Calibration and Metering Methods for Wood Kiln Moisture Measurement
First Claim
1. A method for determining a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted from a moisture sensitive sensor are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
- first obtaining cabling for signal communication between;
(1) a moisture sensitive sensor for measuring a capacitance of a stack of lumber being dried in which the sensor is embedded, and (2) a data acquisition device for receiving signals from the sensor in response to an excitation signal provided to the sensor via the cabling, wherein the cabling includes a conductor, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor;
configuring the cabling in each of one or more circuit configurations so that in each circuit configuration at least one end of the cabling is not operatively connected to each of;
the sensor, and the data acquisition device;
second obtaining, for each of the one or more circuit configurations, one or more calibration values, including at least one of the following sets of substeps;
(a) a first set of steps including;
(a-1) obtaining, for each of the circuit configurations, corresponding impedance data for a predetermined impedance load applied to the cabling; and
(a-2) determining at least one of the calibration values, by determining (i) an impedance including a parallel combination of a capacitance between the conductor and shielding, and (ii) a resistance between the conductor and the shielding, wherein the shielding is excited;
(b) a second set including the step;
(b-1) determining at least one of the calibration values by determining a capacitance between the conductor and the shielding of the cabling, wherein the shielding is grounded, and the capacitance is dependent on a length of the cabling;
storing the calibration values;
operably connecting the cabling for communicating between the moisture sensitive sensor, and the data acquisition device;
monitoring a moisture content of drying lumber, including the substeps of;
(c-1) applying the excitation signal to the conductor of the cabling;
(c-2) obtaining one or more impedance related measurements of a circuit including the cabling, the sensor, and the lumber, wherein the at least one end of the cabling is operatively connected to one of the sensor, and data acquisition device;
(c-3) determining one or more enhanced impedance related values that are substantially independent of an impedance related to at least one length of the cabling, wherein at least one of the one or more enhanced impedance related values is determined as a function of a combination of;
(i) one of the impedance related measurements, and (ii) one of the calibration values; and
(c-4) using the enhanced impedance related values for estimating a moisture content of the drying lumber.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A moisture metering calibration method and system for, e.g., determining the moisture lumber within a lumber drying kiln is disclosed. Calibration of moisture indicative electrical signals obtained from, e.g., moisture sensing capacitive plates spaced apart within a stack of drying lumber is performed, wherein long lengths (e.g., up to 1000 linear feet or more) of coaxial cable can be used for transmitting the signals, and effectively removing signal anomalies induced in such cabling so that accurate lumber moisture measurements result. Such extended cable lengths provides flexibility with respect to placement of electronic moisture metering equipment. This flexibility allows such equipment to be placed in an environmentally-controlled enclosure, rather than on the weather exposed exterior of a kiln whose lumber is being monitored.
104 Citations
80 Claims
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1. A method for determining a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted from a moisture sensitive sensor are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
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first obtaining cabling for signal communication between;
(1) a moisture sensitive sensor for measuring a capacitance of a stack of lumber being dried in which the sensor is embedded, and (2) a data acquisition device for receiving signals from the sensor in response to an excitation signal provided to the sensor via the cabling, wherein the cabling includes a conductor, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor;configuring the cabling in each of one or more circuit configurations so that in each circuit configuration at least one end of the cabling is not operatively connected to each of;
the sensor, and the data acquisition device;second obtaining, for each of the one or more circuit configurations, one or more calibration values, including at least one of the following sets of substeps; (a) a first set of steps including; (a-1) obtaining, for each of the circuit configurations, corresponding impedance data for a predetermined impedance load applied to the cabling; and (a-2) determining at least one of the calibration values, by determining (i) an impedance including a parallel combination of a capacitance between the conductor and shielding, and (ii) a resistance between the conductor and the shielding, wherein the shielding is excited; (b) a second set including the step; (b-1) determining at least one of the calibration values by determining a capacitance between the conductor and the shielding of the cabling, wherein the shielding is grounded, and the capacitance is dependent on a length of the cabling; storing the calibration values; operably connecting the cabling for communicating between the moisture sensitive sensor, and the data acquisition device; monitoring a moisture content of drying lumber, including the substeps of; (c-1) applying the excitation signal to the conductor of the cabling; (c-2) obtaining one or more impedance related measurements of a circuit including the cabling, the sensor, and the lumber, wherein the at least one end of the cabling is operatively connected to one of the sensor, and data acquisition device; (c-3) determining one or more enhanced impedance related values that are substantially independent of an impedance related to at least one length of the cabling, wherein at least one of the one or more enhanced impedance related values is determined as a function of a combination of;
(i) one of the impedance related measurements, and (ii) one of the calibration values; and(c-4) using the enhanced impedance related values for estimating a moisture content of the drying lumber. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. A method for determining parameters used in estimating a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted, via cabling, from a moisture sensitive sensor, are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
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obtaining one or more values as values for a plurality of calibration parameters, the one or more values including at least one of; (a) a first value indicative of a terminal impedance at terminals to which the cabling is connected, wherein a first of the terminals is connected to a conductor of the cabling, and a second of the terminals is connected to a shield of the cabling, the shield for shielding the conductor, and (b) a second value indicative of a capacitance of the cabling between the conductor and the shield along a length of the cabling; determining at least an additional one of the value for one of the parameters of the plurality of calibration parameters using at least one of the first value and the second value, wherein the additional value is the other of the first and second values, or the additional value is indicative of at least one of; (i) an impedance gain adjustment, (ii) an impedance offset adjustment, (iii) an impedance phase gain adjustment, (iv) an impedance phase offset adjustment, (v) an inductance of the cabling; and (vi) a resistance of the cabling; storing the one or more values for the plurality of calibration parameters, wherein the stored one or more values are used to correct impedance values from a time series of the signals so that impedance values obtained from such correction are more indicative of the moisture in the lumber. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
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52. A method for determining a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted, via cabling, from a moisture sensitive sensor, are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
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obtaining cabling for signal communication between;
(i) a moisture sensitive sensor for measuring a capacitance of a stack of lumber being dried in which the sensor is embedded, and (ii) a data acquisition device for generating an excitation signal provided to the sensor via the cabling, wherein the cabling include a conductor, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor;connecting one end of the cabling to a device for providing a predetermined impedance load to the cabling, wherein the cabling is disconnected from at least one of the sensor, and the data acquisition device; obtaining, while the device is connected to the cabling, one or more values, including at least one of the following values; (a-1) a first value indicative of a terminal impedance at terminals to which the cabling is connected, wherein a first of the terminals connects to the conductor, and a second of the terminals connects to the conductive shielding, the shield, and (a-2) a second value indicative of a capacitance along at least one length of the cabling between the conductor and the conductive shielding; storing the one or more values; disconnecting the device from the cabling; connecting the cabling for communicating between the moisture sensitive sensor, and the data acquisition device; monitoring a moisture content of drying lumber, including the substeps of; (b-1) applying an excitation signal to the conductor of at least one length of the cabling; (b-2) obtaining one or more measurements of a circuit including the at least one length of the cabling, the sensor, and lumber; (b-3) accessing the one or more stored values; (b-4) determining one or more impedance values that are less dependent upon an impedance for the cabling, and more indicative of an impedance for the drying lumber than the one or more measurements, wherein the one or more impedance values are determined using one of;
(i) the first value, and a difference between two voltages of the one or more measurements, and (ii) the second value, and a difference between a capacitance of the one or more measurements; and(b-5) using the one or more impedance values for estimating a moisture content of the drying lumber. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69)
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70. A method for determining a moisture content of drying lumber in a kiln using a meter, wherein the meter receives signals from at least one capacitor plate of a pair of capacitor plates spaced apart by a portion of the lumber, and wherein the meter uses measurements of the signals to obtain values indicative of the moisture content of the lumber, comprising:
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obtaining cabling for transmitting the signals from the at least one capacitor plate to the meter, wherein the cabling includes a signal conductor, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor; subsequent to said step of obtaining, and for a circuit including at least one length of the cabling, determining a terminal impedance using at least two of; (a) a predetermined capacitive load applied to the circuit, wherein the capacitive load is applied to the signal conductor of the at least one length of the cabling, and the shielding therefor; (b) a voltage difference across a resistor operably connected between the signal conductor, and the shielding of the at least one length of the cabling; (c) a capacitance between the signal conductor of the cabling, and the shielding of the at least one length of the cabling, the capacitance dependent on the at least one length of the cabling; receiving, at the meter, the signals from the at least one capacitor plate; generating adjusted measurements of the measurements of the signals using the terminal impedance, wherein the adjusted measurements have a reduced dependence on the at least one length of the cabling; and deriving, from the adjusted measurements, values indicative of the moisture content of the lumber.
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71. An apparatus for determining a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted from a moisture sensitive sensor are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
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one or more lengths of cabling for signal communication between;
(1) a moisture sensitive sensor for measuring a capacitance of a stack of lumber being dried in which the sensor is embedded, and (2) a data acquisition device for receiving signals from the sensor in response to an excitation signal provided to the sensor via at least one of the lengths (L) of the cabling, wherein the at least one length of the cabling L includes a conductor extending substantially an entire length of the at least one length of the cabling L, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor for substantially the entire length of the at least one length of the cabling L;one or more circuit configurations, wherein each circuit configuration includes the one or more lengths of the cabling, and wherein one or more calibration values are obtained when a predetermined impedance load is applied to the circuit configuration, the one or more calibration values obtained by one of; (a-1) determining (i) a first difference between the predetermined impedance loads for two of the circuit configurations, and (ii) a second difference between the corresponding impedance data for the different circuit configurations; (a-2) determining at least one of the calibration values by determining a capacitance between the conductor and the shielding of the cabling, wherein the shielding is grounded, and the capacitance is dependent on a length of the cabling; a data store for storing the one or more calibration values; a signal measurement correction component, included in the data acquisition device or operably connected thereto, for; (b-1) receiving a time series of impedance related measurements from a circuit including the one or more lengths of the cabling, the sensor, and the lumber when an excitation signal is applied to the conductor, and (b-2) determining a plurality of enhanced impedance related values that are substantially independent of an impedance related to the one or more lengths of the cabling, wherein each of the plurality of enhanced impedance related values is determined as a function of;
(i) one of the impedance related measurements, and (ii) one of the calibration values;wherein the one or more enhanced impedance related values are used for estimating a moisture content of the lumber. - View Dependent Claims (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
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80. An apparatus for determining a moisture content of lumber drying, wherein signals transmitted from a moisture sensitive sensor are used to determine the lumber moisture content, comprising:
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one or more lengths of cabling for signal communication between;
(1) a moisture sensitive sensor for measuring a capacitance of a stack of lumber being dried in which the sensor is embedded, and (2) a data acquisition device for receiving signals from the sensor in response to an excitation signal provided to the sensor via at least one of the lengths (L) of the cabling, wherein the at least one length of the cabling L includes a conductor extending substantially an entire length of the at least one length of the cabling L, and a conductive shielding surrounding the conductor for substantially the entire length of the at least one length of the cabling L;one or more circuit configurations, wherein each circuit configuration includes the one or more lengths of the cabling, and wherein one or more calibration values are obtained when a predetermined impedance load is applied to the circuit configuration, the one or more calibration values obtained by one of; (a-1) determining (i) a first difference between the predetermined impedance loads for two of the circuit configurations, and (ii) a second difference between the corresponding impedance data for the different circuit configurations; (a-2) determining at least one of the calibration values by determining a capacitance between the conductor and the shielding of the cabling, wherein the shielding is grounded, and the capacitance is dependent on a length of the cabling; a data store for storing the one or more calibration values; signal measurement correction means, included in the data acquisition device or operably connected thereto, for; (b-1) receiving a time series of impedance related measurements from a circuit including the one or more lengths of the cabling, the sensor, and the lumber when an excitation signal is applied to the conductor, and (b-2) determining a plurality of enhanced impedance related values that are substantially independent of an impedance related to the one or more lengths of the cabling, wherein each of the plurality of enhanced impedance related values is determined as a function of;
(i) one of the impedance related measurements, and (ii) one of the calibration values;wherein the one or more enhanced impedance related values are used for estimating a moisture content of the lumber.
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Specification