Fully Automated Control System for Type I Diabetes
First Claim
1. A system for automatic control of blood glucose level of a subject, comprising:
- a glucose sensor operative to continually sense a glucose level of the subject and generate a corresponding glucose level signal;
a delivery device operative to deliver respective doses of insulin and a counter-regulatory agent to the subject in response to respective insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals; and
a controller operative to generate the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals as a function of the weight of the subject and time-varying glucose levels of the subject as represented by the glucose level signal over time, the controller employing a control algorithm including;
generating the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals based on (a) the glucose level signal, and (b) accumulation of insulin in the subject due to finite rate of utilization.
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Abstract
An augmented, adaptive algorithm utilizing model predictive control (MPC) is developed for closed-loop glucose control in type 1 diabetes. A linear empirical input-output subject model is used with an MPC algorithm to regulate blood glucose online, where the subject model is recursively adapted, and the control signal for delivery of insulin and a counter-regulatory agent such as glucagon is based solely on online glucose concentration measurements. The MPC signal is synthesized by optimizing an augmented objective function that minimizes local insulin accumulation in the subcutaneous depot and control signal aggressiveness, while simultaneously regulating glucose concentration to a preset reference set point. The mathematical formulation governing the subcutaneous accumulation of administered insulin is derived based on nominal temporal values pertaining to the pharmacokinetics (timecourse of activity) of insulin in human, in terms of its absorption rate, peak absorption time, and overall time of action.
398 Citations
32 Claims
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1. A system for automatic control of blood glucose level of a subject, comprising:
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a glucose sensor operative to continually sense a glucose level of the subject and generate a corresponding glucose level signal; a delivery device operative to deliver respective doses of insulin and a counter-regulatory agent to the subject in response to respective insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals; and a controller operative to generate the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals as a function of the weight of the subject and time-varying glucose levels of the subject as represented by the glucose level signal over time, the controller employing a control algorithm including; generating the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals based on (a) the glucose level signal, and (b) accumulation of insulin in the subject due to finite rate of utilization. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 29, 30)
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15. A method for automatic control of the blood glucose level of a subject, comprising:
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continually sensing a glucose level of the subject and generating a corresponding glucose level signal; operating a delivery device to deliver respective doses of insulin and counter-regulatory agent to the subject in response to respective insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals; and generating the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals as a function of the weight of the subject and time-varying glucose levels of the subject as represented by the glucose level signal over time, by a control algorithm including; generating the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals based on (a) the glucose level signal, and (b) accumulation of insulin in the subject due to finite rate of utilization. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 31, 32)
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27. A controller for use in a system for automatic control of blood glucose level of a subject, the controller being operative to generate insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals as a function of the weight of the subject and time-varying glucose levels of the subject as represented by an glucose level signal over time, the glucose level signal being generated by a glucose sensor operative to continually sense a glucose level of the subject, the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals controlling the delivery of respective doses of insulin and counter-regulatory agent to the subject by a delivery device, the controller employing a control algorithm including:
generating the insulin and counter-regulatory-agent dose control signals based on (a) the glucose level signal, and (b) accumulation of insulin in the subject due to finite rate of utilization.
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28. (canceled)
Specification