GASIFICATION REACTOR

• US 20080172941A1
• Filed: 11/29/2007
• Published: 07/24/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/01/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals Incorporated (Linde Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Von Kossak-Glowczewski, Thomas Paul, JANCKER, Steffen, Wolff, Joachim
• Granted Patent: US 9,051,522 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 48/73
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2200/09 Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2200/152 Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/093 Coal
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/0959 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1687 with steam generation
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/485 Entrained flow gasifiers
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/76 Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/84 with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/845 Quench rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10K 1/101 with water only

Abstract

A gasification reactor comprising a vessel (1), provided at its upper end with a downwardly directed burner (2), and provided with supply conduits for an oxidizer gas (3), a carbonaceous feed (4) and a moderator gas (5), a combustion chamber (6) in the upper half of the vessel provided with a product gas outlet (7) at its bottom end and an opening for the outlet of the burner (2) at its top end, wherein between the wall of the combustion chamber (6) and the wall of the vessel (1) an annular space (9) is provided, and wherein the wall of the combustion chamber (6) comprises an arrangement of interconnected parallel arranged tubes (10) resulting in a substantially gas-tight wall running from a common lower arranged distributor (12) to a higher arranged common header (11), said distributor (12) provided with a cooling water supply conduit (14) and said header (11) provided with a steam discharge conduit (13) and wherein the steam discharge conduit (13) and the water supply conduit (14) are fluidly connected to a steam drum (29) and wherein the steam drum (29) is provided with a supply conduit (32) for fresh water and wherein the steam drum (29) is positioned at a higher elevation than the common header (11).

Claims

1. A gasification reactor comprising

a vessel provided at its upper end with a downwardly directed burner, and provided with supply conduits for an oxidizer gas, a carbonaceous feed and a moderator gas, a combustion chamber in the upper half of the vessel, provided with a product gas outlet at its bottom end and an opening for the outlet of the burner at its top end,

wherein between the wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of the vessel an annular space is provided, and wherein the wall of the combustion chamber comprises an arrangement of interconnected parallel arranged tubes resulting in a substantially gas-tight wall running from a common lower arranged distributor to a higher arranged common header, said distributor provided with a cooling water supply conduit and said header provided with a steam discharge conduit and wherein the steam discharge conduit and the water supply conduit are fluidly connected to a steam drum and wherein the steam drum is provided with a supply conduit for fresh water and wherein the steam drum is positioned at a higher elevation than the common header.

2. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein a water pump is present to enhance the flow of water from the steam drum to the distributor.

3. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the combustion chamber is coated with a refractory material.

4. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the product gas outlet at the bottom end of the combustion chamber is fluidly connected to a dip-tube, which is partly submerged in a water bath located at the lower end of the reactor vessel.

5. A reactor according to claim 4, wherein the upper part of the dip tube is provided with a tube through which, in use, cooling water or steam may flow.

6. A reactor according to claim 4, wherein at the upper end of the dip-tube injecting means are provided to add a quenching medium to the, in use, downwardly flowing mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

7. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein at the lower end of the reactor vessel a slag discharge opening is present to discharge slag from the reactor vessel.

8. A process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feed in a reactor according to claim 1, wherein the volume of water present in the steam drum is sufficient to cool the wall of the combustion chamber for at least 1 minute in case the supply of fresh water is interrupted.

9. A process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feed in a reactor according to claim 2, wherein the volume of water present in the steam drum is sufficient to cool the wall of the combustion chamber for at least 1 minute in case the pump fails.

10. A process according to claim 8, wherein the steam present in the steam drum is used, after being further increased in temperature, as a moderator gas in the burner of the gasification reactor.