Metabolism- or Biochemical-Based Anti-Spoofing Biometrics Devices, Systems, and Methods

• US 20080226137A1
• Filed: 03/14/2008
• Published: 09/18/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: JB IP Acquisitions LLC
• Original Assignee: JB IP Acquisitions LLC
• Inventors: Fierro, Michael, Benaron, David A., Parachikov, Illian H.
• Application Number:
  US12/049,122
• Publication Number:
  US 20080226137A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 382/115
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/117 Identification of persons methods or arrangements for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints, G06F18/00, G06V40/00; identification of persons by analysing their voice or speech G10L17/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/417 the bone marrow
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/465 applied to biological material, e.g. in vitro testing
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1394 using acquisition arrangements

Abstract

A biometric device for detecting biological tissue based upon ratiometric measurements of metabolic and/or biochemical intermediates is provided in which a radiation source (103) is electromagnetically coupled to a target region (125). A radiation sensor (155) receives emission signals (128) from the target region as a result of emitted radiation (121) interacting with the target region. A CPU (167) receives a signal from the sensor, and provides a biometric output signal based upon the presence of live, healthy tissue versus sham or dead tissue. Optionally, a conventional, non-metabolism, non-biochemical-based biometric sensor can be incorporated into the present invention, and the biometric output signal is then a result of both the metabolism- and/or biochemical based and non-metabolism non-biochemical-based biometric determinations. A method of performing this biometric analysis is also described.

Claims

1. A metabolism-sensitive or biochemical-level-sensitive device comprising:

an electromagnetic source for radiating a target region with electromagnetic radiation, said radiation selected to be absorbed by selected metabolites or biochemical components;

a sensor configured to detect radiation backscattered or reemitted from said target region onto said sensor wherein said detected radiation preserves a signal related to said absorbance by said metabolites or biochemical components; and

a calculation unit configured to generate, based upon said detected radiation, an output signal that is a function of the degree, presence, or absence of living or biological tissue within said target region.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein said radiation source is a broadband white LED.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein said radiation sensor is a CCD arranged so as to be wavelength sensitive.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein said determined output signal is configured to be a function of tissue hemoglobin or myoglobin saturation.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein said radiation source is an MRI field, and said radiation detector is an MRI coil.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein said radiation source is an NMR field, and said radiation detector is an NMR coil.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein said sensor further comprises a non-metabolism, non-biochemical-based biometric sensor, and wherein said output signal is a function both of said degree, presence, or absence of said living tissue, and of said non-metabolism, non-biochemical-based biometric sensor.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein said non-metabolism-based biometric sensor is a fingerprint sensor.

9. The device of claim 7, wherein said non-metabolism-based biometric sensor is a retinal-vessel sensor.

10. A method of differentiating living metabolizing tissue from nonliving or sham tissue, comprising the steps of:

radiating a target region with electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic source;

detecting radiation backscattered or reemitted from the target region; and

determining, based upon the said detected radiation, a presence or absence of living tissue within the target region.

11. The method of claim 10 further including the steps of:

performing a non-metabolism-based biometric identification; and

determining a positive or negative biometric identification match based upon both the presence or absence of living tissue and the non-metabolism-based identification.

12. A biometric device for distinguishing between living and dead tissue, characterized in that:

selected metabolites or biochemical components in said tissue are detected and analyzed to determine whether the tissue is living or dead.

13. A biometric device for distinguishing between real and sham tissue, characterized in that:

selected metabolites or biochemical components in said tissue are detected and analyzed to determine whether the tissue is living or dead.

14. A security system for controlling access to an area, comprising:

a subject interface;

one or more devices comprising;

an electromagnetic source for radiating a target region of a subject with electromagnetic radiation, said radiation selected to be absorbed by selected metabolites or biochemical components; and

one or more sensors configured to detect radiation backscattered or reemitted from said target region onto said sensor wherein said detected radiation preserves a signal related to said absorbance by said metabolites or biochemical components; and

a microprocessor configured to analyze said signal and based upon said analysis to permit or deny access to said area.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said radiation source is a broadband white LED.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein said radiation sensor is a CCD arranged so as to be wavelength sensitive.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein said signal is configured to be a function of at least one of tissue hemoglobin, hemoglobin saturation, myoglobin content, fat content, water content;

or myoglobin saturation.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein said radiation source is an MRI field, and said radiation detector is an MRI coil.

19. The system of claim 14, wherein said radiation source is an NMR field, and said radiation detector is an NMR coil.