:
  US 20080011301A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0051 with alarm devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/20 Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/202 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 in the inspiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0042 in the expiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/581 by audible feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/583 by visual feedback

Abstract

An out flow resistance switching ventilator and its methodology for providing mechanical ventilation support to the respiratory failure patient are claimed. Based on the continuous out flow impounding ventilation mechanism, the apparatus provides ventilation by switching flow resistance between two different levels at a continuous gas flow system outlet valve controlled by patient'"'"'s spontaneous breathing or preset mandatory parameters, resulting in airway pressure levels switching, and therefore creating lung volume switching, which is totally different from either volume ventilation or pressure ventilation mechanism utilized in the current conventional ventilators.

Claims

1. An out flow resistance switching ventilator to provide ventilation and oxygenation support for the respiratory failure patients totally based on the method of out flow resistance switching at two different levels comprising the steps of:

supplying a continuous gas flow into unit circuit at a fixed high rate;

utilizing a dual solenoids electromagnetic outlet valve setting at the end of from patient limb of unit circuit to create and switch the flow resistance at two different levels, therefore two different levels of positive pressure in system including airway and lung created and switched, and resulting in the switching of two different levels of lung volume, i.e. resulting in ventilation;

through two ventilation modes designed, allowing patient'"'"'s spontaneous breathing to guide the switching of gas flow resistance to provide patient the maximum space to lead ventilator'"'"'s work, or if necessary, allowing the preset mandatory timing cycle to control the switching of gas flow resistance to guarantee patient the minimum ventilation level;

initiating the rescue ventilation automatically once no gas movement detected in airway for a preset apnea alarm period to guarantee patient'"'"'s ventilation safety, as a requisite function of a life saving device.

2. The method and system of dual solenoids electromagnetic outlet valve to create and control the system pressure comprising the steps of:

setting at the end of the from patient limb of unit circuit to impound systemic gas flow and to create positive pressure in whole system including airway and lung as set forth in claim 1;

as an electromagnetic threshold resistor, the magnetic field generated as electric current passing through the solenoids of said valve, pushing the valve'"'"'s actuating shaft and disk against the outward continuous flow passing the valve outlet, creating positive pressure in the system including airway and lung;

the field force intensity and created system pressure determined by the strength of electric current;

dual solenoids designed to create two pressure levels separately;

one solenoid always carrying with a non-intermittent current to generate the field force responsible for the base level of system pressure;

the other solenoid with the intermittent current assigned to generate the field force responsible for ventilation pressure;

force generated as said intermittent current switched on by patient'"'"'s spontaneous effort or mandatory timing, creating the ventilation pressure in system, added over the base level of system pressure;

while said intermittent current ceases, only the force generated on the solenoid with non-intermittent current works on the disk, the system pressure then goes back to the base level;

both base system pressure and ventilation pressure adjusted by setting of the strength of the electric currents.

3. The method of spontaneous ventilation (SV) consists of the steps of:

referred to as SV mode, patient'"'"'s spontaneous breathing allowed to guide the switching of the intermittent current status on the solenoid responsible for ventilation pressure, resulting in the system including airway and lung pressure switching between the lower level or base pressure, or deflation pressure, and the higher level, or inflation pressure, which equals base pressure plus ventilation pressure;

as the control part of SV mode, three jobs conducted by the flow processing chip;

to determine patient'"'"'s breathing status according to the signals transmitted from the flow sensors, to control the intermittent current status on the solenoid responsible for ventilation pressure, and to send the signal to timing processing chip to start a preset mandatory period timing counting and the signal to the apnea ventilation chip to start a preset apnea alarm period timing counting;

two gas flow sensors setting at the to patient limb and the from patient limb separately used to measure flow rates in each said limbs;

flow signals from said two different sensors transmitted into the flow processing chip for identifying the status of each cycle of patient spontaneous breathing;

as the gas flow starts to enter airway due to spontaneous inspiratory effort, the flow difference between larger flow in the to patient limb and smaller flow in the from patient limb identified as the beginning point of a cycle by the flow processing chip, the signal then delivered by the flow processing chip to switch on the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure, as set forth in claim 2, the ventilation pressure is therefore created, resulting in lung volume increasing and the inflation;

at the end of inflation, since no gas flow moving into the airway any more, the equal flow rates in the to patient limb and the from patient limb determined by the flow processing chip, the current in solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure then ceased by the flow processing chip, and the ventilation pressure no longer created on the outlet valve, as set forth in claim 2, the system including airway and lung pressure back to the base level, resulting in the lung volume decreasing and the deflation.

4. The method of patient spontaneous assist—

preset timing mandatory (SMV) mode for switching of system including airway and lung pressures comprising the steps of;

to initiate and cycle mandatory ventilation by the preset timing parameters to guarantee patient'"'"'s minimum ventilation rate once a preset mandatory ventilation period elapsed;

meanwhile still to allow patient spontaneous breathing guide ventilation as long as its inspiratory effort occurs after the end of deflation, therefore referred to as SMV mode in this machine;

in SMV mode, ventilation, i.e. the switching of the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure, controlled by both the timing processing chip and the flow processing chip;

as the primary controller of SMV, two major features conducted by the timing processing chip;

to start timing counting for a preset mandatory ventilation period at an initiating point of a cycle of mandatory ventilation or an initiating point of cycle of spontaneous ventilation, marked by the initiating of intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for ventilation pressure;

to initiate a cycle of switching of intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for ventilation pressure by the preset rate and interval, i.e. to provide a cycle of mandatory ventilation if a said preset mandatory ventilation period elapses;

in SMV mode, patient'"'"'s spontaneous breathing allowed all the time;

but by the rule of the flow processing chip, only when flow in the from patient limb is equal to flow in the to patient limb, a spontaneous inspiratory effort allowed to switch on the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure, i.e. only when the expiration or deflation ends, a cycle of spontaneous ventilation allowed to be initiated, as set forth in the claim;

any spontaneous inspiratory effort before the end of deflation not allowed to initiate the ventilation because it does not meet the chip'"'"'s rule to switch on the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation, but gas flow still allowed to be inhaled into airway freely;

if no spontaneous breath effort determined as a preset mandatory ventilation period elapsed, the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure switched on and off by preset rate and interval, i.e. a cycle of mandatory ventilation initiated and cycled conducted by the timing processing chip;

time counting for a preset mandatory ventilation period repeated from every moment as the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation switching on, either spontaneous ventilation or mandatory ventilation goes on by the rules described above.

5. The method of the apnea ventilation comprising the steps of:

providing the properly preset rescue ventilation (AV) to the patient once lacking of spontaneous breathing or not being ventilated in the preset apnea alarm period, to meet an essential requirement for a ventilator as a life support device;

as a unique design in this machine, ventilation support is not to be started until all apnea ventilation parameters including apnea alarm set up and confirmed;

as the controller of AV mode, two features conducted by the apnea ventilation processing chip;

to start a preset apnea alarm period time counting as receiving a signal indicating the initiating point of intermittent current in the solenoid either from the flow processing chip or from the timing processing chip, i.e. to start counting a preset apnea alarm period after a cycle of spontaneous ventilation or a cycle of the mandatory ventilation initiated;

once no signal received by the end of a preset apnea period, to initiate the apnea alarm and a cycle of starting and stopping the intermittent current in the solenoid responsible for the ventilation pressure by preset apnea ventilation rate and the interval, i.e. to provide a cycle of rescue ventilation;

the apnea ventilation processing chip working all the time either SV or SMV selected.

6. The method of target volume function comprising the steps of:

utilizing computer technique to provide the function for a direct way to achieve a selected ventilation volume by calculating and adjusting the ventilation pressure, conducted by the target volume processing chip;

as a ventilation pressure controller, two features conducted by the target volume processing chip;

to calculate the ventilation pressure needed to achieve the target volume according to the previous ventilation data feeded back from the system data monitoring chip;

to send signal to adjust the amount of current in the solenoid responsible for ventilation pressure to get said calculated pressure;

the formula used to calculate the ventilation pressure (VP) needed to achieve the target volume based on the ventilation pressure applied and the volume actually achieved;

VP needed/target volume=VP applied/volume achieved;

as the initial ventilation, after target volume function and target volume selected and confirmed, a 10 cmH2O of test ventilation pressure applied to inflate the lung by the target volume processing chip, and the corresponding inflated volume measured by monitoring system and feeded back to the said chip, then the VP needed to achieve the set target volume calculated by the said chip by applying data received into the formula;

VP needed=10 cmH2O×

target volume/volume measured;

said value of VP needed set by the target volume processing chip to inflate the lung for second cycle of ventilation to try to achieve the target volume, the ventilation data feedback and value calculation for VP needed conducted again in the same way as after the initial ventilation;

ventilating and modifying repeatedly to keep or adjust ventilation volume at the level very close to the target value.