Nano-Ionic Liquids and Methods of Use
First Claim
1. An ionic liquid solution whereby the solution operates within thermal energy conversion devices including devices selected from the group consisting of thermionics emission cell, thermovoltaic cell, electricity generator, compressor, and heat pump.
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Abstract
A high efficiency thermal energy conversion working fluid based in large part on hybrid ionic liquid solutions and its application within thermal energy conversion devices is disclosed. Using the preferred ionic liquid and carbon dioxide gas with partially miscible absorber fluids, including the preferred ionic liquids as the working fluid in the system. The thermal conversion device transforms thermal energy, including low quality, into heating, cooling, mechanical energy, or electricity. Strategic use of heat exchangers, preferably microchannel heat exchangers comprised of nanoscale powders can further increase the efficiency and performance of the system.
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Citations
23 Claims
- 1. An ionic liquid solution whereby the solution operates within thermal energy conversion devices including devices selected from the group consisting of thermionics emission cell, thermovoltaic cell, electricity generator, compressor, and heat pump.
- 9. An ionic liquid and at least one absorbed gas selected from the group consisting of a transcritical or supercritical gas in solution whereby the subsequently desorbed gas is utilized within a thermodynamic cycle including cycles selected from the group consisting of Goswami, Uehara, Kalina, Rankine, Carnot, Joule-Brayton, Ericsson, and Stirling.
- 11. An ionic liquid solution comprised of an ionic liquid and at least one solution selected from the group consisting of heat transfer fluid further comprised of nanoscale particles, electrides, alkalides, nanoscale particle precursors whereby the ionic liquid is physically constrained within a size approximately between 0.1 nm and 1000 nm for subsequent chemical reduction or oxidation of nanoscale particles, surface modified nanoscale particles having an average particle size of from 0.1 nm to 100 nm, substantially spherical nanoscale particles having an average monodisperse particle size of from 0.1 nm to 100 nm.
Specification