System and method for utilizing shape analysis to assess fetal abnormality

• US 20080077014A1
• Filed: 07/17/2007
• Published: 03/27/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/29/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: David Krantz, Francesco Orlandi
• Original Assignee: David Krantz, Francesco Orlandi
• Inventors: Krantz, David, Orlandi, Francesco
• Granted Patent: US 7,780,600 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/443
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0866 involving foetal diagnosis; pre-natal or peri-natal diagnosis of the baby
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10132 Ultrasound image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/20101 Interactive definition of point of interest, landmark or seed
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30004 Biomedical image processing
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30024 Cell structures in vitro; Tissue sections in vitro
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30044 Fetus; Embryo
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/181 involving edge growing; involving edge linking
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/42 Global feature extraction by analysis of the whole pattern, e.g. using frequency domain transformations or autocorrelation
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/695 Preprocessing, e.g. image segmentation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/50 for simulation or modelling of medical disorders

Abstract

A method and system for utilizing shape analysis to assess fetal abnormality. According to one embodiment, coordinates of points identifying a shape in a fetal image are received, coefficients of one or more mathematical functions that describe the identified shape are determined, and the determined coefficients are utilized as markers to assess fetal abnormality.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for utilizing shape analysis to assess human fetal abnormality, comprising:

receiving coordinates of points identifying an anatomical shape in a human fetal image;

determining a plurality of coefficients of one or more mathematical functions that describe the identified anatomic shape; and

utilizing the determined plurality of coefficients as markers to assess human fetal abnormality.

2. A method of claim 1 wherein said determining step comprises determining a plurality of coefficients of a plurality of different mathematical functions.

3. A method of claim 1 wherein said determining step comprises determining at least four coefficients.

4. A method of claim 1 wherein said determining step comprises determining at least twelve coefficients.

5. A method of claim 1 wherein said determining step comprises determining a plurality of coefficients of at least three different mathematical functions.

6. A method of claim 1 wherein said determining step comprises determining at least one coefficient for each of a plurality of mathematical functions.

7. A method of claim 1 wherein the fetal abnormality is a chromosomal abnormality.

8. A method of claim 7 wherein the chromosomal abnormality is Down syndrome.

9. A method of claim 1 wherein the fetal abnormality is Spina Bifida.

10. A method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of coefficients are determined by a Fourier analysis.

11. A method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of coefficients are determined by a shape analysis method selected from the group consisting of elliptical Fourier analysis, polynomials, cubic splines, parametric polynomials, parametric cubic splines, bezier curves, Fourier analysis of equally spaced radii and dual axis Fourier analysis.

12. A method of claim 1 wherein the determined plurality of coefficients are utilized as markers to assess human fetal abnormality in the first trimester.

13. A method of claim 1 wherein utilizing the determined plurality of coefficients as markers comprises conducting a statistical analysis on the determined coefficients.

14. A method of claim 13 wherein the statistical analysis compares the determined coefficients with reference parameters derived from a statistical distribution of determined coefficients in the unaffected population and/or affected population.

15. A method of claim 14 wherein the conducted statistical analysis on the determined coefficients includes at least one of a means calculation, a standard deviation calculation and a correlation calculation.

16. A method of claim 14 wherein the conducted statistical analysis on the determined coefficients includes a principal component analysis.

17. A method of claim 1 comprising utilizing the determined coefficients as markers in combination with one or more additional markers to assess human fetal abnormality.

18. A method of claim 17 wherein the one or more additional markers includes at least one biochemical marker selected from the group consisting of free Beta hCG, PAPP-A, maternal blood alpha-fetoprotein, maternal blood hCG, maternal blood unconjugated estriol, maternal blood dimeric inhibin A, maternal urine total estriol, maternal urine beta core fragment, maternal urine hyperglycosylated hCG and maternal blood hyperglycosylated hCG.

19. A method of claim 17 wherein the one or more additional markers includes at least one ultrasound marker selected from the group consisting of nuchal translucency, Ductus Venosus, absent or hypoplastic nasal bone, nuchal edema, short femur, hyperechogenic bowel and echogenic foci in the heart.

20. A method of claim 1 further comprising:

adjusting the received coordinates to align the shape according to a particular axis before the coefficients are determined.

21. A method of claim 1 further comprising:

adjusting the received coordinates before the coefficients are determined by at least one of translating the coordinates, rotating the coordinates and scaling the coordinates.

22. A method of claim 21 wherein utilizing the determined coefficients as markers comprises conducting a statistical analysis on the determined coefficients.

23. A method of claim 22 wherein the statistical analysis compares the determined coefficients with reference parameters derived from a statistical distribution of determined coefficients in the unaffected population and/or affected population.

24. An apparatus for utilizing shape analysis to assess human fetal abnormality, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory storing instructions adapted to be executed by said processor to;

receive coordinates of points identifying an anatomical shape in a human fetal image;

determine a plurality of coefficients of one or more mathematical functions that describe the identified anatomic shape; and

utilize the determined coefficients as markers to assess human fetal abnormality.

25. An apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said memory storing instructions is adapted to determine a plurality of coefficients of a plurality of different mathematical functions.

26. An apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said memory storing instructions is adapted to determine at least four coefficients.

27. An apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said memory storing instructions is adapted to determine at least twelve coefficients.

28. An apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said memory storing instructions is adapted to determine a plurality of coefficients of at least three different mathematical functions.

29. An apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said memory storing instructions is adapted to determine at least one coefficient for each of a plurality of mathematical functions.

30. A system for utilizing shape analysis to assess human fetal abnormality, comprising:

a means for receiving coordinates of points identifying an anatomic shape in a human fetal image;

a means for determining a plurality of coefficients of one or more mathematical functions that describe the identified anatomic shape; and

a means for utilizing the determined coefficients as markers to assess human fetal abnormality.

31. A system according to claim 30 wherein said determining means comprises means for determining a plurality of coefficients of a plurality of different mathematical functions.

32. A system according to claim 30 wherein said determining means comprises means for determining at least four coefficients.

33. A system according to claim 30 wherein said determining means comprises means for determining at least twelve coefficients.

34. A system according to claim 30 wherein said determining means comprises means for determining a plurality of coefficients of at least three different mathematical functions.

35. A system according to claim 30 wherein said determining means comprises means for determining at least one coefficient for each of a plurality of mathematical functions.