Device and methods for detecting and quantifying one or more target agents
First Claim
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1. A method of determining a presence of a target agent in a sample comprising:
- (a) mixing said sample with capture-associated oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent;
(b) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners facilitate separation of said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes from said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes to produce a second mixture comprising said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes and a third mixture comprising said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes;
(c) providing a detection device comprising oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said capture-associated oligos and said oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos;
(d) introducing said third mixture to said detection device; and
(e) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample.
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Abstract
The present invention provides a device and methods for the detection and quantification of one or more target agents in a sample by rapid and specific electrochemical detection. The present invention includes kits, devices and compositions capable of performing rapid, specific and accurate detection of one or more target agents in a sample.
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Citations
142 Claims
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1. A method of determining a presence of a target agent in a sample comprising:
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(a) mixing said sample with capture-associated oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent; (b) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners facilitate separation of said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes from said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes to produce a second mixture comprising said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes and a third mixture comprising said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes; (c) providing a detection device comprising oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said capture-associated oligos and said oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos; (d) introducing said third mixture to said detection device; and (e) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 65, 66)
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57. A method of determining a presence of a target agent in a sample comprising:
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(a) mixing said sample with capture-associated oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent; (b) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners specifically associate with said target agent or capture moiety/target agent complex, thereby immobilizing said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes in an immobilized phase and leaving said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes in a solution phase; (c) separating said solution phase from said immobilized phase; (d) hybridizing an intermediary oligo to said capture-associated oligo, wherein said intermediary oligo comprises a first region complementary to said capture-associated oligo and a second region, and further wherein hybridization of said intermediary oligo to said capture-associated oligo creates a restriction endonuclease recognition site; (e) adding a restriction endonuclease that cleaves at said restriction endonuclease recognition site, thereby releasing a portion of said intermediary oligo comprising said second region; (f) providing a detection device comprising oligos complementary to said second region of said intermediary oligo, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said second region and said oligos complementary to said second region; (d) introducing said portion of said intermediary oligo released in (e) to said detection device; and (e) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample. - View Dependent Claims (58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69)
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70. A method of determining a presence of a target agent in a sample comprising:
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(a) mixing said sample with capture-associated oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent; (b) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners facilitate separation of said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes from said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes to produce a second mixture comprising said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes and a third mixture comprising said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes; (c) adding an oligonucleotide comprising a polymerase recognition sequence to said third mixture, wherein said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes in said third mixture comprise a complement to said polymerase recognition sequence, thereby producing a double-stranded polymerase recognition site; (d) adding a polymerase and nucleotides to said third mixture under conditions to allow amplification of said capture-associated oligo to produce amplified oligos; (e) providing a detection device comprising oligos complementary to said amplified oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said amplified oligos and said oligos complementary to said amplified oligos; (d) introducing said third mixture to said detection device; and (e) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample. - View Dependent Claims (71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94)
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95. A method for selecting universal oligo pairs comprising:
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(a) generating a candidate oligo of length X; (b) screening said candidate oligo against one or more reference sequences to determine sequence similarity; (c) discarding said candidate oligo if said sequence similarity is at or above a first threshold; (d) extending the length of said candidate oligo if said sequence similarity is below said first threshold to produce an extended candidate oligo; (e) screening said extended candidate oligo against one or more reference sequences to determine sequence similarity; (e) discarding said extended candidate oligo if said sequence similarity is at or above a second threshold; (g) extending the length of said extended candidate oligo if said sequence similarity is below said second threshold; (h) repeating steps (e) through (g) until said extended candidate oligo has a length Y, where Y>
25, thereby producing a candidate oligo of length Y;(i) placing said candidate oligo of length Y in a first group; (j) repeating steps (a) through (i) until a desired number of candidate oligos of length Y populate said first group, wherein any oligos in or added to said first group are first group oligos; (k) generating complementary oligos to said first group oligos; (l) adding said complementary oligos to said first group, thereby creating first group oligo pairs, each of which comprises one of said candidate oligos of length Y and a complementary oligo thereto generated in step (k); (m) screening each of said first group oligo pairs for sequence similarity against all other of said first group oligo pairs; (n) discarding each of said first group oligo pairs that has sequence similarity to another of said first group oligo pairs at or above a third threshold; and (o) adding each of said first group oligo pairs that is not discarded in step (n) to a second group, wherein each of said first group oligo pairs added to said second group is a universal oligo pair, and wherein said second group is a universal oligo set. - View Dependent Claims (96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101)
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102. A method for selecting a universal oligo pairs comprising:
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(a) generating a candidate oligo of length X; (b) calculating a GC content of said candidate oligo, wherein if said GC content is outside of a first threshold said candidate oligo is discarded and a new candidate oligo is generated in (a), and wherein if said GC content is inside of said first threshold said candidate oligo is a GC-approved oligo; (c) screening said GC-approved oligo for a mononucleotide repeat whose length exceeds a second threshold, wherein if said mononucleotide repeat whose length exceeds said second threshold occurs said GC-approved oligo is discarded and a new candidate oligo is generated in (a), and wherein if said mononucleotide repeat whose length exceeds said second threshold does not occur said GC-approved oligo is a repeat-approved oligo; (d) performing a further screening of said repeat-approved oligo, wherein if said repeat-approved oligo does not pass said further screening such repeat-approved oligo is discarded and a new candidate oligo is generated in (a), and wherein if said repeat-approved oligo passes said further screening said repeat-approved oligo is a further screening-approved oligo; (e) screening said further screening-approved oligo against one or more reference sequences to determine sequence similarity, (f) discarding said screening-approved oligo if said sequence similarity is at or above a third threshold; (g) placing said screening-approved oligo in a first group if said sequence similarity is below said third threshold; (h) repeating steps (a) through (g) until a desired number of screening-approved oligos populate said first group, wherein any oligos in or added to said first group are first group oligos; (i) generating complementary oligos to said first group oligos; (j) adding said complementary oligos to said first group, thereby creating first group oligo pairs, each of which comprises one of said screening-approved oligos and a complementary oligo thereto generated in step (i); (k) screening each of said first group oligo pairs for sequence similarity against all other of said first group oligo pairs; (l) discarding each of said first group oligo pairs that has sequence similarity to another of said first group oligo pairs at or above a fourth threshold; and (m) adding each of said first group oligo pairs that is not discarded in step (l) to a second group, wherein each of said first group oligo pairs added to said second group is a universal oligo pair, and wherein said second group is a universal oligo set. - View Dependent Claims (103, 104, 105, 106)
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107. A universal oligo comprising a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO 1 through SEQ ID NO 200.
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108. A universal oligo set comprising two or more sequences selected from SEQ ID NO 1 through SEQ ID NO 200.
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109. A method for using a universal oligo chip to determine a presence of a target agent in a sample by electrochemical detection, said method comprising:
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(a) mixing said sample with capture-associated universal oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated universal oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated universal oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent; (b) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners specifically interact with said unreacted capture-associated universal oligo complexes, thereby immobilizing said unreacted capture-associated universal oligo complexes in an immobilized phase and leaving said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes in a solution phase; (c) providing a detection device comprising universal oligos complementary to said capture-associated universal oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said capture-associated universal oligos and said universal oligos complementary to said capture-associated universal oligos; (d) introducing said solution phase to said detection device; and (e) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample.
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110. A composition comprising
(a) an electrode; -
(b) an electrode-associated oligo hybridized to a capture-associated oligo; (c) a capture moiety conjugated to said capture-associated oligo; and (d) a target agent bound to said capture moiety. - View Dependent Claims (111, 112, 113)
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- 114. A biosensor comprising at least one electrode and current or impedance measuring elements, where said measuring elements are enabled to detect changes in current or impedance in response to the presence of a reaction produced when a detection moiety is brought within proximity to said electrode.
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124. A system for determining a presence of a target agent in a sample comprising:
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(a) a sample containing said target agent; (b) capture-associated oligos conjugated to capture moieties specific for said target agent; (c) electrode-associated oligos that are complementary to said capture-associated oligos or complements thereto; (d) immobilized binding partners; and (e) a surface comprising at least one electrode, whereon said electrode associated oligos are attached. - View Dependent Claims (125, 126, 127)
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128. A diagnostic tool for detecting a target agent in a sample, comprising:
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(a) a capture moiety which binds preferentially to a target agent; (b) a first nucleic acid associated with said capture moiety, and (c) a recognition sequence in said first nucleic acid for linear amplification of said first nucleic acid, wherein said first nucleic acid comprises a sequence substantially the same as a sequence of a second nucleic acid associated with an electrode. - View Dependent Claims (129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134)
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135. A kit for use in detecting the presence of a target agent in a sample, said kit comprising:
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a biosensor comprising at least one disposable electrode and current or impedance measuring elements, wherein said at least one disposable electrode comprises a conductive detection surface, and a mixed monolayer comprising anchoring groups conjugated to electrode-associated oligos and diluent groups; a first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule that is complementary to a second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, where said first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is immobilized on said biosensor, and further where said second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is conjugated to a capture moiety specific for said target agent; at least one immobilized binding partner; and at least one container.
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136. A kit for use in detecting the presence of a target agent in a sample, said kit comprising:
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a biosensor comprising at least one disposable electrode and current or impedance measuring elements, wherein said at least one disposable electrode comprises a conductive detection surface, and a mixed monolayer comprising anchoring groups conjugated to electrode-associated oligos and diluent groups; a first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule that is complementary to a second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, where said first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is immobilized on said biosensor, and further where said second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is conjugated to a capture moiety specific for said target agent; at least one immobilized binding partner; and at least one container.
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137. A method of electrochemically detecting and quantifying a presence of a target agent of interest in a sample comprising:
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(a) mixing; (i) said sample with at least one loaded scaffold comprising a capture-associated universal oligo, a capture moiety specific for said target agent of interest and a scaffold; and (ii) a sample suspected of containing said target agent of interest, thereby producing a mixture comprising reacted loaded scaffolds and unreacted loaded scaffolds; (b) contacting the mixture of step (a)(ii) with immobilized binding partners to said capture moieties of said loaded scaffolds so as to allow any of said unreacted loaded scaffolds to bind with said immobilized binding partners resulting in an immobilized phase and a solution phase; (c) separating the immobilized phase and solution phase; (d) providing an electrochemical detection device comprising electrodes, electrode-associated universal oligos, and a circuit, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said electrode-associated universal oligos and other nucleic acid molecules; (e) introducing said solution phase from step (c) to the electrochemical detection device from step (d); and (h) detecting an electrochemical signal generated by capture-associated universal oligos from said reacted loaded scaffolds and electrode-associated universal oligos.
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138. A method of electrochemically detecting and quantify a presence of a target agent of interest in a sample comprising:
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(a) mixing; (i) said sample with a loaded scaffold comprising a capture-associated universal oligo, a capture moiety specific for said target agent of interest and a scaffold; and (ii) a sample suspected of containing said target agent of interest, thereby producing a mixture comprising reacted loaded scaffolds and unreacted loaded scaffolds; (b) contacting the mixture of step (a) with immobilized binding partners to said target agents or to capture moiety/target agent complexes so as to allow any of said reacted loaded scaffolds to bind with said immobilized binding partners resulting in an immobilized phase and a solution phase; (c) separating the immobilized phase and solution phase; (d) providing an electrochemical detection device comprising electrodes, electrode-associated universal oligos, and a circuit, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said electrode-associated universal oligos and other nucleic acid molecules; (e) liberating said capture-associated universal oligos into a second solution phase from said immobilized phase; (f) introducing said solution phase from step (e) to the electrochemical detection device from step (d); and (h) detecting an electrochemical signal generated by capture-associated universal oligos and electrode-associated universal oligos.
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139. A method of doing business, said method comprising use of a electrical signal to determine appropriate medical intervention for a patient, said method comprising:
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(a) obtaining a sample from a patient whereby a target agent may be present in said sample; (b) mixing said sample with capture-associated oligos conjugated moieties specific for said target agent, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are associated with said target agent and unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes that are not associated with said target agent; (c) contacting said first mixture with immobilized binding partners, wherein said immobilized binding partners facilitate separation of said unreacted capture-associated oligo complexes from said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes to produce a second mixture comprising said reacted capture-associated oligo complexes; (d) providing a detection device comprising oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said capture-associated universal oligos and said oligos; (e) introducing said third mixture to said detection device; (f) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target agent in said sample; and (g) determining the appropriate medical intervention for the patient based upon the presence or absence of said target agent in said sample.
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140. An electrical signal used to determine appropriate medical intervention for a patient, whereby said electrical signal is indicative of the concentration of a target agent in a sample taken from said patient;
- where the concentration of said target agent is calculated by a software algorithm that correlates the magnitude of said electrical signal of the magnitude of a second electrical signal from a pre-determined set of quantifying target agent; and
where said electrical signal is dependent upon the presence of an electrode, an electrode-associated oligo hybridized to a capture-associated oligo, a capture moiety conjugated to said capture-associated oligo and a target agent bound to said capture moiety.
- where the concentration of said target agent is calculated by a software algorithm that correlates the magnitude of said electrical signal of the magnitude of a second electrical signal from a pre-determined set of quantifying target agent; and
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141. A detection device comprising:
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one or more electrochemical chips, electrode-associated oligos complementary to capture-associated oligos, a signaling generator for producing a signal upon occurrence of a hybridization event between said capture-associated oligos and said electrode-associated oligos, a receiver for receiving said signal a processor for processing said signal, and a display for displaying the results of said processing.
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142. A method of determining a presence of a target nucleic acid in a sample wherein said target nucleic acid is not contacted with a detection device, comprising:
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(a) providing hybrid oligos, each of which comprises
1) a region complementary to a target nucleic acid and ii) a capture-associated oligo;(b) mixing said sample with said hybrid oligos, thereby producing a first mixture comprising reacted hybrid oligo complexes that are associated with said target nucleic acid and unreacted hybrid oligo complexes that are not associated with said target nucleic acid; (c) contacting said first mixture with a polymerase and nucleotides under conditions to facilitate creation of double-stranded target nucleic acid on said reacted hybrid oligo complexes to create a second mixture; (d) exposing said second mixture to a hydroxyapatite matrix, wherein said hydroxyapatite matrix facilitates separation of said double-stranded target nucleic acid on said reacted hybrid oligo complexes from single-stranded nucleic acid species in said second mixture; (e) removing said single-stranded nucleic acid species from said hydroxyapatite matrix and discarding; (f) removing said double-stranded target nucleic acid on said reacted hybrid oligo complexes from said hydroxyapatite matrix; (g) separating said capture-associated oligos from said reacted hybrid oligo complexes removed from said hydroxyapatite matrix in step (f); (h) providing said detection device comprising oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos, wherein said detection device produces a signal if there is a hybridization event between said capture-associated oligos and said oligos complementary to said capture-associated oligos; (i) introducing said capture-associated oligos to said detection device; and (j) detecting said signal, wherein said signal is indicative of said presence of said target nucleic acid in said sample.
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Specification