Collision avoidance system and method of aiding rearward vehicular motion

• US 20080097700A1
• Filed: 10/19/2006
• Published: 04/24/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/19/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Grimm, Donald K.
• Granted Patent: US 7,797,108 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 701/301
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0075 Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2420/408 Radar; Laser, e.g. lidar
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/50 of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/65 Data transmitted between vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/165 for passive traffic, e.g. including static obstacles, trees
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/166 for active traffic, e.g. moving vehicles, pedestrians, bikes
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/168 Driving aids for parking, e.g. acoustic or visual feedback on parking space

Abstract

A collision avoidance system adapted for use with a rearward traveling host vehicle, and by an operator, in a preferred embodiment includes an object locator sub-system configured to determine at least one condition for a plurality of objects, wherein the objects include infrastructure, appurtenances, and remotely traveling equipped vehicles, and pedestrians, a intra-vehicle condition sensor, and a control unit configured to assess collision threats based on the object and host vehicle condition data, and alert the operator or autonomously cause a braking mechanism to be actuated, when a collision is determined.

Claims

1. A collision avoidance system adapted for use with a rearward traveling host vehicle and by an operator, said system comprising:

an object detection sub-system configured to detect at least one condition of each of a plurality of arrear objects, and generate an input signal, when the vehicle is traveling in a rearward direction, and an object is detected;

an intra-vehicle condition sensor configured to determine at least one condition of the host vehicle; and

at least one electronic control unit communicatively coupled to the sub-system and sensor, and configured to cause to be generated a warning, wherein the warning is perceivable by the operator, when said at least one condition of one of the plurality of arrear objects and at least one condition of the host vehicle cooperatively determine a potential collision therebetween.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle includes a gear shift mechanism manually shiftable between reverse and forward positions by the operator, and the system is actuated by shifting the mechanism to the reverse position.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1,

said sub-system including short and long range detection devices.

4. The system as claimed in claim 3,

said sub-system including a radar, lidar, infrared, or vision based device.

5. The system as claimed in claim 3,

said objects including remotely traveling vehicles, infrastructure, appurtenances, and pedestrians.

6. The system as claimed in claim 3,

said sensor and sub-system cooperatively including a host vehicle position coordinate locator, and a communication device,

said locator and communication device being cooperatively configured to retrieve a local map encompassing the current host vehicle position,

said map including representations of infrastructure and appurtenances within the map area,

said unit being further configured to detect, and cause the warning to be generated, when the host vehicle is within a minimum threshold distance from a representation.

7. A collision avoidance system adapted for use with a rearward traveling host vehicle and by an operator, said system comprising:

an object detection sub-system configured to detect at least one condition of each of a plurality of arrear objects, and generate an input signal, when the vehicle is traveling in a rearward direction, and an object is detected;

an intra-vehicle condition sensor configured to determine at least one condition of the host vehicle; and

at least one electronic control unit communicatively coupled to the sub-system and sensor, and configured to cause to be generated a warning, wherein the warning is perceivable by the operator, when said at least one condition of one of the plurality of arrear objects and at least one condition of the host vehicle cooperatively determine a potential collision,

said sensor and sub-system cooperatively including a host vehicle position coordinate locator, and communication device, wherein the locator and communication device are configured to receive position coordinate data from the objects, and transmit the data to the unit.

8. The system as claimed in claim 7,

said communication device being communicatively coupled to at least a portion of the objects and unit,

said unit being further configured to determine headings for the host vehicle, and said at least portion of the objects, compare the object heading (ho) to a heading range defined by the host vehicle heading (hhv), and determine an intersecting object when ho is within the range.

9. The system as claimed in claim 8,

said range being defined by heading greater than h_hv+30 degrees, and less than h_hv+150 degrees.

10. The system as claimed in claim 8,

said unit being further configured to determine a speed for each of said host vehicle and at least portion of the objects, determine a projected path for each of said vehicle and at least portion of the objects based on its speed and heading, determine a separate point of path intersection between the host vehicle and each of said objects within the range, compute a travel time to the point of intersection (TTI) for said host vehicle and object, wherein each TTI is based on the instant speed and the distance between the point of intersection and the current position of the vehicle or object.

11. The system as claimed in claim 10,

said unit being further configured to cause the generation of the warning when the difference between TTI'"'"'s for both the host vehicle and object are within a collision threat window.

12. The system as claimed in claim 10,

said unit being further configured to cause the generation of the warning, when the TTI for both the host vehicle and object are within a collision threat Gap.

13. The system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said Gap is adjustable according to operator preference, or in accordance with another vehicle condition.

14. The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least a portion of the objects periodically broadcast condition information, and said communication device is communicatively coupled to said at least portion of the objects and unit.

15. The system as claimed in claim 14, wherein said objects include equipped pedestrians having a coordinate position data transmitter, and said unit is further configured to generate the warning, when an equipped pedestrian is within a predetermined radius from the host vehicle.

16. The system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the radius is measured alternatively from the front or rear bumper of the host vehicle.

17. The system as claimed in claim 15,

said unit being further configured to generate a plurality of differing warnings, wherein each warning correlates to a region within the circle defined by the radius.

18. The system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said objects include remotely parked and traveling vehicles, and the broadcasted condition information includes the coordinate position data, range, heading, azimuth, size information, and gearshift position.

19. The system as claimed in claim 18,

said intra-vehicle sensor and unit being further configured to determine relative positioning between the host and remote vehicles, the host and remote vehicles gearshift positions, and a true range therebetween based in part on the size information thereof,

said unit being further configured to generate the warning, when the range between the host and remote vehicles becomes less than a predetermined warning threshold.

20. A method of preventing a rearward traveling host vehicle and object collision, said method including the steps of:

a. autonomously receiving or determining host vehicle data, including the current position, heading, speed and gearshift position of the host vehicle at a control unit;

b. autonomously receiving or determining condition information, including the current position coordinates, of a plurality of objects, at the control unit, wherein said objects include infrastructure, appurtenances, and vehicles and pedestrians equipped with position data transmitters, when the gearshift is in the reverse position;

c. autonomously assessing the threat of collision between the host vehicle and each of said objects based on the condition information and host vehicle data, at the control unit; and

d. autonomously causing, at the control unit, a host vehicle braking mechanism to actuate, when a threat of collision is determined.