Infrared radiation blocking laminate

• US 20080102282A1
• Filed: 05/03/2007
• Published: 05/01/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Pen Brands LLC (Nano Magic, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Pen Brands LLC (Nano Magic, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hu, Xiankui, Singh, Brij P.
• Granted Patent: US 7,550,193 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/412
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10018 comprising only one glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10339 Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted tinted glass sheet B32B17/1011; tinted interlayer B32B17/10651
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/208 for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24942 including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/256 Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31507 Of polycarbonate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31551 Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31855 Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31935 Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31938 Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Abstract

A laminate comprising metal oxide and a dye is effective for blocking at least 90% of infrared radiation at a wavelength of 1000 nm while providing transmission of at least 40% of visible light at a wavelength of 555 nm. The laminate includes a transparent substrate such as glass or plastic. The metal oxide can be applied as a coating to the substrate either separate or with the dye. The laminate can be used on generally any type of window such as automobiles, houses, or buildings to prevent transmission of infrared heat therethrough.

Claims

1. A laminate for blocking infrared radiation comprising:

a substrate comprising a transparent glass or a transparent polymer;

at least one infrared radiation blocking layer containing a metal oxide or a hexaboride compound, and at least one second infrared radiation blocking layer containing an organic or inorganic dye therein;

or

at least one infrared radiation blocking layer wherein both said metal oxide compound and said organic or inorganic dye are contained therein; and

wherein said laminate is capable of transmitting at least 40% of visible light incident thereupon having a wavelength of 555 nm, wherein said laminate is capable of blocking at least about 90% of infrared light incident thereon having a wavelength of about 1,000 nm, and wherein said laminate is capable of blocking at least about 90% of infrared radiation thereon having a wavelength of about 2,000 nm.

2. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 1, wherein said metal oxide is an oxide of indium, or antimony, or tin, or any combination thereof, and wherein said dye is a metal amminium dye, a metal dithiolene dye, a diphenylmethane, a triphenylmethane, a quinone dye, an azo type dye, a benzene dithiol type metal complex dye, a pyrylium type dye, a squalyrium type dye, a croconium type dye, an azulenium type dye, a dithiol metal complex dye, an indophenol type dye, or an azi type dye, or a combination thereof, and wherein said laminate is capable of transmitting at least 60% of visible light incident thereupon having a wavelength of 555 nm.

3. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 2, wherein said metal oxide is an indium tin oxide, or an antimony tin oxide;

wherein said hexaboride compound is represented by the formula XB₆, wherein X is Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sr, or Ca;

wherein said visible light transmission at a wavelength of about 550 nm is at least about 70%;

wherein said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 1,000 nm is at least about 95%, and wherein said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 2,000 nm is at least about 95%.

4. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 3, wherein the average diameter particle size of the indium tin oxide and said antimony tin oxide, independently, is from about 10 nm to about 90 nm;

wherein said dye is a metal amminium dye, or a metal dithiolene dye, or a benzene dithiol type metal complex dye; and

said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 2,000 nm is at least about 97%.

5. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 4, wherein said metal oxide is said indium tin oxide;

wherein said dye is a metal tris amminium dye or a metal tetrakis amminium dye; and

wherein said visible light transmitted through said laminate at about 555 nm is at least about 72%.

6. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 5, wherein said indium tin oxide has an average diameter particle size of from about 10 to about 30 nm, wherein said infrared radiation blocked at 1,000 nm is at least about 97%, and wherein said infrared radiation blocked at about 2,000 nm is at least about 98%.

7. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 3, wherein said polymer substrate transparent layer comprises a polyester, a cellulosic compound, a polycarbonate, a polyacrylate, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate-polyester copolymer, or a polypropylene, or combinations thereof.

8. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 6, wherein said polymer substrate is polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate.

9. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 1, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided by the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 12.

10. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 3, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided by the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 15.

11. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 5, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided by the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 30.

12. The laminate for blocking infrared radiation of claim 6, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided by the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 75.

13. A method of forming a laminate for blocking infrared radiation, comprising the steps of:

mixing at least one metal oxide or at least one hexaboride compound in a polymer coating;

mixing at least one dye in a separate polymer coating;

or

mixing said at least one metal oxide or said at least one hexaboride compound and said at least one dye in the same coating;

applying said one or more coatings to a transparent substrate; and

wherein said laminate is capable of transmitting at least 40% of visible light incident thereupon having a wavelength of 555 nm, wherein said laminate is capable of blocking at least about 90% of infrared light incident thereon having a wavelength of about 1,000 nm, and wherein said laminate is capable of blocking at least about 90% of infrared radiation thereon having a wavelength of about 2,000 nm.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said metal oxide is an oxide of indium, or antimony, or tin, or any combination thereof, and wherein said dye is a metal amminium dye, a metal dithiolene dye, a diphenylmethane, a triphenylmethane, a quinone dye, an azo type dye, a benzene dithiol type metal complex dye, a pyrylium type dye, a squalyrium type dye, a croconium type dye, an azulenium type dye, a dithiol metal complex dye, an indophenol type dye, or an azi type dye, or a combination thereof, and wherein said laminate is capable of transmitting at least 60% of visible light incident thereupon having a wavelength of 555 nm.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said metal oxide is an indium tin oxide, or an antimony tin oxide;

wherein said hexaboride compound is represented by the formula XB₆, wherein X is Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sr, or Ca;

wherein said visible light transmission at a wavelength of about 550 nm is at least about 70%;

wherein said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 1,000 nm is at least about 95%, wherein said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 2,000 nm is at least about 95%, wherein the average diameter particle size of the indium tin oxide and said antimony tin oxide, independently, is from about 10 nm to about 90 nm;

wherein said dye is a metal amminium dye, or a metal dithiolene dye, or a benzene dithiol type metal complex dye; and

said infrared radiation blocked at a wavelength of about 2,000 nm is at least about 97%.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein said metal oxide is said indium tin oxide;

wherein said dye is a metal tris amminium dye or a metal tetrakis amminium dye;

wherein said visible light transmitted through said laminate at about 555 nm is at least about 72%, wherein said indium tin oxide has an average diameter particle size of from about 10 to about 30 nm, wherein said infrared radiation blocked at 1,000 nm is at least about 97%, and wherein said infrared radiation blocked at about 2,000 nm is at least about 98%.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein said polymer substrate transparent layer comprises a polyester, a cellulosic compound, a polycarbonate, a polyacrylate, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate-polyester copolymer, or a polypropylene, or combinations thereof.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein said polymer substrate is polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate.

19. The method according to claim 13, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 12.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 30.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein said laminate has a light transmission ratio (transmission of visible light at 555 nm divided the transmission of infrared radiation at 1,000 nm) is at least about 50.

22. The method according to claim 13, wherein said first polymer coating layer and said second separate polymer coating layer, independently, or said combined layer, is applied by brushing, coating, roller coating, spraying, calendering, or by coating bars.

23. The method according to claim 15, wherein said first polymer coating layer and said second separate polymer coating layer, independently, or said combined layer, is applied by brushing, coating, roller coating, spraying, calendering, or by coating bars.

24. The method according to claim 18, wherein said first polymer coating layer and said second separate polymer coating layer, independently, or said combined layer, is applied by brushing, coating, roller coating, spraying, calendering, or by coating bars.

25. The method according to claim 20, wherein said first polymer coating layer and said second separate polymer coating layer, independently, or said combined layer, is applied by roller coating, calendering, or by coating bars.