RFID READER WITH RECEIVER CLOCK DERIVED FROM TRANSMITTER OUTPUT

• US 20080238622A1
• Filed: 11/16/2007
• Published: 10/02/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Broadcom Corporation (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Rofougaran, Maryam, Rofougaran, Ahmadreza (Reza), Shameli, Amin
• Granted Patent: US 8,207,825 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 340/10.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/22 Capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/263 Multiple coils at either side
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/77 for interrogation

Abstract

An RFID reader is operable to receive an inbound RF signal during transmission of an outbound RF signal. The inbound RF signal may be a modulated, backscattered signal from a tag that has substantially the same frequency as the outbound RF signal or at a different frequency from the outbound RF signal. The receiver section of the RFID reader is operable to down convert the inbound RF signal by using a transmitter signal generated by the transmitter section to generate at least one local oscillation signal. The receiver section then processes and digitizes the down converted inbound RF signal to produce an encoded inbound signal.

Claims

1. A radio frequency identification (RFID) reader comprises:

a transmitter section that includes;

an oscillation module coupled to convert a reference oscillation into a radio frequency (RF) oscillation;

a power amplifier module coupled to amplify and to modulate the RF oscillation in accordance with outbound modulation information to produce an outbound RF signal;

a receiver section that includes;

a clock recovery circuit coupled to generate at least one local oscillation (LO) signal from the outbound RF signal;

a preprocessing module operable to process an inbound RF signal to produce a preprocessed inbound RF signal;

a mixing module coupled to mix the preprocessed inbound RF signal with the at least one LO signal to produce a down converted signal;

a post processing module operable to process the down converted signal to produce a baseband signal; and

an analog to digital conversion module coupled to convert the baseband signal into an encoded inbound signal.

2. The RFID reader of claim 1, wherein the clock recovery circuit comprises:

a phase shifter circuit coupled to convert the outbound RF signal into an in-phase LO signal and a quadrature LO signal.

3. The RFID reader of claim 2, wherein the mixing module comprises:

a splitter to split the preprocessed inbound RF signal into a first preprocessed inbound RF signal and a second preprocessed inbound RF signal;

a first mixer to mix the first preprocessed inbound RF signal with the in-phase LO signal to produce an in-phase component of the down converted signal; and

a second mixer to mix the second preprocessed inbound RF signal with the quadrature LO signal to produce a quadrature component of the down converted signal.

4. The RFID reader of claim 3, wherein the post processing module comprises:

one or more low pass filters operable to filter the in-phase component of the down converted signal and the quadrature component of the down converted signal to produce a desired near baseband signal, wherein the desired near baseband signal has a DC offset;

a DC cancellation module operable to substantially cancel the DC offset of the desired near baseband signal to produce a baseband signal; and

a variable gain amplifier to amplify the baseband signal.

5. The RFID reader of claim 4, further comprising:

an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes a far field antenna operable to transmit the outbound RF signal using RF coupling and receive the inbound RF signal using RF coupling.

6. The RFID reader of claim 1, wherein the clock recovery circuit comprises:

a limiter circuit coupled to convert the outbound RF signal into the LO signal.

7. The RFID reader of claim 6, wherein the mixing module comprises:

a mixer to mix the preprocessed inbound RF signal with the LO signal to produce the down converted signal.

8. The RFID reader of claim 7, wherein the post processing module comprises:

a low pass filter operable to filter the down converted signal to produce a desired near baseband signal, wherein the desired near baseband signal has a DC offset;

a DC cancellation module operable to substantially cancel the DC offset of the desired near baseband signal to produce a baseband signal; and

a variable gain amplifier to amplify the baseband signal.

9. The RFID reader of claim 8, further comprising:

an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes a near field coil antenna operable to transmit the outbound RF signal using inductive coupling and receive the inbound RF signal using inductive coupling.

10. The RFID reader of claim 1, further comprising:

a baseband processing module operable to;

convert outbound data into the outbound modulation information; and

convert the encoded inbound signal into inbound data.

11. A transceiver, comprising:

a transmitter section, including;

an oscillation module operable to generate a radio frequency (RF) oscillation signal; and

a power amplifier module coupled to amplify and to modulate the RF oscillation signal in accordance with outbound modulation information to generate an outbound RF signal; and

a receiver section, including;

a clock recovery circuit coupled to generate an in-phase local oscillation signal and a quadrature local oscillation signal from a signal generated by the transmitter section;

a preprocessing module operable to process an inbound RF signal to produce a preprocessed inbound RF signal, wherein the preprocessed inbound RF signal includes a desired RF signal component and a blocking RF signal component and wherein the blocking RF signal component includes a component of the outbound RF signal;

a mixing module operable to minimize the blocking RF signal component in the preprocessed inbound RF signal by mixing the preprocessed inbound RF signal with the in-phase local oscillation signal to produce an in-phase down converted signal and by mixing the preprocessed inbound RF signal with the quadrature local oscillation signal to produce a quadrature down converted signal;

a post processing module operable to process the in-phase down converted signal and the quadrature down converted signal to substantially remove the blocking RF signal component and produce a desired near baseband signal; and

an analog to digital conversion module coupled to convert the desired near baseband signal into an encoded inbound signal.

12. The transceiver of claim 11, wherein the signal generated by the transmitter section comprises the RF oscillation signal.

13. The transceiver of claim 11, wherein the signal generated by the transmitter section comprises the outbound RF signal.

14. The transceiver of claim 13, wherein the clock recovery circuit comprises:

a phase shifter circuit coupled to convert the RF oscillation signal into the in-phase local oscillation signal and the quadrature local oscillation signal.

15. The transceiver of claim 14, wherein the post processing module comprises:

a low pass filter operable to filter the in-phase down converted signal and the quadrature down converted signal to produce the desired near baseband signal, wherein the desired near band signal has a DC offset; and

a DC cancellation module operable to substantially cancel the DC offset of the desired near baseband signal; and

a variable gain amplifier to amplify the desired near baseband signal.

16. The transceiver of claim 15, wherein the outbound RF signal is at a first carrier frequency and the inbound RF signal is at a second carrier frequency.

17. The transceiver of claim 16, wherein the inbound RF signal is a modulated backscatter signal derived from the outbound RF signal and the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency are substantially the same frequency.

18. A radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, comprising:

a baseband processing module operable to generate outbound modulation information;

a transmitter section operable to convert the outbound modulation information into an outbound RF signal; and

a receiver section operable to;

generate at least one local oscillation (LO) signal from the outbound RF signal;

process an inbound RF signal to produce a preprocessed inbound RF signal;

mix the preprocessed inbound RF signal with the at least one LO signal to produce a down converted signal;

process the down converted signal to produce a baseband signal; and

convert the baseband signal into an encoded inbound signal.

19. The RFID reader of claim 18, wherein the receiver section is operable to:

convert the outbound RF signal into an in-phase LO signal and a quadrature LO signal.

20. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein receiver section is operable to:

split the preprocessed inbound RF signal into a first preprocessed inbound RF signal and a second preprocessed inbound RF signal;

mix the first preprocessed inbound RF signal with the in-phase LO signal to produce an in-phase component of the down converted signal; and

mix the second preprocessed inbound RF signal with the quadrature LO signal to produce a quadrature component of the down converted signal.

21. The RFID reader of claim 20, further comprising:

an antenna structure operable to transmit the outbound RF signal using RF coupling and receive the inbound RF signal using RF coupling.

22. The RFID reader of claim 18, wherein the receiver section is operable to:

filter the down converted signal to produce a desired near baseband signal, wherein the desired near baseband signal has a DC offset;

cancel the DC offset of the desired near baseband signal to produce a baseband signal; and

amplify the baseband signal.

23. The RFID reader of claim 22, further comprising:

an antenna structure operable to transmit the outbound RF signal using inductive coupling and receive the inbound RF signal using inductive coupling.