Uniform surfaces for hybrid material substrates and methods for making and using same

• US 20080145278A1
• Filed: 10/31/2007
• Published: 06/19/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 11/28/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Pacific Bioscience of California Incorporated (L'Oreal SA)
• Original Assignee: Pacific Bioscience of California Incorporated (L'Oreal SA)
• Inventors: Korlach, Jonas
• Granted Patent: US 7,931,867 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 422/82.08
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00317 Microwell devices, i.e. having large numbers of wells
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00527 Sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00576 fluorophore
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0061 The surface being organic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00619 using hydrophilic or hydrophobic regions
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00621 by physical means, e.g. trenches, raised areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00635 by reactive plasma treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5088 confining liquids at a location by surface tension, e.g. virtual wells on plates, wires B01L3/50857 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/0303 Optical path conditioning in cuvettes, e.g. windows; adapted optical elements or systems; path modifying or adjustment G01N21/031 - G01N21/15 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6452 Individual samples arranged in a regular 2D-array, e.g. multiwell plates
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/648 using evanescent coupling or surface plasmon coupling for the excitation of fluorescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/7703 using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides using measurement of total internal reflection or attenuated total reflection G01N21/552; optical fibres or waveguides per se G02B
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24942 including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24967 Absolute thicknesses specified
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31612 As silicone, silane or siloxane

Abstract

Devices, systems and methods of using same where hybrid substrate materials are provided with a substantially uniform surface to provide uniformity of properties, including interaction with their environments. Uniform surfaces are applied as coatings over, e.g., hybrid metal/silica, metal/polymer, metal/metal surfaces to mask different chemical properties of differing regions of the surface and to afford a protective surface for the hybrid structure.

Claims

1. An analytical substrate, comprising:

a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;

a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment.

2. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises a layer of the first material and a layer of the second material, wherein the layer of second material is a discontinuous layer disposed over the layer of first material layer resulting in a first surface of the first layer having exposed regions of first material and regions of second material.

3. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the first material comprises a transparent material and the second material comprises an opaque material.

4. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the one or more physical or chemical properties are selected from chemical composition, surface charge, relative hydrophobicity, conductivity, oxidative capacity surface roughness, and density of reactive chemical moieties.

5. The substrate of claim 3, wherein the first material is selected from glass, quartz, and fused silica, and the second material comprises a metal.

6. The substrate of claim 3, wherein the first material regions comprise a plurality of apertures disposed through a discontinuous layer of the second material deposited upon a layer of the first material.

7. The substrate of claim 6, wherein the apertures have a cross-sectional dimension that is from about 10 nm to about 200 nm.

8. The substrate of claim 6, wherein the apertures have a cross-sectional dimension that is from about 20 nm to about 100 nm.

9. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the second layer comprises an inorganic layer.

10. The substrate of claim 9, wherein the inorganic layer comprises a silica based layer.

11. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the silica based layer comprises silicon oxide.

12. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the second layer comprises an organic layer.

13. The substrate of claim 12, wherein the organic layer comprises organic materials selected from organic polymers, organosilicates and organosilanes.

14. A layered structure, comprising:

a first layer substrate comprised of a first material having a first surface;

a second layer disposed upon, but not completely covering the first surface of the first layer, having a second surface, the second layer being comprised of a second material having dissimilar chemical properties from the first layer; and

a third layer disposed over the second surface and exposed portions of the first surface, the third layer providing a third surface having substantially uniform chemical properties.

15. An analytical device, comprising:

a receptacle for receiving an analytical fluid;

a substrate disposed within the receptacle, the substrate comprising;

a first layer comprised of a first material and having a first surface;

a second, discontinuous layer disposed upon the first surface of the first layer, the second layer comprised of a second material different from the first material; and

a third substantially continuous layer disposed over the second layer to provide a uniform surface exposed to the analytical fluid/protect the first or second layer from the analytical fluid/prevent differential interaction between the analytical fluid and any one of the first, second or third layers.

16. A method of performing an analytical reaction, comprising:

providing a substrate that comprises;

a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;

a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment;

providing a reaction fluid upon the first surface that comprises the first chemical environment; and

performing the analytical reaction in the reaction fluid.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the reaction fluid comprises one or more of a nucleic acid sequence, one or more nucleoside triphosphates or analogs thereof, and an enzyme.

18. A method of producing an analytical substrate, comprising:

providing a first transparent layer having a first surface;

providing a second discontinuous layer over the first surface of the first transparent layer, resulting in a second surface comprised of exposed portions of the first surface of the first transparent layer and the second discontinuous layer; and

providing a third layer over at least one of the discontinuous layer and the exposed portions of the first surface of the transparent substrate, to provide a third surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the third surface is exposed to the first chemical environment.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of providing the third layer comprises depositing a silica based layer over the second surface.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the silica based layer comprises a siloxane.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of providing the third layer comprises repeatedly depositing a silica based material over the second surface.

22. A system, comprising:

a substrate, comprising;

a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;

a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment;

an optical detection system positioned to receive optical signals from a reaction fluid disposed upon the substrate.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the optical detection system comprises an excitation light source positioned to direct excitation light at the reaction fluid, and a fluorescence detector for detecting fluorescent signals from the reaction fluid.