ELECTROCHEMICAL NANOSENSORS FOR BIOMOLECULE DETECTION
First Claim
1. A method of detecting the presence, concentration or amount of a biomolecular analyte species in a sample using a device or assembly comprising a first capture species immobilized relative to a base, the first capture species configured to have a binding specificity for the analyte;
- a working electrode disposed in communication with the base, the working electrode configured to provide effective electrical communication with a communicating aqueous fluid; and
a catalyst complex including a catalyst fixed to a second capture species, the second capture species configured to have a binding specificity for the analyte, and the catalyst having an activity for a selected reporter substrate to produce a product species, the product species configured to interact with the working electrode so as to produce a detectable change in an electrical property of the working electrode, the method comprising;
(a) exposing the immobilized first capture species to analyte species present in a sample, under condition sufficient to permit binding of the first capture species to the analyte species so as to immobilize at least some of the analyte species relative to the base;
(b) exposing the catalyst complex to the analyte species, under condition sufficient to permit binding of the second capture species to the analyte species, so as to bind the catalyst complex to at least some of the immobilized analyte species;
(c) following carrying out in any operative order the analyte-immobilization operation (a) and the catalyst-complex-binding operation (b);
(i) removing any unbound catalyst complex; and
(ii) exposing the immobilized catalyst complex to the reporter substrate under condition sufficient to permit reaction of the reporter substrate with the catalyst to produce the product species; and
(d) making at least one electrical measurement indicating the change in charge transfer due to the interaction of the product species with the working electrode so as to detect the presence, concentration and/or amount of the analyte species in the sample.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Sensor devices, methods and kits for detection of biomolecules are provided. According to various embodiments, the devices, methods and kits provide enhanced sensitivity through the measurement of electrochemical impedance and related properties. Certain embodiments employ nanostructured electrode elements including nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanocones. In a particular embodiment, single walled carbon nanotubes disposed in interconnected networks are used as electrodes. The device, methods and kits described herein have application for detection and measurement of biomolecular species including polynucleotides, proteins, polysaccharides and the like.
35 Citations
39 Claims
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1. A method of detecting the presence, concentration or amount of a biomolecular analyte species in a sample using a device or assembly comprising a first capture species immobilized relative to a base, the first capture species configured to have a binding specificity for the analyte;
- a working electrode disposed in communication with the base, the working electrode configured to provide effective electrical communication with a communicating aqueous fluid; and
a catalyst complex including a catalyst fixed to a second capture species, the second capture species configured to have a binding specificity for the analyte, and the catalyst having an activity for a selected reporter substrate to produce a product species, the product species configured to interact with the working electrode so as to produce a detectable change in an electrical property of the working electrode, the method comprising;(a) exposing the immobilized first capture species to analyte species present in a sample, under condition sufficient to permit binding of the first capture species to the analyte species so as to immobilize at least some of the analyte species relative to the base; (b) exposing the catalyst complex to the analyte species, under condition sufficient to permit binding of the second capture species to the analyte species, so as to bind the catalyst complex to at least some of the immobilized analyte species; (c) following carrying out in any operative order the analyte-immobilization operation (a) and the catalyst-complex-binding operation (b); (i) removing any unbound catalyst complex; and (ii) exposing the immobilized catalyst complex to the reporter substrate under condition sufficient to permit reaction of the reporter substrate with the catalyst to produce the product species; and (d) making at least one electrical measurement indicating the change in charge transfer due to the interaction of the product species with the working electrode so as to detect the presence, concentration and/or amount of the analyte species in the sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
- a working electrode disposed in communication with the base, the working electrode configured to provide effective electrical communication with a communicating aqueous fluid; and
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20. An assay device for detecting the analyte in a aqueous sample possibly containing an analyte, for use with the aqueous sample and an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous sample and the aqueous solution may be the same or different fluids, the device comprising:
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(a) a first sensor platform including; (i) a working electrode configured to provide effective electrical interaction with a communicating fluid; (ii) a counter electrode disposed in a spaced-apart arrangement from the working electrode, the spaced-apart arrangement configured to define a reaction zone for an electrochemical reaction in a communicating fluid, the reaction zone in communication with both working and counter electrodes; (iii) a first capture species bound on and/or adjacent the working electrode, the capture species having a binding affinity for the analyte; and (iv) wherein the working electrode and counter electrode are configured to electrically communicate with measurement circuitry; (b) a first elongate sorbent membrane having a proximal end and a distal end, (i) the proximal end having a first input portion configured for application of at least the aqueous sample; (ii) the distal end having a first delivery portion engaging the sensor platform in communication with the reaction zone; and (iii) the membrane composed, configured and supported so as to promote migration of the aqueous sample from the first input portion through the membrane to the first delivery portion so as to permit the aqueous sample to reach the reaction zone in a first time interval; and (c) a second elongate sorbent membrane having a proximal end and a distal end, (i) the proximal end having a second input portion configured for application of at least the aqueous solution; (ii) the distal end having a second delivery portion engaging the sensor platform in communication with the reaction zone; and (iii) the membrane composed, configured and supported so as to promote migration of the aqueous solution from the second input portion through the membrane to the second delivery portion so as to permit the aqueous sample to reach the reaction zone in a second time interval. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A device for detecting the presence, concentration or amount of a biomolecular analyte species in a sample, comprising:
- a base, a working electrode disposed in communication with the base, the working electrode configured to provide effective electrical communication with a communicating aqueous fluid.
- View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37)
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38. A kit for detecting the presence, concentration or amount of a biomolecular analyte species, the kit comprising:
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a device for detecting the presence, concentration or amount of a biomolecular analyte species in a sample, comprising;
a base, a first capture species immobilized relative to the base, and a working electrode disposed in communication with the base, the working electrode configured to provide effective electrical communication with a communicating aqueous fluid; anda first reagent material comprising a reporter catalyst complex, said reporter catalyst complex comprising; a second capture species having a binding affinity for the analyte such that the second capture species may identical or different from the first capture species; and a reporter catalyst bound to the second capture species, the catalyst selected from the group consisting of an enzyme and a non-enzyme catalyst.
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39. A sensing device for detecting the presence, concentration, and/or amount of an analyte species in a sample, comprising:
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base means for supporting a working electrode; electrode means for communicating electrically with a surrounding fluid; means for immobilizing a first capture species relative to the base; means for measuring an electrical measurement indicating the change in charge transfer due to the interaction of a product species with the working electrode so as to detect the presence, concentration and/or amount of the analyte species in the sample.
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Specification