PSEUDOISOTHERMAL AMMONIA PROCESS

• US 20080161428A1
• Filed: 03/14/2008
• Published: 07/03/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/02/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kellogg Brown & Root LLC (KBR Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Kellogg Brown & Root LLC (KBR Incorporated)
• Inventors: STRAIT, RICHARD B.
• Granted Patent: US 7,892,511 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 518/702
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0445 Selective methanation
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/047 the impurity being carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0475 the impurity being carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/068 Ammonia synthesis
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/586 the reaction being a methanation reaction
• CPC Class Codes: C01C 1/0405 from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
• CPC Class Codes: C01C 1/0488 Processes integrated with preparations of other compounds, e.g. methanol, urea or with processes for power generation
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 29/1518 one step being the formation of initial mixture of carbon oxides and hydrogen for synthesis
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 31/04 Methanol
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 41/01 Preparation of ethers
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 43/043 Dimethyl ether
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 67/36 by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates C07C67/02, C07C67/03, C07C67/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 69/06 of monohydroxylic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 50/10 Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/145 the feedstock being materials of biological origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/52 using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/678 Aviation using fuels of non-fossil origin

Abstract

Systems and processes for producing one or more products from syngas are provided. A feedstock can be gasified in the presence of an oxidant to provide a syngas comprising carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. At least a portion of the syngas can be combusted to provide an exhaust gas. At least a portion of the exhaust gas can be introduced to a channel having one or more reaction zones at least partially disposed therein, wherein the one or more reaction zones are in indirect heat exchange with the exhaust gas, wherein the one or more reaction zones comprises one or more catalyst-containing tubes. A reactant can be reacted in at least one of the one or more reaction zones to provide one or more reactor products.

Claims

1. ) A process for producing one or more products from syngas comprising:

gasifying a feedstock in the presence of an oxidant to provide a syngas comprising carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen;

combusting at least a portion of the syngas to provide an exhaust gas;

introducing at least a portion of the exhaust gas to a channel having one or more reaction zones at least partially disposed therein, wherein the one or more reaction zones are in indirect heat exchange with the exhaust gas, and wherein the one or more reaction zones comprises one or more catalyst-containing tubes; and

reacting a reactant in at least one of the one or more reaction zones to provide one or more reactor products.

2. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the reaction is endothermic and heat from the exhaust gas is used to provide heat to the reaction.

3. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the reaction is exothermic and the exhaust gas removes the heat of reaction.

4. ) The process of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the syngas is introduced to at least one of the reaction zones to provide methanol, alkyl formates, dimethyl ether, ammonia, Fischer-Tropsch products, methane, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.

5. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the syngas is combusted in a combustion turbine.

6. ) The process of claim 1, wherein two or more reaction zones are at least partially disposed within the channel, and wherein the two or more reaction zones are arranged in parallel fluid communication, serial fluid communication, or a combination thereof.

7. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, oxides thereof, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.

8. ) The process of claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more catalyst-containing tubes comprises straight tubes, U-tubes, coiled tubes, bayonet tubes, surface enhanced tubes, or a combination thereof.

9. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the feedstock comprises biomass, coal, oil shale, coke, tar, asphaltenes, low ash polymers, no ash polymers, hydrocarbon-based polymeric materials, biomass derived material, by-product derived material from manufacturing operations, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.

10. ) The process of claim 1, wherein the reactant comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, alkenes, alkanes, aromatics, or combinations thereof.

11. ) A process for producing one or more products from syngas comprising:

combining one or more feedstocks and one or more oxidants in a fluidized reaction zone to provide a syngas;

combusting at least a portion of the syngas to provide an exhaust gas;

introducing at least a portion of the exhaust gas to a channel having one or more reaction zones and one or more heat exchange zones at least partially disposed therein, wherein the one or more reaction zones and one or more heat exchange zones are in indirect heat exchange with the turbine exhaust gas, wherein the one or more reaction zones comprises one or more catalyst-containing tubes; and

reacting at least a portion of a reactant in at least one of the one or more reaction zones to provide one or more products.

12. ) The process of claim 11, wherein the fluidized reaction zone is operated at a temperature of from 550°

C. to 1,050°

C.

13. ) The process of claim 11, wherein the syngas is combusted in a combustion turbine.

14. ) The process of claim 11, wherein the reaction is endothermic and heat from the exhaust gas is used to provide heat to the reaction.

15. ) The process of claim 11, wherein the reaction is exothermic and the exhaust gas removes the heat of reaction.

16. ) A system for producing one or more products from syngas comprising:

one or more gasifiers operated at conditions sufficient to convert a feedstock in the presence of an oxidant to syngas;

a combustor adapted to combust at least a portion of the syngas to provide an exhaust gas; and

one or more channels in fluid communication with the exhaust gas, each channel comprising one or more reactors and one or more heat exchangers,

wherein the exhaust gas transfers heat between the one or more reactors and one or more heat exchangers;

at least one of the reactors comprises one or more catalyst-containing tubes; and

the one or more reactors are adapted to convert at least a portion of a reactant to one or more products.

17. ) The system of claim 16, wherein the combustor is a combustion turbine.

18. ) The system of claim 17, wherein the combustion turbine is part of an integrated gasification combined cycle process.

19. ) The system of claim 16, wherein the exhaust gas transfers heat from the one or more reactors to the one or more heat exchangers.

20. ) The system of claim 16, wherein the exhaust gas transfers heat to the one or more reactors from the one or more heat exchangers.