Gaming chips and table game security system

• US 20090042642A1
• Filed: 08/04/2008
• Published: 02/12/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: David Nissen
• Original Assignee: David Nissen
• Inventors: Nissen, David
• Granted Patent: US 9,589,220 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 463/25
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2003/00703 Tokens or chips
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/067 Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/3227 Configuring a gaming machine, e.g. downloading personal settings, selecting working parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/3251 involving media of variable value, e.g. programmable cards, programmable tokens

Abstract

Gaming chips are provided with embedded radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tags incorporated into a gaming chip for identifying and tracking the gaming chips within a casino, and even upon a gaming table. The gaming chips have a body in the shape of a disc which has a loss tangent of 0.0078 or less, and more preferably of 0.007 or less. For chips operating at 900 MHz, the body has a dielectric constant of 5 or less, and preferably 3-5. For chips operating at 2.45 GHz, the body has a dielectric constant of 5-8. Preferably, the body is made of a blend of plastic, such as PVC, and a dielectric ceramic. The RFID is preferably sandwiched between layers of a high frequency circuit material including top and bottom layers and a center layer have a hole for receiving the RFID. Preferably, the layers of high frequency circuit material have a dielectric constant of 2.5-4 and a loss tangent of 0.002-0.006.

Claims

1. A gaming chip comprising:

a body in the shape of a disc, said body having a loss tangent of 0.0078 or less;

an RFID transmitter embedded within said body.

2. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 5-8; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 2.45 GHz+/−

50 MHz.

3. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 5 or less; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

4. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 3-5; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

5. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic.

6. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium titinate, zinc oxide, zirconium barium titanate, strontium titanate (ST), calcium titanate (CT), magnesium titanate (MT), calcium magnesium titanate (CMT), zinc titanate (ZT), lanthanum titanate (TLT), and neodymium titanate (TNT), barium zirconate (BZ), calcium zirconate (CZ), lead magnesium niobate (PMN), lead zinc niobate (PZN), lithium niobate (LN), barium stannate (BS), calcium stannate (CS), magnesium aluminium silicate, magnesium silicate, barium tantalate, titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, zirconia, silica, sapphire, beryllium oxide, and zirconium tin titanate and combinations thereof.

7. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium titinate, zinc oxide, and combinations thereof; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

8. The gaming chip of claim 1 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of barium zirconate, barium titonate and barium sulphate, and combinations thereof; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 2.45 GHz+/−

50 MHz.

9. A gaming chip comprising:

a body in the shape of a disc, said body comprising a plastic and a dielectric ceramic and having a loss tangent of 0.007 or less;

an RFID transmitter embedded within said body.

10. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 5-8; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 2.45 GHz+/−

50 MHz.

11. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 5 or less; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

12. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body has a dielectric constant of 3-5; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

13. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic.

14. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium titinate, zinc oxide, zirconium barium titanate, strontium titanate (ST), calcium titanate (CT), magnesium titanate (MT), calcium magnesium titanate (CMT), zinc titanate (ZT), lanthanum titanate (TLT), and neodymium titanate (TNT), barium zirconate (BZ), calcium zirconate (CZ), lead magnesium niobate (PMN), lead zinc niobate (PZN), lithium niobate (LN), barium stannate (BS), calcium stannate (CS), magnesium aluminium silicate, magnesium silicate, barium tantalate, titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, zirconia, silica, sapphire, beryllium oxide, and zirconium tin titanate and combinations thereof.

15. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium titinate, zinc oxide, and combinations thereof; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

16. The gaming chip of claim 9 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of barium zirconate, barium titonate and barium sulphate, and combinations thereof; and

said RFID operates in a frequency band of 2.45 GHz+/−

50 MHz.

17. A gaming chip comprising:

a body in the shape of a disc, said body comprising a plastic and a dielectric ceramic, said body having a loss tangent of 0.0078 or less and a dielectric constant of 3-5; and

an RFID transmitter embedded within said body operates in a frequency band of 915 MHz+/−

13 MHz.

18. The gaming chip of claim 17 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium titinate, zinc oxide, and combinations thereof.

19. A gaming chip comprising:

a body in the shape of a disc, said body comprising a plastic and a dielectric ceramic, said body having a loss tangent of 0.0078 or less and a dielectric constant of 5-8; and

an RFID transmitter embedded within said body operates in a frequency band of 2.45 GHz+/−

50 MHz.

20. The gaming chip of claim 19 wherein:

said body comprises a plastic and a dielectric ceramic selected from the group consisting of barium zirconate, barium titonate and barium sulphate, and combinations thereof.