Substrate having properties of mammalian skin

• US 20080167398A1
• Filed: 01/08/2007
• Published: 07/10/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Original Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Inventors: Tweddell, Richard, Patil, Pankaj Yadav, Datta, Saswati
• Granted Patent: US 10,144,204 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 523/113
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/40 comprising polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/022 Mechanical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 23/30 Anatomical models G09B23/281 - G09B23/288 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24512 Polyurethane
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/10 Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing

Abstract

Substrate comprising a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale; a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm; a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer; the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4:96 to about 25:75.

Claims

1. A substrate comprising:

a) a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

b) a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

c) a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75.

2. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the polymeric first material is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, linear polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, and mixtures thereof.

3. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the first surface of the first layer has a total surface energy of from about 15 mJ/m² to about 50 mJ/m², a zeta-potential at a pH of about 5.0 of from about −

30 mV to about 30 mV, a polar component of the total surface energy of from about 0 mJ/m² to about 15 mJ/m², and combinations thereof.

4. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the first surface of the first layer is textured.

5. The substrate of claim 4, wherein the textured first surface mimics mammalian skin.

6. The substrate of claim 1, wherein said second material comprises a gel selected from the group consisting of urethane gels, plastisol gels, hydrogels, silicone gels, and mixtures thereof.

7. The substrate of claim 6, wherein the silicone gel is polydimethylsiloxane.

8. The substrate of claim 1, wherein said second layer has a thickness of from about 0.01 cm to about 0.5 cm.

9. The substrate of claim 1, wherein said third material comprises thermoplastic elastomers, thermoset elastomers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, polyurethane polymers, and mixtures thereof.

10. The substrate of claim 9, wherein said polyurethane polymer is PC-16.

11. The substrate of claim 1, wherein said third layer has a hardness of from about 40 to about 90 on the Shore OO scale.

12. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the coefficient of friction of the substrate is from about 0.3 to about 1.0.

13. The substrate of claim 1, further comprising a protective sheath.

14. The substrate of claim 1, further comprising at least one coating material which is stably affixed to the first surface of the first layer.

15. The substrate of claim 14, wherein the coating material demonstrates at least one physical property representative of mammalian skin, selected from the group consisting of a total surface energy of from about 15 mJ/m² to about 50 mJ/m², a zeta-potential at a pH of about 5.0 of from about −

30 mV to about 30 mV, a polar component of the total surface energy of from about 0 mJ/m² to about 15 mJ/m², and combinations thereof.

16. The substrate of claim 14, wherein said coating material is selected from the group consisting of linear hydrocarbons, branched hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, amines, amides, alcohols, sulfides, particulates, and mixtures thereof.

17. The substrate of claim 14, wherein said coating material is textured.

18. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the thickness of the second layer to the third layer is from about 4:

96 to about 15;

85.

19. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the sum of the thickness of the second layer and the thickness of the third layer is from about 1 mm to about 2 cm.

20. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the sum of the thickness of the second layer and the thickness of the third layer is from about 0.5 cm to about 2 cm.

21. A method of evaluating the interaction of at least one substance with mammalian skin, comprising the step of applying at least one substance to a substrate comprising:

a) a first layer comprising polymeric first material, said first layer having a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

b) a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

c) a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the interaction is deposition of a substance onto mammalian skin.

23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the interaction is removal of a substance from mammalian skin.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the interaction is adhesion of a substance to mammalian skin.

25. The method of claim 21, further comprising the step of heating the substrate.

26. A method of product evaluation comprising the steps of:

a) providing a first substrate comprising;

i. a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

ii. a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

iii. a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75;

b) providing a second substrate;

c) contacting at least one of the substrates to an instrument capable of measuring frictional force;

d) bringing the first substrate into contact with the second substrate;

e) moving the first substrate with respect to the second substrate in a controlled manner while maintaining substantially continuous contact between the first substrate and the second substrate; and

f) measuring the frictional force generated by the movement of the first substrate relative to the second substrate.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising the step of heating the first substrate.

28. A method of product development, comprising the steps of:

a) applying a substance to a substrate comprising;

i. a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

ii. a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

iii. a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75;

b) generating a first set of data by analyzing the substrate; and

c) comparing the first set of data to a second set of data.

29. A method of simulating interactions with mammalian skin, comprising the steps of:

a) providing a substrate comprising;

i. a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

ii. a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

iii. a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75;

b) performing an act on the substrate as may be performed on mammalian keratinous tissue.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of heating the substrate.

31. A method of providing a calibration standard for instrumental measurements comprising the steps of:

a) providing a substrate comprising;

i. a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

ii. a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

iii. a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75;

b) providing a first marking having a measured dimension on the substrate;

c) performing an instrumental analysis of first marking to produce first data;

d) performing the instrumental analysis of step (c) on mammalian keratinous having a second marking to produce second data;

e) comparing the first data to the second data.

32. An article of commerce comprising:

a) a substrate comprising;

i. a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale;

ii. a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm;

iii. a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and

wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer;

the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and

wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4;

96 to about 25;

75;

b) a communication to use said article of manufacture to simulate mammalian skin.