METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR AMMONIA PRODUCTION

• US 20080311022A1
• Filed: 06/14/2007
• Published: 12/18/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Battelle Energy Alliance LLC (Battelle Memorial Institute)
• Original Assignee: Battelle Energy Alliance LLC (Battelle Memorial Institute)
• Inventors: Carrington, Robert A., Boardman, Richard D., Stolworthy, Jason C., Wood, Richard A.
• Application Number:
  US11/763,323
• Publication Number:
  US 20080311022A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 423/359
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/104 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/047 Pressure swing adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 21/0494 Combined chemical and physical processing
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2210/0006 by reduction
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2210/001 by making use of membranes
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2210/0014 by adsorption in solids
• CPC Class Codes: C01C 1/0405 from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/133 Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/151 Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/52 using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Abstract

Processes for the production of ammonia may include the production of nitrogen from the combustion of a stream or slipstream of hydrogen mixed with air. Hydrogen used to produce the nitrogen for an ammonia combustion process may be generated from the electrolysis of water. Hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water may also be combined with nitrogen to produce ammonia. Apparatuses for the production of ammonia and constituents used to produce ammonia are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method for producing ammonia, comprising:

combining at least a first portion of a hydrogen stream with air;

combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen; and

combining the nitrogen with at least a second portion of the hydrogen stream to produce ammonia.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein combining at least a first portion of a hydrogen stream with air comprises feeding the air and the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream to a combustion process.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein combining at least a first portion of a hydrogen stream with air comprises feeding the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and air to a combustion process selected from the group consisting of a turbogenerator, a heat exchanger, and combinations thereof.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen comprises combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air in a combustion process configured to generate electricity from the combustion.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen in a combustion process configured to generate electricity comprises combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air in a combustion turbine.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen comprises combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air in a combustion process configured to recover heat from the combustion.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen comprises combusting the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream and the air to produce nitrogen and water vapor.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising drying the nitrogen to remove the water vapor.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein combining the nitrogen with at least a second portion of the hydrogen stream to produce ammonia comprises:

mixing the nitrogen and the at least a second portion of the hydrogen stream;

feeding the nitrogen and hydrogen mixture to a methanator;

compressing the nitrogen and hydrogen mixture from the methanator; and

generating ammonia from the compressed nitrogen and hydrogen mixture.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein mixing the nitrogen and the at least a second portion of the hydrogen stream comprises mixing the nitrogen and the at least second portion of the hydrogen stream in a ratio of one part nitrogen to three parts hydrogen.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising removing at least a portion of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air before combining the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream with the air.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein removing at least a portion of the oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air before combining the at least a first portion of the hydrogen stream with the air comprises passing the air through a pressure swing absorber or through a membrane.

13. A method for producing nitrogen, comprising:

combining a hydrogen stream and air; and

producing a moist nitrogen product comprising nitrogen by combusting the hydrogen stream and air.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein producing a moist nitrogen product by combusting the hydrogen stream and air comprises producing nitrogen and water vapor by combusting the hydrogen stream and air.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein producing a moist nitrogen product by combusting the hydrogen stream and air comprises producing nitrogen by combusting the air in an excess amount of hydrogen.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising drying the nitrogen to remove water vapor.

17. The method of claim 13, further comprising removing at least a portion of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air before combining the hydrogen stream and air.

18. The method of claim 13, further comprising producing ammonia from the nitrogen by combining the produced nitrogen with hydrogen.

19. An apparatus for producing ammonia, comprising:

at least one electrolytic cell configured to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen;

at least one renewable energy power source coupled to the at least one electrolytic cell to supply an electrical current to the at least one electrolytic cell;

at least one combustion apparatus configured to combust hydrogen produced by the at least one electrolytic cell with air to produce nitrogen; and

at least one ammonia generator configured to produce ammonia from nitrogen produced by the at least one combustion apparatus and hydrogen.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising at least one nitrogen drying apparatus coupled to the at least one combustion apparatus and configured to remove water vapor from the nitrogen produced by the at least one combustion apparatus.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one ammonia generator configured to produce ammonia from nitrogen produced by the at least one combustion apparatus and hydrogen comprises at least one ammonia generator configured to produce ammonia from nitrogen produced by the at least one combustion apparatus and hydrogen produced by the at least one electrolytic cell.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising an air separation apparatus configured to separate the nitrogen from the air.