Device for Continuous, Non-invasive Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure and Uses Thereof
First Claim
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1. A signal processing device comprising:
- (a) at least one detector for generating at least one measurement signal from at least one measurement radiation, wherein the measurement radiation propagates along a propagation medium starting from at least one radiation source;
(b) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer and a cuff for applying a pressure on the propagation medium;
(c) a reference signal generator that accepts the signals generated by the detector and the pressure generated by the pressure generator to compute a reference signal; and
(d) a filter receiving the reference signal as an input, wherein the filter essentially separates a supplementing signal and a favored signal from the signals generated by the detector,wherein the favored signal is a measure of the physiological characteristics.
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Abstract
The invention relates to methods and devices for continuous, non-invasive measurement of arterial blood pressure. One embodiment of the invention as illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises (a) a first radiation source (1) and at least one other radiation source (2); (b) at least one detector (4); (c) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer and a cuff (9, 10, 11, 12) for applying time-variable pressure on the body part, wherein a pressure signal p(t) corresponds to the arterial blood pressure; (d) a reference signal generator (6); and (e) a filter (7), which receives the reference signal and separates a supplementing signal from a favored signal.
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Citations
36 Claims
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1. A signal processing device comprising:
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(a) at least one detector for generating at least one measurement signal from at least one measurement radiation, wherein the measurement radiation propagates along a propagation medium starting from at least one radiation source; (b) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer and a cuff for applying a pressure on the propagation medium; (c) a reference signal generator that accepts the signals generated by the detector and the pressure generated by the pressure generator to compute a reference signal; and (d) a filter receiving the reference signal as an input, wherein the filter essentially separates a supplementing signal and a favored signal from the signals generated by the detector, wherein the favored signal is a measure of the physiological characteristics. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A device for measuring one or more physiological characteristics, the device comprising
(a) at least one radiation source for generating at least one measurement radiation, wherein the measurement radiation propagates through a body part; -
(b) at least one detector for generating at least one measurement signal from the measurement radiation; (c) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer, and a cuff for applying a pressure to the body part; (d) a reference signal generator, which computes a reference signal from the signal generated by the detector and the pressure signal from the pressure generator; and (e) a filter receiving the reference signal, wherein the filter essentially separates a supplementing signal and a favored signal from the signals measured by the detector, wherein the favored signal is a measure of the physiological characteristics. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A signal processing device comprising:
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(a) at least one detector providing a first measurement signal s1(t) from a measurement radiation of defined wavelength, which propagates along a propagation path starting from a first radiation source, and at least one other measurement signal sN(t) from another measurement radiation of different wave-length, which propagates wholly or partially along the propagation path starting from at least one other radiation source, wherein at least a portion of the propagation path is situated in a propagation medium, wherein the first signal s1(t) comprises a favored signal a1(t) and a supplementing signal v1(t) and the at least one other signal sN(t) comprises a favored signal aN(t) and a supplementing signal vN(t), wherein the signals a1(t) to aN(t) result from a first, time-variable quantity a(t) in the propagating medium and the signals v1(t) to vN(t) result from a second, time-variable quantity v(t) in the propagation medium; (b) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer and a cuff for applying time-variable pressure on the propagation medium, with a pressure signal p(t) being a function of the first, time-variable quantity a(t) of the propagation medium or a function of one or more signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector; (c) a reference signal generator, which accepts the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector and the pressure signal p(t) as inputs and computes from these inputs a reference signal Δ
n′
(t), which is a function of the second, time-variable quantity v(t) or of the supplementing signals v1(t) to vN(t); and(d) a filter receiving the reference signal Δ
n′
(t) as an input, wherein the frequency properties of the filter essentially correlate with the reference signal Δ
n′
(t), and wherein the filter essentially separates from at least one of the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector the supplementing signal v1(t) to vN(t) from the favored signal a1(t) to aN(t).
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17. A device for the continuous, non-invasive measurement of the arterial blood flow comprising:
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(a) a first radiation source and at least one other radiation source for generating a first and at least one other measurement radiation of defined, mutually differing wavelengths; (b) at least one detector for generating a first measurement signal s1(t) from the first measurement radiation and at least one other measurement signal sN(t) from the at least one other measurement radiation of different wavelength, wherein the measurement radiations propagate wholly or partially along a propagation path and wherein at least a portion of this propagation path is located in a body part traversed by arterial and venous blood flows, and wherein the first signal s1(t) has a first arterial signal component a1(t) and a first venous signal component v1(t) and wherein the at least one other signal sN(t) has at least one other arterial signal component aN(t) and at least one other venous signal component vN(t), and wherein arterial signal components a1(t) to aN(t) result from a time-varying arterial blood flow a(t) in the body part, and the venous signal components v1(t) to vN(t) result from a time-varying venous blood flow v(t) in the body part; (c) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer and a cuff for applying a time-varying pressure to the body part, wherein a pressure signal p(t) corresponding to an arterial blood pressure, is a function of the arterial blood flow a(t) in the body part or a function of one or more of the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector; (d) a reference signal generator, which has as inputs the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector and the pressure signal p(t), and which computes from these inputs a reference signal Δ
n′
(t), which is a function of the venous blood flow v(t) or of the venous signal components v1(t) to vN(t); and(e) a filter receiving the reference signal Δ
n′
(t) as an input, where the frequency properties of the filter essentially correlate with the reference signal Δ
n′
(t), and wherein the filter essentially separates from at least in one of the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by the detector the venous signal component v1(t) to vN(t) from the arterial signal component a1(t) to aN(t), wherein the arterial signal component is proportional to the arterial blood flow a(t).
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18. A pulse oximeter comprising
(a) at least one radiation source for generating at least one measurement radiation, wherein the measurement radiation propagates through a body part; -
(b) at least one detector for generating at least one measurement signal from the measurement radiation; (c) an air pressure generator, one or more valves, a manometer, and a cuff for applying a time-varying pressure to the body part; (d) a reference signal generator, which computes a reference signal from the signal generated by the detector and the pressure signal from the pressure generator; and (e) a filter receiving the reference signal, wherein the filter essentially separates a supplementing signal and a favored signal from the signals measured by the detector, wherein the favored signal is a measure of the physiological characteristics.
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19. A method for measuring one or more physiological characteristics, the device comprises
(a) providing a first and at least one other measurement radiation; -
(b) detecting a first measurement signal from the first measurement radiation and at least one other measurement signal from the at least one other measurement radiation of different wavelength, where the two measurement radiations propagate wholly or partially along the same propagation path in a body part; (c) applying a pressure to the body part; (d) computing a reference signal from the first and the at least one measurement signals of (b) and the pressure of (c); and (e) separating a supplementing signal component and a favored signal component from the measurement signals of (b) by using a filter that receives a reference signal as an input, wherein the reference signal is computed from the measurement signal of (b) and the pressure signal of (c), wherein the favored signal component is a measure of the physiological characteristics. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A method for the continuous, non-invasive measurement of arterial blood pressure in a body part with arterial and venous blood flow comprising:
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(a) providing a first and at least one other measurement radiation of defined, mutually differing wavelengths; (b) detecting a first measurement signal s1(t) from the first measurement radiation and at least one other measurement signal sN(t) from the at least one other measurement radiation of different wavelength, where the two measurement radiations propagate wholly or partially along the same propagation path and wherein part of this propagation path is located in the body part in which arterial and venous blood flows, and wherein the first signal s1(t) has a first favored signal component a1(t) and a first supplementing signal component v1(t), and wherein the at least one other signal sN(t) has a favored signal component aN(t) and a supplementing signal component vN(t), and wherein the first and all other favored signal components a1(t) to aN(t) result from a time-varying arterial blood flow a(t) in the body part and the first and all other supplementing signal components v1(t) to vN(t) result from a time-varying venous blood flow v(t) in the body part; (c) applying a time-varying pressure to the body part, wherein a pressure signal p(t) corresponding to the arterial blood pressure is a function of the arterial blood flow a(t) in the body part or a function of one or more of the signals s1(t) to sN(t); (d) computing a reference signal Δ
n′
(t) from the signals s1(t) to sN(t) and the pressure signal p(t), which is a function of venous blood flow v(t) or of the supplementing signal components v1(t) to vN(t); and(e) separating the supplementing signal component v1(t) to vN(t) from the favored signal component a1(t) to aN(t) of the signals s1(t) to sN(t) measured by a detector by means of a filter receiving the reference signal Δ
n′
(t) as an input, wherein the frequency properties of the filter essentially correlates with the reference signal Δ
n′
(t), and wherein the favored signal component a1(t) to aN(t) is proportional to the arterial blood flow a(t). - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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Specification