Biometric Authentication Apparatus, Biometric Authentication System, IC Card and Biometric Authentication Method

• US 20080056544A1
• Filed: 05/23/2007
• Published: 03/06/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Hashimoto, Kazunori, Ito, Shigeyuki, Aikawa, Makoto, Takami, Yutaka, Hatanaka, Shoko
• Granted Patent: US 8,094,890 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 382/124
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/04 Payment circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/341 Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/4014 Identity check for transactions
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/40145 Biometric identity checks
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/10 Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/1008 Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system

Abstract

A biometric authentication apparatus for identifying a subject person by using biometric information of a user has memories and a processing unit for performing biometric authentication. The memories and store a remaining trial number whose value is reduced each time biometric authentication fails. The processing unit generates a lower limit value smaller than the remaining trial number at the start of biometric authentication, performs biometric authentication until the reduced remaining trial number becomes equal to or smaller than the lower limit value, and generate alarm data for issuing alarm to the user when the reduced trial number becomes equal to or smaller than the lower limit value.

Claims

1. A biometric authentication apparatus for identifying a subject person by using biometric information of a user, comprising:

a biometric information sensor for detecting biometric information;

a processing unit for executing biometric authentication; and

a memory for storing data,

wherein;

said memory stores a remaining trial number whose value is reduced each time biometric authentication performed by said processing unit fails; and

said processing unit generates a lower limit value smaller than a remaining trial number at the start of biometric authentication, executes biometric authentication until the reduced remaining trial number becomes equal to or smaller than said lower limit value, and generates alarm data for alarming said user when the reduced remaining trial number is equal to or smaller than said lower limit value.

2. The biometric authentication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

said memory stores first biometric information of said user, a biometric authentication threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a failure or a success of biometric authentication of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value, and a change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a change detection of said first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value; and

said processing unit acquires second biometric information of said user, compares said first biometric information and the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween, and if the calculated inconsistency degree is smaller than said biometric authentication threshold value and larger than said change detection threshold value, generates notice data for notifying said user of a change detection of said first biometric information.

3. The biometric authentication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

said memory stores a past history of biometric authentication of said user and a secular change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a secular change detection of first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value; and

said processing unit generates notice data for notifying said user of a secular change detection of the first biometric information, if a calculated inconsistency degree is larger than said secular change threshold value.

4. The biometric authentication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

biometric information to be calculated by said processing unit is information on a fingerprint or information on a finger vein.

5. A biometric authentication system comprising:

an IC card; and

a biometric authentication apparatus for identifying a subject person through biometric authentication using biometric information of a user, by communicating with said IC card,

wherein;

said IC card has a first communication unit for communicating with said biometric authentication apparatus, a first memory for storing data, and a first processing unit for performing biometric authentication, wherein said first memory stores a remaining trial number whose value is reduced each time biometric authentication by said first processing unit fails; and

said biometric authentication apparatus has a second communication unit for communicating with said biometric authentication apparatus and a second processing unit for performing biometric authentication, wherein said second processing unit generates a lower limit value smaller than a remaining trial number at the start of biometric authentication, executes biometric authentication until the reduced remaining trial number becomes equal to or smaller than said lower limit value, and generates alarm data for alarming said user when the reduced remaining trial number is equal to or smaller than said lower limit value.

6. The biometric authentication system according to claim 5, wherein:

said IC card has said first communication unit for communicating with said biometric authentication apparatus, said first memory for storing biometric information of said user, and said first processing unit for performing biometric authentication, wherein said first processing unit acquires externally second biometric information of said user, and compares said first biometric information with the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween; and

said biometric authentication apparatus has said second communication unit for communicating with said biometric authentication apparatus, a second memory for storing data, and said second processing unit for performing biometric authentication, wherein said second memory stores a change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a change detection of said first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value, said second processing unit acquires said inconsistency degree calculated by said IC card, compares the acquired inconsistency degree with said change detection threshold value, and if said inconsistency degree is smaller than said change detection threshold value, generates notice data for notifying said user of a change detection of said first biometric information.

7. An IC card for identifying a subject person through biometric authentication using biometric information of a user, comprising:

a communication unit for communicating with an external;

a memory for storing data regarding biometric authentication; and

a processing unit for performing biometric authentication,

wherein;

said memory stores first biometric information of said user, a biometric authentication threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a failure or a success of biometric authentication of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value, and a change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a change detection of said first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value; and

said processing unit acquires externally second biometric information of said user, compares said first biometric information and the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween, and if the calculated inconsistency degree is smaller than said biometric authentication threshold value and larger than said change detection threshold value, generates notice data for notifying said user of a change detection of said first biometric information.

8. An IC chip having a function of an IC card for identifying a subject person through biometric authentication using biometric information of a user, comprising:

a communication unit for communicating with an external;

a memory for storing data regarding biometric authentication; and

a processing unit for performing biometric authentication,

wherein;

said memory stores first biometric information of said user, a biometric authentication threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a failure or a success of biometric authentication of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value, and a change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a change detection of said first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value; and

said processing unit acquires externally second biometric information of said user, compares said first biometric information and the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween, and if the calculated inconsistency degree is smaller than said biometric authentication threshold value and larger than said change detection threshold value, generates notice data for notifying said user of a change detection of said first biometric information.

9. A biometric authentication method for performing biometric authentication by biometric information of a user by using an IC card and a biometric authentication apparatus for communicating with said IC card, wherein:

said IC card records a remaining trial number whose value is reduced each time biometric authentication fails; and

said processing unit generates a lower limit value smaller than a remaining trial number at the start of biometric authentication, executes biometric authentication until the reduced remaining trial number becomes equal to or smaller than said lower limit value, and generates alarm data for alarming said user when the reduced remaining trial number is equal to or smaller than said lower limit value.

10. The biometric authentication method according to claim 9, wherein:

said IC card records first biometric information of said user, acquires externally second biometric information of said user, and compares aid first biometric information with the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween; and

said biometric authentication apparatus records a change detection threshold value which is a reference value to be used when a presence or an absence of a change detection of said first biometric information of said user is judged by a magnitude of a value, acquires externally second biometric information of said user, compares said first biometric information and the acquired second biometric information, acquires said change detection threshold value calculated by said IC card, and if said inconsistency degree is larger than said change detection threshold value, detects a change in said first biometric information of said user.

11. The biometric authentication method according to claim 9, wherein:

said IC card records first biometric information of said user, a biometric authentication threshold value which is a reference value to be used for judgement of a success or a failure of biometric authentication, and a change detection threshold value which is a reference value for detection of a change in biometric information of said user, acquires externally second biometric information of said user, compares said first biometric information with the acquired second biometric information to calculate an inconsistency degree quantitatively representative of a difference therebetween, and if said inconsistency degree is smaller than said biometric authentication threshold value and larger than said change detection threshold value, detects a change in said first biometric information of said user.