System And Method For Creating And Trading A Digital Derivative Investment Instrument
First Claim
1. A method for conducting an auction, comprising:
- establishing parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for a selected financial instrument;
collecting and storing orders in an electronic database prior to an occurrence of the at least one potential state, the orders comprising at least one defined state, a size and a payout value associated with the selected financial instrument;
initiating a timer;
adjusting the payout value of the selected financial instrument corresponding to the size of orders entered by at least one market participant for the selected financial instrument before an expiration of the timer;
identifying the occurrence of the at least one defined state before the expiration of the timer;
determining an allocation percentage of the orders for allocating the selected financial instrument stored in the electronic database among market participants; and
allocating the orders having the adjusted payout value in the electronic database, wherein the adjusted payout value is zero for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before the expiration of the timer and wherein the sum of all adjusted payout values for orders having at least one defined state that did occur is less than or equal to a total payout value for all orders.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and system for auctioning an investment instrument that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the occurrence or non-occurrence of a contingent binary event is disclosed. The contingent binary event will have one of two possible outcomes. Tn a digital derivative contract, a long investor agrees to pay a short investor a contract amount in return for the short investor agreeing to pay the long investor one of two different settlement amounts depending on the outcome as the contingent binary event. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the digital derivative contract price. All of the digital derivative contracts that settle in-the-money may be funded by those that settle out-of-the-money.
55 Citations
36 Claims
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1. A method for conducting an auction, comprising:
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establishing parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for a selected financial instrument; collecting and storing orders in an electronic database prior to an occurrence of the at least one potential state, the orders comprising at least one defined state, a size and a payout value associated with the selected financial instrument; initiating a timer; adjusting the payout value of the selected financial instrument corresponding to the size of orders entered by at least one market participant for the selected financial instrument before an expiration of the timer; identifying the occurrence of the at least one defined state before the expiration of the timer; determining an allocation percentage of the orders for allocating the selected financial instrument stored in the electronic database among market participants; and allocating the orders having the adjusted payout value in the electronic database, wherein the adjusted payout value is zero for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before the expiration of the timer and wherein the sum of all adjusted payout values for orders having at least one defined state that did occur is less than or equal to a total payout value for all orders. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. An exchange configured for auctioning of a selected financial instrument by a combination of electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms, comprising:
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an interface for receiving an incoming order to purchase the selected financial instrument, the incoming order having a size and a payout value associated therewith; a book memory for storing a plurality of previously received orders, the previously received orders each having a size and a payout value associated therewith; a system memory for storing predefined condition parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for the selected financial instrument and allocating parameters for allocating orders among market participants; a timer adapted to time the auction, including a beginning and an expiration; a processor configured to allocate orders among the plurality of previously received orders in the book memory based on the condition and allocating parameters in the system memory, wherein the condition parameters include at least one parameter for identifying an occurrence of at least one defined state occurring before the expiration; and wherein the processor is further configured for calculating a zero payout value for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before the expiration of the timer and a greater than zero payout value for orders having at least one defined state that did occur, wherein the sum of all payout values for orders having at least one defined state that did occur is less than or equal to a total payout value for all orders. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. An auction system for the purchase or sale of a selected financial instrument in an exchange configured for auctioning of financial instruments by a combination of electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms, comprising:
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an electronic trade engine for receiving an incoming order to trade the selected financial instrument, the incoming order having a size and a payout value associated therewith; a database in communication with the electronic trade engine for storing a plurality of previously received orders, the previously received orders each having a size and a payout value associated therewith, the database also for storing predefined condition parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for the selected financial instrument and allocating parameters for allocating a payout to each order; a trade processor in communication with the database for analyzing and executing orders according to an allocation algorithm for allocating a payout to each order among the plurality of previously received orders in the database based on the condition and allocating parameters therein, wherein the condition parameters include at least one parameter for identifying an occurrence of at least one defined state before an expiration of a timer; and wherein the allocating parameters include parameters for calculating a zero payout value for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before the expiration of the timer and a greater than zero payout value for orders having at least one defined state that did occur, wherein the sum of all payout values for orders having at least one defined state that did occur is less than or equal to a total payout value for all orders, the allocating parameters allocating preferentially against orders with larger size.
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13. A computer-readable medium comprising processor executable program instructions for carrying out the following steps:
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establishing parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for a selected financial instrument; collecting and storing orders in an electronic database prior to an occurrence of the at least one potential state, the orders comprising at least one defined state, a size and a payout value associated with the selected financial instrument; initiating a timer; adjusting the payout value of the selected financial instrument corresponding to the size of orders entered by at least one market participant for the selected financial instrument before an expiration of the timer; identifying the occurrence of the at least one defined state before the expiration of the timer; determining an allocation percentage of the orders for allocating the selected financial instrument stored in the electronic database among market participants; and allocating the orders having the adjusted payout value in the electronic database, wherein the adjusted payout value is zero for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before the expiration of the timer and wherein the sum of all adjusted payout values for orders having at least one defined state that did occur is less than or equal to a total payout value for all orders. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of creating a financial instrument comprising:
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identifying a credit default rating service having a credit default rating scheme comprising a plurality of default categories; mapping the default categories to monetary values; identifying an entity which is rated by the credit default rating service; and creating a credit default derivative investment instrument whose value is determined at least in part by the monetary value to which the default category associated with the rated entity is mapped. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A credit default derivative investment instrument comprising:
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a value determined at least in part by a monetary value to which a default category associated with a rated entity is mapped; wherein the default category is one obtained from a credit default rating service having a credit default rating scheme that includes the default category, and wherein the default category has been associated with an entity by the credit default rating service.
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24. A method of creating a financial instrument comprising:
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identifying a credit default rating service having a credit default rating scheme comprising a plurality of default categories; identifying a default status of an entity, wherein the default status corresponds to an appropriate one of the plurality of default categories assigned by the credit default rating service to the entity; establishing a digital derivative contract in which an investor will receive one of a first settlement amount or a second settlement amount depending on whether a strike price of the digital derivative contract is less than, equal to, or greater than a value of the default status; and settling the digital derivative contract according to whether the strike price of the digital derivative contract is less than, equal to, or greater than the value of the default status at expiration of the digital derivative contract. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A computer-readable memory comprising processor executable program instructions for executing the steps of:
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identifying a reference entity subject to a potential credit event that includes a plurality of default categories, wherein the entity'"'"'s default status is assigned by associating an appropriate one of said plurality of default categories with the entity; establishing a digital derivative contract in which an investor will receive one of a first settlement amount and a second settlement amount depending on whether a strike price of the digital derivative contract is less than, equal to, or greater than a value of the default status; and settling the digital derivative contract according to whether the strike price of the digital derivative contract is less than, equal to, or greater than the value of the default status at expiration of the digital derivative contract.
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31. An exchange configured for trading a credit default derivative investment instrument by a combination of electronic and open-outcry trading mechanisms, comprising:
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an interface for receiving an incoming order to purchase the credit default derivative instrument, the incoming order having a size and a payout value associated therewith; a book memory for storing a plurality of previously received orders, the previously received orders each having a size and a payout value associated therewith; a system memory for storing predefined condition parameters for at least one defined state corresponding to at least one potential outcome for the credit default derivative instrument; and a processor adapted to allocate orders among the plurality of previously received orders in the book memory based on the condition parameters, wherein the condition parameters include at least one parameter for identifying an occurrence of at least one defined state occurring before the expiration; and the processor further adapted to calculate a zero payout value for orders having the at least one defined state that did not occur before an expiration of the credit default derivative instrument and a greater than zero payout value for orders having at least one defined state that did occur prior to the expiration of the credit default derivative instrument. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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Specification