Chemical Sensor Enhanced by Direct Coupling of Redox Enzyme to Conductive Surface
First Claim
1. A sensor for detecting a plurality of analytes comprising a plurality of sets of electrically coupled regions, wherein each set of regions is electrically isolated from the other sets of regions and wherein each set of regions comprises:
- (a) a continuous conductive surface having a first region and at least one additional region, wherein a redox enzyme is immobilized on the first region of the conductive surface, wherein the additional region is electrically coupled via the continuous conductive surface with the first region and the redox enzyme is not present in the additional region; and
(b) means for detecting oxidation or reduction of a substrate located at the additional region, wherein the substrate is capable of producing a detectable signal upon oxidation or reduction at the additional region.
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, apparatus and system for detecting electrochemical oxidoreduction activity mediated by a redox enzyme at a site remote from the enzyme. In one embodiment, the method comprises immobilizing the redox enzyme on a first region of a conductive surface and contacting a substrate capable of producing a detectable signal upon oxidation or reduction with a second region of the conductive surface. The second region is electrically coupled with the first region and the redox enzyme is not present in the second region. The method further comprises exposing the immobilized redox enzyme to conditions that effect oxidation or reduction of the enzyme, and detecting oxidation or reduction of the substrate at the second region. The invention can be adapted for detecting a plurality of analytes.
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Citations
15 Claims
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1. A sensor for detecting a plurality of analytes comprising a plurality of sets of electrically coupled regions, wherein each set of regions is electrically isolated from the other sets of regions and wherein each set of regions comprises:
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(a) a continuous conductive surface having a first region and at least one additional region, wherein a redox enzyme is immobilized on the first region of the conductive surface, wherein the additional region is electrically coupled via the continuous conductive surface with the first region and the redox enzyme is not present in the additional region; and (b) means for detecting oxidation or reduction of a substrate located at the additional region, wherein the substrate is capable of producing a detectable signal upon oxidation or reduction at the additional region. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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Specification