SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN OPTIMAL TYPE AND POSITION OF AN IMPLANT

• US 20080319448A1
• Filed: 12/12/2007
• Published: 12/25/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Omnilife Science, Inc. (OrthoUnited, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Perception Raisonnement Action en Medecine
• Inventors: Plaskos, Christopher, Granchi, Carinne, Vertallier, Laurence, Lavallee, Stephane
• Granted Patent: US 8,214,016 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/102
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/256 having a database of accessory information, e.g. including context sensitive help or scientific articles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/365 augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/00 Computer-aided design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/50 for simulation or modelling of medical disorders

Abstract

A computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery system includes a device for generating a three dimensional geometrical surface model of a first bone and a database containing three 3 dimensional implant models of a plurality of available implants. The system includes a computer that is configured to permit a user to select from the database a first implant and display on a screen the three dimensional implant model of the first implant. The computer superimposes on the screen the implant model on top of the model of the first bone such that the two models are visually identifiable from one another.

Claims

1. A computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery system comprising:

a device for generating a three dimensional geometrical surface model of a first bone;

a database containing three dimensional implant models of a plurality of available implants; and

a computer that is configured to permit a user to select from the database a first implant and display on a screen the three dimensional implant model of the first implant, wherein the computer superimposes on the screen the implant model on top of the model of the first bone such that the two models are visually identifiable from one another and wherein differences between the two models are highlighted on the display in a visually identifiable manner.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer is configured to select from the database the implant model that has an optimal fit to the model of the first bone based on specific target criteria that is entered by the user.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the target criteria are one or more criteria selected from the group consisting of:

geometrical criteria;

matching criteria;

functionality criteria; and

morphology matching criteria.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein each implant model stored in the database is in the form of a three dimensional meshed surface.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the implant model is depicted on the screen with a first color and the model of the first bone is depicted on screen with a second color that is different from the first color and is visually distinguishable therefrom.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the implant model is depicted on the screen with a first transparency and the model of the first bone is depicted on screen with a second transparency that is different from the first transparency and provides two visually distinguishable objects,

7. The system of claim 2, wherein the computer is configured based on the generation of the model of the first bone to determine which areas, if any, of the first bone are worn or pathological and these areas are displayed on the screen so that the areas are visually distinguishable from both the other normal areas of the first bone and the implant model.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the computer weights or completely excludes the areas of the first bone that are worn or pathological less than the normal areas in optimizing the fit.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the areas of the first bone that are worn or pathological are depicted in a different color or transparency relative to the normal areas.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the three dimensional geometrical surface model of the first bone is provided by image-free means.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the differences between the two models are highlighted with a color map in which areas where the two models depart the greatest are graphically depicted with a first color intensity and areas where the two models depart the least are graphically depicted with a second color intensity that is less than first color intensity.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the differences between the two models are highlighted with a color map in which areas where the two models depart the greatest are graphically depicted with a first color and areas where the two models depart the least are graphically depicted with a second color that is less than first color.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the differences between the two models reflect a distance of separation between the two models in localized areas, such that the greater the degree of separation, the less optimal the fit between the two models.

24. The system of claim 1, wherein the first bone is a femur and the database of implants include femoral components of a total or partial knee replacement.

25. The system of claim 2, wherein the morphology matching criteria includes the area of the femoral trochlear groove.

14. A computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery system for joint reconstruction or resurfacing comprising:

a first device for determining an optimal type, size and location of an implant to be implanted in at least one bone of a joint;

a position determining device that is capable of tracking the movement of the at least one bone;

a computer that is configured to determine a global morphology of the first bone and to determine which areas of the morphology are pathologic and which are normal; and

means for comparing external surfaces of the implant to the normal bone morphology in order to select an optimal implant type from a database of available implants.

15. A method for performing computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery comprising the steps of:

performing bone morphing on a first bone to generate a bone morphology for the first bone;

selecting an implant based on at least one optimization criteria for implantation in the first bone; and

comparing and displaying graphically on a screen the differences between the morphology of the bone and a shape of the selected implant.

16. The method of claim 15, further including the step of:

displaying numerically on the screen the differences between the morphology of the bone and the shape of the selected implant.

17. The method of claim 15, further including the step of:

selecting from the database the implant model that has an optimal fit to the model of the first bone based on specific target criteria that is entered by the user.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the target criteria are one or more criteria selected from the group consisting of:

geometrical criteria;

matching criteria;

functionality criteria; and

morphology matching criteria.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of displaying graphically on a screen the differences between the morphology of the bone and a shape of the selected implant comprises the step of:

superimposing on the screen a three dimensional model of the selected implant on the bone morphology for the first bone.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of displaying graphically on a screen the differences between the morphology of the bone and a shape of the selected implant comprises the step of:

depicting a three dimensional model of the selected implant on the screen with a first color; and

depicting the bone morphology of the first bone on screen with a second color that is different from the first color and is visually distinguishable therefrom.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of displaying graphically on a screen the differences between the morphology of the bone and a shape of the selected implant comprises the step of:

depicting a three dimensional model of the selected implant on the screen with a first transparency; and

depicting the bone morphology of the first bone on the screen with a second transparency that is different from the first transparency and visually distinguishable.

22. The method of claim 15, further including the step of:

determining which areas, if any, of the first bone are worn or pathological and displaying these areas on the screen so that the worn or pathological areas are visually distinguishable from the other normal areas.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the areas of the first bone that are worn or pathological are depicted on the screen in a different color or transparency relative to the normal areas.