ELECTROCHEMICAL CHIP WITH MINIATURIZED SENSOR ARRAY
First Claim
1. A handheld sensor device for measuring an ion concentration in a solution in an electrochemical cell that includes a counter electrode, a working electrode, and a reference electrode, the handheld sensor device comprising:
- a function generator configured to generate a waveform specified by an electrochemical technique; and
a potentiostat integrated with the function generator, the potentiostat comprising;
a control amplifier configured to provide a current through the counter electrode and the working electrode so as to maintain a predetermined voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode; and
a current amplifier configured to measure the current provided through the counter electrode and the working electrode.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A handheld sensor device is provided for measuring an ion concentration in a solution. The solution is in an electrochemical cell that includes a counter electrode, a working electrode, and a reference electrode. The sensor includes a control amplifier configured to provide a current through the counter electrode and the working electrode so as to maintain a predetermined voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode. The sensor also includes a current amplifier configured to measure the current provided through the counter electrode and the working electrode. In one embodiment, the sensor also includes a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) including a phase accumulator. The DDFS is configured to selectively generate a waveform specified by an electrochemical technique such as square wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential-pulse polarography, normal-pulse polarography, or other known electrochemical techniques. An example microelectrode array usable with the handheld sensor is also provided.
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Citations
38 Claims
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1. A handheld sensor device for measuring an ion concentration in a solution in an electrochemical cell that includes a counter electrode, a working electrode, and a reference electrode, the handheld sensor device comprising:
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a function generator configured to generate a waveform specified by an electrochemical technique; and
a potentiostat integrated with the function generator, the potentiostat comprising;
a control amplifier configured to provide a current through the counter electrode and the working electrode so as to maintain a predetermined voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode; and
a current amplifier configured to measure the current provided through the counter electrode and the working electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. An integrated electrochemical chip comprising:
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a microprocessor;
a function generator controlled by the microprocessor to selectively generate a waveform; and
a potentiostat configured to generate and measure a current in a solution. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A system comprising:
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processing means;
waveform generation means integrated with the processing means, the waveform generation means configured to generate a waveform specified by an electrochemical technique; and
sensor means for generating and measuring a current in a solution, the sensor means integrated with the waveform generation means and the processing means. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38)
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Specification