Anesthesia monitor, capacitance nanosensors and dynamic sensor sampling method
First Claim
1. A sensor for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising:
- a substrate; and
a capacitance circuit disposed adjacent the substrate, the circuit including at least a first capacitive element configured to interact with a sample, wherein the circuit is configured to respond to the presence of an analyte of interest by a measurable change in an electrical property.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Embodiments of nanoelectronic sensors are described, including sensors for detecting analytes such as anesthesia gases, CO2 and the like in human breath. An integrated monitor system and disposable sensor unit is described which permits a number of different anesthetic agents to be identified and monitored, as well as concurrent monitoring of other breath species, such as CO2. The sensor unit may be configured to be compact, light weight, and inexpensive. Wireless embodiments provide such enhancements as remote monitoring. A simulator system for modeling the contents and conditions of human inhalation and exhalation with a selected mixture of a treatment agent is also described, particularly suited to the testing of sensors to be used in airway sampling.
93 Citations
44 Claims
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1. A sensor for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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a substrate; and
a capacitance circuit disposed adjacent the substrate, the circuit including at least a first capacitive element configured to interact with a sample, wherein the circuit is configured to respond to the presence of an analyte of interest by a measurable change in an electrical property. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 22)
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16. A sensor for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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a substrate; and
a circuit structure including;
a first electrically active element; and
at least a second electrically active element spaced apart from the first electrically active element and configured to influence at least one electrical property of the first electrically active element, and a processor configured to measure the at least one electrical property upon exposure of the sensor to the sample, and configured to determine a change in the at least one electrical property in response to the analyte;
wherein one or both of the first and second electrically active elements comprises a conductive nanostructured material. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23)
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24. A sensor, comprising:
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a substrate;
a spaced-apart pair including a first conductive lead and a second conductive lead disposed adjacent the substrate;
a dielectric material covering at least a region of at least one conductive lead; and
one or more nanostructures disposed adjacent the dielectric material and capacitively coupled to at least one conductive lead. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A sensor, comprising:
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a substrate having an active region;
first and second conductive leads disposed adjacent the substrate and space apart from the active region;
a dielectric material disposed adjacent at least the active region; and
first and second nanostructure layers in electrical communication with the first and second conductive leads respectively;
the nanostructure layers each including one or more nanostructures;
the nanostructure layers arranged adjacent the active region and configured so as to be capacitively coupled and separated with respect to each other by the dielectric material. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33)
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34. A molecular sensor comprising:
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a) a nanotube device comprising at least one carbon nanotube, wherein a first end of said nanotube is electrical coupled to a first conducting element without direct contact, and a second end of said nanotube is electrical coupled to a second conducting element; and
b) a coating of one or more sensing agents deposited on said nanotube;
wherein said sensing agents are so chosen such that the agents-coated nanotube responds to a particular molecular species. - View Dependent Claims (35)
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36. A nanotube device comprising:
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a nanotube film comprising a plurality of nanotubes and having a first end and a second end; and
first and second electrodes respectively disposed on said first end and said second end of said nanotube film, wherein the nanotube film is adapted to pass current between the first and second electrodes without direct contact with at least one of the first and second electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38)
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39. A method for controlling the operation of a sensor in monitoring an analyte in a sample environment, comprising the steps of:
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(a) selectively exposing at least a portion of a sensor to the environment so that the sensor portion is exposed only intermittently; and
(b) dynamically sampling a response signal output from the sensor so as to determine the presence or concentration of the analyte of by analysis of the dynamically sampled signal. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43, 44)
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Specification