Electronic Device and Method and Performing Logic Functions

• US 20080136455A1
• Filed: 01/22/2006
• Published: 06/12/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Novatrans Group SA
• Original Assignee: Novatrans Group SA
• Inventors: Diamant, Gilad, Halahmi, Erez, Naaman, Ron, Kronik, Leeor, Shvarts, Dmitry
• Granted Patent: US 7,545,179 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 326/111
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/545 using microengineered devices, e.g. field emission devices

Abstract

An electronic device is presented which is configured to operate as at least one logic gate. The device comprises an electrodes arrangement of one or more basic units, the basic unit being configured to define at least one vacuum space for free charged particles'"'"' propagation and comprising an input assembly for supplying an input signal, and a floating electrode assembly accommodated proximal said input assembly and serving for reading an output signal therefrom, the floating electrode arrangement being configured to define at least one source of the free charged particles and at least one target toward which the charged particles are directed and is chargeable and dischargeable in response to the input signal thereby creating the output of the basic unit.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising an electrodes arrangement of one or more basic units, the basic unit being configured to define at least one vacuum space for free charged particles'"'"' propagation and comprising an input assembly for supplying an input signal, and a floating electrode assembly accommodated proximal said input assembly and serving for reading an output signal therefrom, the floating electrode arrangement being configured to define at least one source of the free charged particles and at least one target toward which the charged particles are directed and is chargeable and dischargeable in response to the input signal thereby creating the output of the basic unit.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the basic unit comprises one or more additional electrodes maintained at a certain constant potential during the device operation.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein said one or more additional electrodes extend along said at least one cavity aside thereof.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the input assembly comprises one or more input electrodes, at least one of the input electrodes being an active electrode connectable to a power supply unit or grounded.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the input assembly comprises one or more input electrodes, at least one of the input electrodes being a floating electrode.

6. The device of claim 5, comprising at least first and second basic units configured such that at least one of the floating electrodes of the first unit serves as said at least one floating input electrode of the second basic unit.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein said at least one floating electrode of the first unit is the floating electrode from which the first unit output is read.

8. The device of claim 1, comprising the single basic unit, the device being operable as a logic element for implementing at least one logic function.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the floating electrode assembly of the basic unit comprises at least one electrically floating Cathode serving as said source of free electrons constituting the charged particles and said target for the electrons emitted thereby.

10. The device of claim 9, configured and operable as an inverter, charge being transported to or from said floating Cathode according to the input signal, such that when the input signal, corresponding to one of Boolean values, is high to cause the free electrons flow from the Cathode, the output voltage read from the Cathode is low corresponding to a different Boolean value, and vice versa.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the floating electrode assembly of the basic unit comprises a predetermined number of sets of floating electrodes, the floating electrode set comprising at least one electrically floating Cathode serving as said source of free electrons constituting the charged particles and at least one electrically floating Anode serving as said target, the Cathode and Anode of the same set of floating electrodes being at the same electric potential.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the Cathode and Anode of the same set of the floating electrodes are electrically connected to one another.

13. The device of claim 11, wherein the Cathode and Anode of the same set of the floating electrodes are constituted by spaced-apart regions of the same curved electrode.

14. The device of claim 11, wherein the floating electrode assembly of the basic unit comprises at least the first and second sets of electrically floating electrodes, configured and operable to implement the electrons movement and thus transfer of charge between said at least first and second sets depending on potential difference between the different floating electrode sets.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein the electrodes are arranged to define electrons movement paths from the at least one Cathode to the at least one Anode of the same set, and from the at least one Cathode of one set to the at least one Anode of the other set.

16. The device of claim 14, wherein the floating electrode assembly comprises at least first and second Cathodes, an array of at least two Anodes spaced from the Cathodes, the input electrode assembly comprising at least one Gate electrode.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the basic unit comprises one or more additional electrodes including at least two electrodes located in a spaced-apart relationship aside the at least one cavity defined by a space between the Cathodes and the Anodes.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein the additional electrodes are kept at a certain relatively low potential so as not to attract electrons from the Cathode.

19. The device of claim 17, wherein the additional electrodes are kept at a certain low or high potential so as to, respectively, not to attract and attract electrons from the Cathode.

20. The device of claim 18, configured and operable to provide, at the relatively high input voltage on the Gate electrode corresponding to one Boolean value, transfer of a negative charge from one set of the floating electrodes to the other resulting in the low output voltage read from the second set, and, at the relatively low input voltage on the Gate corresponding to a different Boolean value, a negative charge transfer back to the first set of floating electrodes resulting in the high output voltage read from the second set.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the first set of floating electrodes is formed by the first Cathode and the first and third Anode electrodes at the same potential V₁, and the second set of floating electrodes is formed by the second Cathode and the second Anode at the same potential V₂ different from V₁.

22. The device of claim 21, wherein the floating electrodes are arranged such as to define four possible paths for the electrons movement through the cavity, the first path corresponding to the electrons'"'"' transfer from the first floating electrode set to the second set of floating electrode while moving from the first Cathode to the second Anode, the second path corresponding to the electrons'"'"' transfer from the second set back to the first set while being transferred from the second Cathode to the third Anode, the third path corresponding to the electrons circulation within the first set while moving from the first Cathode to the first Anode, and the fourth path corresponding to the electrons circulation within the second set while moving from the second Cathode to the second Anode.

23. The device of claim 22, configured to selectively cause the electrons propagation along one or more of said four paths depending on the input at said at least one Gate, such that when the Gate voltage is relatively high, the negative charge is transferred from the first set to the second set of floating electrodes thus raising the potential of the first set relative to the second set, and when the Gate voltage is low, the negative charge is transferred back to the first set of floating electrodes.

24. The device of claim 23, wherein the second set of floating electrodes serves for reading the device output voltage therefrom.

25. The device of claim 23 wherein the basic unit comprises at least two additional floating Cathodes accommodated proximal to said first and second Cathodes and having a predetermined electric potential of a value preventing the electrons emitted by the additional Cathodes to reach the first and second Cathodes, said additional Cathodes serving as a selective source of electrons, and as a reference potential for the two sets of floating electrodes.

26. The device of claim 21, being adapted to operate as an inverter.

27. The device of claim 18, wherein the input assembly comprises two or more Gates accommodated in a spaced-apart electrically-insulated relationship along the cavity.

28. The device of claim 27, configured and operable as one- or multiple-operator NOR gate, depending on a number of said Gates.

29. The device of claim 27, configured and operable as an OR gate.

30. The device of claim 27, configured and operable as an AND gate.

31. The device of claim 15, wherein each of the first and second sets of floating electrodes comprises one Cathode and one Anode, the Cathode and Anode of each set being at the same potential different from that of the other set, the Anodes being accommodated in a spaced-apart relationship in a plane or planes between the Cathode planes, thereby defining two cavities of the electrons propagation from the first Cathode to the Anodes and from the second Cathode to said Anodes.

32. The device of claim 31, wherein the input assembly comprises two Gates accommodated, respectively, in between the first Cathode and the Anodes planes, and the second Cathode and the Anodes'"'"' planes.

33. The device of claim 15, wherein the floating electrode assembly comprises first and second Cathodes of the first and second sets, respectively, and five Anodes including three Anodes of the first set arranged in an alternating relationship with the two Anodes of the second set, and the input assembly comprises a Gate accommodated between the first and second Cathodes.

35. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the electrically floating source electrode is a Photocathode, the device being configured to expose said at least one Photocathode to illumination.

36. The device of claim 35, comprising an illumination source configured and operable to provide said illumination to the Photocathode.

37. The device of claim 1, comprising a control system configured and operable to receive and analyze the electrical output read from at least one of the floating electrodes.

38. The device of claim 37, wherein the control system is configured and operable to selectively read the electrical output from one of the floating electrodes.

39. The device of claim 37, wherein the control system is configured and operable to control illumination of the floating Photocathode being said source of the charged particles.

40. The device of claim 38, wherein the control system is configured and operable to control the input signal.

34. The device of claim 34, configured and operable as an XOR gate.

41. An electronic device configured and operable as logic NOT gate, the device comprising an electrode arrangement configured to define at least one vacuum space for free charged particles'"'"' propagation, the electrode arrangement comprising at least one control electrode for supplying input signals thereto, and a floating electrode assembly configured to define at least one source of the free charged particles and at least one target toward which the charged particles are directed and is chargeable and dischargeable in response to the input signal thereby creating the output of the basic unit, the device being operable by a transport of charge to or from the at least one floating electrode according to the input voltage applied to said at least one control electrode, such that when the input voltage is high corresponding to one of the Boolean values thus attracting the charged particles from the floating source, the output voltage read at the floating electrode assembly becomes low corresponding to the other Boolean value, and vice versa.

42. An electronic device configured and operable as at least one logic gate, the device comprising a basic unit configured to define at least one vacuum space for free charged particles'"'"' propagation and comprising an input assembly for supplying an input signal corresponding to a certain Boolean value, a floating electrode assembly accommodated proximal said input assembly and serving for reading an output signal therefrom, and at least one reference electrode maintained at a certain constant voltage during the device operation, the floating electrode arrangement being configured to define at least one source of the free charged particles and at least one target toward which the charged particles are directed and is chargeable and dischargeable in response to the input signal thereby creating the output of the basic unit.

43. An electronic device configured and operable as at least one logic gate, the device comprising a basic unit configured to define at least one vacuum space for free charged particles'"'"' propagation and comprising an input assembly for supplying an input signal corresponding to a certain Boolean value, a floating electrode assembly accommodated proximal said input assembly and serving for reading an output signal therefrom, and at least one reference electrode maintained at a certain constant voltage during the device operation, the floating electrode arrangement being configured to define at least two sets of floating electrodes, each floating set having a certain electric potential different from that of the other floating set and including at least one source of the free charged particles and at least one target toward which the charged particles are directed, the variation of the input signal causing transfer of charge between the electrodes of the same floating set and from one floating said to the other, resulting in selective charging and discharging of the floating set thereby creating the output of the basic unit.

44. A method for use in implementing various logic functions, the methods comprising controllably applying an input field to a floating electrode assembly to thereby affect free charged particles'"'"' propagation in vacuum from the floating source of charged particles to the floating target, and controlling the read out of an electric potential on a selective one of the floating electrodes, the selectively read output being indicative of the selected logic function.

45. A method for use in implementing various logic functions, the methods comprising:

providing an electrodes arrangement formed by an input electrode assembly and a floating electrode assembly defining at least one floating source of free charged particles propagating through vacuum and at least one floating target toward which the charged particles can propagate;

controlling an electrical input signal to at least one active electrode of the input electrode assembly thereby causing charging or discharging of the at least one floating electrode in response to the input signal; and

selectively reading a potential on at least one of the floating electrodes, the selectively read output being indicative of the selected logic function.