BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND DRIVING METHOD THEREOF

• US 20080090133A1
• Filed: 08/07/2007
• Published: 04/17/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/12/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung SDI Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Samsung SDI Company Limited
• Inventors: Seo, Se-Wook, Lim, Gye-Jong, Yun, Han-Seok
• Granted Patent: US 8,054,034 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/50
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0016 using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A battery management system and a driving method thereof to manage a battery including a plurality of cells. The battery management system includes a sensing unit, an MCU, and a cell balancing unit. The sensing unit measures cell voltages of the plurality of cells. The MCU detects cells requiring cell balancing according to the plurality of measured cell voltages and generates a plurality of cell voltage signals to control the cell balancing of the detected cells. The cell balancing unit balances the cells according to the plurality of cell voltage signals, and the number of the cell voltage signals is fewer than the number of cells. The cell balancing unit generates a plurality of cell balancing signals corresponding to each of the plurality of cell voltage signals, and at least one of the cell voltage signals balances at least two of cells in the battery.

Claims

1. A battery management system to manage a battery having a plurality of cells, comprising:

a sensing unit to measure a cell voltage of each cell of the plurality of cells;

a micro control unit (MCU) to detect cells that require cell balancing of the plurality of measured cell voltages, and to generate a plurality of cell voltage signals to control the cell balancing of the detected cells; and

a cell balancing unit to perform cell balancing operations to balance the detected cells according to the plurality of cell voltage signals,

wherein a number of the plurality of cell voltage signals is fewer than a number of the plurality of cells, the cell balancing unit generates a plurality of cell balancing signals corresponding to the plurality of cell voltage signals, and at least one of the plurality of cell voltage signals balances at least two cells of the plurality of cells.

2. The battery management system of claim 1,

wherein the MCU generates a plurality of controller selection signals corresponding to a cell voltage signal that balances at least two cells of the plurality of cells among the plurality of cell voltage signals transferred to the cell balancing unit, and

wherein the cell balancing unit receives the cell voltage signal in response to the plurality of controller selection signals.

3. The battery management system of claim 2, wherein the MCU generates the cell voltage signal corresponding to one of the at least two cells to balance the at least two cells, and generates the cell voltage signal corresponding to the other of the at least two cells after a time interval.

4. The battery management system of claim 3, wherein

the cell balancing unit generates a first cell balancing signal and a second cell balancing signal to control the cell balancing according to the cell voltage signal, and

transfers the first cell balancing signal and the second cell balancing signal to the at least two cells, respectively, in response to the plurality of controller selection signals.

5. The battery management system of claim 4, wherein the cell balancing unit generates the first cell balancing signal and the second cell balancing signal according to the plurality of controller selection signals by distinguishing the first and second cell balancing signals by as much as a time interval.

6. The battery management system of claim 5, wherein the cell balancing unit charges/discharges cells corresponding to the first cell balancing signal and the second balancing signal according to the first cell balancing signal or the second balancing signal.

17. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the cell balancing unit comprises:

a plurality of cell balancing controllers to receive the plurality of cell voltage signals from the MCU.

18. The battery management system of claim 17, wherein the MCU transmits the at least one of the plurality of cell voltage signals that balances at least two cells of the plurality of cells to at least two cell balancing controllers of the plurality of cell balancing controllers.

19. The battery management system of claim 18, wherein the at least two cell balancing controllers each generate a cell balancing signal to transmit to a corresponding cell of the plurality of cells.

20. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the MCU generates a cell balancing activation signal to control the cell balancing unit.

7. A battery management system for managing a plurality of cells, comprising:

a MCU (micro control unit) to generate a plurality of cell voltage signals, a plurality of controller selection signals, and at least one cell balancing activation signal to control a cell balancing operation to balance voltages of cells among the plurality of cells, and to transmit the generated cell voltage signals and control signals to a plurality of output ports;

a first cell balancing controller connected to the MCU to receive a first plurality of cell voltage signals according to one of the plurality of controller selection signals, and to generate a first plurality of cell balancing signals according to the first plurality of cell voltage signals;

a second cell balancing controller connected to the MCU to receive a second plurality of cell voltage signals according to another of the plurality of controller selection signals, and to generate a second plurality of cell balancing signals according to the second plurality of cell voltage signals; and

a cell balancing driver connected to the first cell balancing controller and the second cell balancing controller to receive the first and second pluralities of cell balancing signals, and to balance the voltages of the cells corresponding to the cell balancing signal,

wherein one of the first plurality of cell voltage signals and one of the second plurality of cell voltage signals are transmittable through one of the plurality of output ports of the MCU.

8. The battery management system of claim 7, wherein

when one cell voltage signal of the first plurality of cell voltage signals and one cell voltage signal of the second plurality cell voltage signals are transmitted through a same output port of the plurality of the output ports of the MCU,

the cell voltage signals transmitted from the same output port of the plurality of output ports are respectively transferred to the first cell balancing controller and the second cell balancing controller separated by a time interval according to the plurality of controller selection signals, and

the first and second cell balancing controllers respectively generate one of the first and one of the second pluralities of cell balancing signals according to the one of the first and the one of the second pluralities of cell voltage signals separated by the time interval and transfer the generated cell balancing signals to the cell balancing driver.

9. The battery management system of claim 8, wherein

the first cell balancing controller transmits the one of the first plurality of cell balancing signals from the same output port of the plurality of output ports of the MCU,

the second cell balancing controller transmits one of the second plurality of cell balancing signals from the same output port of the plurality of output ports of the MCU after the time interval.

10. The battery management system of claim 9, wherein the cell balancing driver comprises:

a plurality of switches each having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of one of the plurality of switches is connected to a positive terminal of one of the plurality of cells, the second end of the one of the plurality of switches is connected to a negative terminal of the one of the plurality of cells, and the plurality of switches are turned on by the first and second pluralities of cell balancing signals.

11. The battery management system of claim 10, further comprising:

a plurality of photodiodes to emit light in response to the first and second pluralities of cell balancing signals; and

a plurality of the first transistors photo-coupled to the plurality of photodiodes,

wherein one switch of the plurality of switches is turned on in response to a current flowing through one first transistor of the plurality of first transistors.

12. The battery management system of claim 11, wherein each switch of the plurality of switches comprises:

a second transistor including a first electrode and a second electrode corresponding to the both ends thereof, and a control electrode to receive a voltage corresponding to a current flowing through the first transistor;

a first resistor having a first end connected to the first electrode of the second transistor, and a second end connected to a first end of the one of the plurality of cells; and

a second resistor having a first end connected to the control electrode of the second transistor, and a second end connected to a second end of the cell.

13. A driving method of a battery management system for a battery comprising a plurality of cells comprising a first group of cells comprising at least two cells and a second group of cells comprising at least two cells, comprising:

detecting cells that require cell balancing from the first group and the second group of the plurality of cells;

determining whether a first cell that requires cell balancing from the first group shares an output port of a control unit with a second cell that requires cell balancing from the second group;

generating one cell voltage signal to control the cell balancing of the first cell and the second cell if the first cell shares the output port with the second cell;

generating a first cell voltage signal for the first cell and a second cell voltage signal for the second cell if the first cell does not share the output port with the second cell; and

balancing the first cell and the second cell according to the cell voltage signals.

14. The driving method of claim 13, wherein the detecting cells further comprises:

calculating an average voltage of a battery by summing voltages of each cell of the plurality of cells and dividing the sum of the voltages of each cell by the number of cells in the plurality of cells; and

detecting cells that have a voltage difference comprising a difference between the calculated average voltage and a voltage of each cell,

wherein the detected cells are detected when the voltage difference is larger than a predetermined set-point.

15. The driving method of claim 13, wherein the generating one cell voltage further comprises, generating the one cell voltage signal corresponding to the first cell, and generating again the one cell voltage signal corresponding to the second cell after a time interval.

16. The driving method of claim 13, wherein the balancing further comprises:

generating cell balancing signals for the first cell and the second cell separated by a time interval according to the cell voltage signals; and

performing a cell balancing operation of the first cell and the second cell according to the cell balancing signals.