Methods and apparatus for protecting against IP address assignments based on a false MAC address

• US 20080092228A1
• Filed: 12/10/2007
• Published: 04/17/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Verizon Patent and Licensing Incorporated (Verizon Communications Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Verizon Services Corporation (Verizon Communications Inc.)
• Inventors: Baum, Robert
• Granted Patent: US 7,844,814 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 726/13
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/622 Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/00 Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/54 Organization of routing tables
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/60 Router architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/742 Route cache; Operation thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/10 of different types
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/103 across network layers, e.g. resolution of network layer into physical layer addresses or address resolution protocol [ARP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4547 for personal communications, i.e. using a personal identifier
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4557 Directories for hybrid networks, e.g. including telephone numbers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5014 using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/1408 by monitoring network traffic monitoring network traffic per se H04L43/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/1466 Active attacks involving interception, injection, modification, spoofing of data unit addresses, e.g. hijacking, packet injection or TCP sequence number attacks

Abstract

Methods and apparatus detecting attempts to obtain IP addresses by faking a MAC address in a data portion of an IP address request message are described. In accordance with the present invention, rather than use standard address allocation protocols, e.g., ARP, the DNS DCHP contacts the requesting edge router via a private secure network. The MAC address received in the address request is compared to the MAC addresses stored in the edge routers port/MAC address resolution table. If the MAC address received in the request message cannot be found in the edge router'"'"'s table which was created from the MAC address included in the message'"'"'s header, a fraudulent attempt to obtain a MAC address is declared. The fraudulent attempt to obtain an IP address can be reported and steps taken to identify the perpetrator of the fraud.

Claims

1. A communication system comprising:

an edge router including;

a frame processing module configured to generate, in a forwarding table, a MAC address forwarding table entry from a MAC address included in a header of a frame received by said edge router;

a snooping module configured to monitor a communications session between a device on a network which uses MAC addresses with a server responsible for assigning IP addresses to detect assignment of an IP address corresponding to a MAC address provided in a data portion of a message from said device; and

an address resolution table management module configured to create an entry in an address resolution table associating an assigned IP address with said MAC address provided in the data portion of said message upon detecting assignment of an IP address corresponding to a MAC address provided in a data portion of said message.

2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein support for Address Resolution Protocol is disabled in said edge router.

3. The communication system of claim 2, wherein said edge router further includes:

a security module configured to discard IP packets corresponding to IP addresses for which a MAC address included in said address resolution table does not have a corresponding MAC address entry in said MAC address forwarding table.

4. The communications system of claim 3, wherein said edge router further comprises:

an address resolution table including IP address aging information obtained from monitoring information associated with said IP address assignment.

5. The communications system of claim 4, wherein said edge router snooping module is further configured to:

monitor for IP address release messages transmitted from said network to the server responsible for assigning IP addresses; and

wherein said address resolution table management module is further configured to delete, in response to detecting an IP address release message, an entry in said address forwarding table corresponding to an IP addresses included in said detected IP address release message.

6. The communications system of claim 5, wherein said edge router snooping module is further configured to compare a MAC address included in the data portion of an IP address assignment request message to a MAC address included in the header of said IP address assignment request message.

7. A communication system comprising:

an edge router wherein support for Address Resolution Protocol is disabled in said edge router, said edge router including;

a frame processing module configured to generate, in a forwarding table, a MAC address forwarding table entry from a MAC address included in a header of a frame received by said edge router;

a snooping module configured to monitor a communications session between a device on a network which uses MAC addresses with a server responsible for assigning IP addresses to detect assignment of an IP address corresponding to a MAC address provided in a data portion of a message from said device;

an address resolution table management module configured to create an entry in an address resolution table associating an assigned IP address with said MAC address provided in the data portion of said message upon detecting assignment of an IP address corresponding to a MAC address provided in a data portion of said message;

a security module configured to discard IP packets corresponding to IP addresses for which a MAC address included in said address resolution table does not have a corresponding MAC address entry in said MAC address forwarding table;

an address resolution table including IP address aging information obtained from monitoring information associated with said IP address assignment;

the snooping module further configured to monitor for IP address release messages transmitted from said network to the server responsible for assigning IP addresses;

the address resolution table management module further configured to delete, in response to detecting an IP address release message, an entry in said address forwarding table corresponding to an IP addresses included in said detected IP address release message;

the snooping module further configured to compare a MAC address included in the data portion of an IP address assignment request message to a MAC address included in the header of said IP address assignment request message; and

the security module further configured to generate a security alert signal in response to detecting a mismatch between the MAC address included in the data portion of said IP address assignment request message and said MAC address included in the header of said IP address assignment request message.

8. The communications system of claim 7, further comprising:

an information module configured to transmit MAC address information obtained by accessing a forwarding table included in said edge router to said server in response to a request for MAC address information corresponding to an IP address assignment request.

9. The communications system of claim 8, wherein said MAC address information indicates whether or not a MAC address included in said IP address assignment request is present in a layer 2 forwarding table included in said edge router.