Secondary Battery Control Apparatus and Secondary Battery Control Method

• US 20080143281A1
• Filed: 07/11/2006
• Published: 06/19/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Yaguchi, Hideaki
• Granted Patent: US 7,629,755 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 318/139
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/025 using field orientation; Vector control; Direct Torque Control [DTC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/25 by controlling the electric load
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/27 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/42 Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells H01M10/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 21/00 Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 23/0004 Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

When it is determined that a battery temperature is lower than a threshold value, an inverter control circuit alternately switches an operation point of an AC motor between an optimum operation point and a motor loss increase point. At the motor loss increase point, an increase in the amplitude of the motor current increases copper loss occurring in the three-phase coil of the AC motor. On the other hand, at the optimum operation point, a reduction in the amplitude of the motor current reduces copper loss. Corresponding to the cyclical increase/reduction in the copper loss, the battery is cyclically charged/discharged by the electric power corresponding to the copper loss. The change in the battery current occurred by the charge/discharge causes the internal resistance to generate heat, whereby the temperature of the battery is increased. The foregoing temperature increase operation is prohibited when the motor temperature exceeds an allowable temperature with which the operation efficiency of the AC motor is ensured.

Claims

1. An apparatus for controlling a secondary battery, comprising:

a motor driving circuit receiving supply of electric power from a secondary battery to drive a motor;

battery temperature obtaining means for detecting or estimating a battery temperature of said secondary battery; and

a control circuit controlling said motor driving circuit such that output torque of said motor conforms to requested torque, wherein

said control circuit includes

first control means for operating said motor at a first operation point that requires a motor driving current of a first current amplitude for generating said requested torque,

second control means for operating said motor at a second operation point that requires a motor driving current of a second current amplitude greater than said first current amplitude for generating said requested torque, and

switching means for alternately switching between said first control means and said second control means for execution, when said battery temperature is lower than a prescribed threshold temperature.

2. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein

said first control means exerts feedback control of said motor driving current using a first current instruction that is constituted of said first current amplitude and a first current phase and that provides said first operation point,

said second control means exerts feedback control of said motor driving current using a second current instruction that is constituted of said second current amplitude and a second current phase and that provides said second operation point, and

said switching means alternately switches between said first current instruction and said second current instruction in the feedback control of said motor driving current.

3. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 1, further comprising

motor temperature obtaining means for obtaining a motor temperature of said motor, wherein

said control circuit prohibits execution of said switching means in response to said motor temperature becoming at least a prescribed allowable temperature.

4. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein

said control circuit further includes setting means for setting said second current amplitude such that electric power supplied from said secondary battery to said motor driving circuit does not exceed electric power that can be output from said secondary battery, when said motor is operated at said second operation point.

5. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein

said setting means sets said second current amplitude based on a relationship, obtained in advance, between said battery temperature and electric power that can be output from said secondary battery and in accordance with electric power that can be output from said secondary battery that corresponds to said battery temperature.

6. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein

said control circuit further includes setting means for setting a plurality of said second current amplitudes so as to be each greater than said first current amplitude and to be each gradually increased.

7. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein

said first operation point includes an optimum operation point where a maximum value of output torque in said first current amplitude is said requested torque, and said control circuit exerts feedback control of said motor driving current using

said first current instruction providing said optimum operation point, in response to said battery temperature becoming at least said threshold temperature.

8. The apparatus for controlling the secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein

said motor includes a motor for driving that drives driving wheels of a vehicle.

9. A method of controlling a secondary battery supplying electric power to a motor driving circuit driving a motor, comprising:

a battery temperature obtaining step of detecting or estimating a battery temperature of said secondary battery, and

a driving control step of controlling said motor driving circuit such that output torque of said motors conforms to requested torque, wherein

said driving control step includes

a first control step of operating said motor at a first operation point that requires a motor driving current of a first current amplitude for generating said requested torque,

a second control step of operating said motor at a second operation point that requires a motor driving current of a second current amplitude greater than said first current amplitude for generating said requested torque, and

a switching step of switching between said first control step and said second control step for execution, when said battery temperature is lower than a prescribed threshold temperature.

10. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein

said first control step includes a step of exerting feedback control of said motor driving current using a first current instruction that is constituted of said first current amplitude and a first current phase and that provides said first operation point,

said second control step includes a step of exerting feedback control of said motor driving current using a second current instruction that is constituted of said second current amplitude and a second current phase and that provides said second operation point, and

said switching steps includes a step of alternately switching between said first current instruction and said second current instruction in the feedback control of said motor driving current.

11. The apparatus of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 9, further comprising

a motor temperature obtaining step of obtaining a motor temperature of said motor, wherein

said driving control step prohibits execution of said switching step in response to said motor temperature becoming at least a prescribed allowable temperature.

12. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein

said driving control step further includes a setting step of setting said second current amplitude such that electric power supplied from said secondary battery to said motor driving circuit does not exceed electric power that can be output from said secondary battery, when said motor is operated at said second operation point.

13. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 12, wherein

said setting step sets said second current amplitude based on a relationship, obtained in advance, between said battery temperature and electric power that can be output from said secondary battery and in accordance with electric power that can be output from said secondary battery that corresponds to said battery temperature.

14. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein

said driving control step further includes a setting step of setting a plurality of said second current amplitudes so as to be each greater than said first current amplitude and to be each gradually increased.

15. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein

said first operation point includes an optimum operation point where a maximum value of output torque in said first current amplitude is said requested torque, and

said driving control step exerts feedback control of said motor driving current using said first current instruction providing said optimum operation point, in response to said battery temperature becoming at least said threshold temperature.

16. The method of controlling the secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein

said motor includes a motor for driving that drives driving wheels of a vehicle.