Power set for vehicles

• US 20090055061A1
• Filed: 09/05/2008
• Published: 02/26/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raphael Zhu
• Original Assignee: Raphael Zhu
• Inventors: Zhu, Raphael
• Granted Patent: US 7,806,796 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 701/55
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/48 Parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/16 DC brushless machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/0866 Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/0873 with switching, e.g. to change ranges
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2200/0034 the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2200/2005 with one sets of orbital gears
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 3/54 one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 47/04 the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/4096 with pressure accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/421 Motor capacity control by electro-hydraulic control means, e.g. using solenoid valves
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/431 Pump capacity control by electro-hydraulic control means, e.g. using solenoid valves
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A power device for motor vehicles installed on a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine is composed of a first variable displacement hydraulic activator (107), a second variable displacement hydraulic activator (108), a planetary gear mechanism (103) and a mechanical transmission (104). The power device further includes a hydraulic control device (109) and an electronic control device (112) which are used to control the first and second variable displacement hydraulic activators. The control device may carry out the following controls, that is, during the period when the engine outputs power, part of mechanical energy is converted into electric energy via the motor to be stored in the chargeable cell when the power requirement from the motor vehicle increases.

Claims

1. A power device for motor vehicles, comprising

a planetary gear mechanism, which has an input side, an output side and a control terminal, wherein the said input side is connected to the output shaft of the motor vehicle'"'"'s engine, and the said output side is connected to a power output shaft of the power device for motor vehicles via a mechanical transmission mechanism;

a first variable displacement hydraulic actuator, which is connected to the control terminal of the planetary gear mechanism and is connected to an oil tank via hydraulic lines;

a second variable displacement hydraulic actuator, the rotation shaft of which is connected to the power output shaft of the power device for motor vehicles, and which performs power input or output via the said power output shaft and is connected to the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and the oil tank via hydraulic lines, respectively;

an electronic control device, which collects operation parameters of the automobile and control parameters over the automobile, and output control signals according to these parameters;

the said first and second variable displacement hydraulic actuators carry out variable displacement adjustments in response to the control signals from the electronic control device;

a hydraulic control device, which is arranged on the hydraulic lines and controls the operating states of the first and second variable displacement hydraulic actuators in response to the control signals from the electronic control device.

2. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said planetary gear mechanism is a single row NGW or NW planetary gear mechanism;

the single row planetary gear mechanism consists of a sun gear, a planetary gear and planet carrier, and a ring gear, wherein the sun gear is the said control terminal, the planet carrier and the ring gear are respectively the said output side or the said input side;

between any two of the input side, the output side and the control terminal is at least provided with one first clutching device;

the first clutching device carries out clutching actions in response to the control signals from the electronic control device so as to regulate the planetary gear mechanism to switch between different transmission ratios.

3. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said planetary gear mechanism is one with two or more row planetary gear mechanisms in serial;

between any two of the input side, the output side and the control terminal of each row planetary gear mechanism is provided with a first clutching device; and

the one with two or more row planetary gear mechanisms in serial is provided with at least two control terminals, one of which is connected to the said first variable displacement hydraulic actuator, and the other of which is connected to the casing of the power device for motor vehicles via a second clutching device;

the first and second clutching device carry out clutching actions in response to the control signals from the electronic control device so as to regulate the planetary gear mechanism to switch between different transmission ratios.

4. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said mechanical transmission mechanism consists of parallel two or more stage shifting gear pairs;

between the two or more stage shifting gear pairs and the output side of the planetary gear mechanism is respectively provided with an overrunning clutch; and

between the parallel two or more stage shifting gear pairs is respectively provided with a second clutching device;

the overrunning clutch and the second clutching device adjust the transmission ratios of the said mechanical transmission mechanism through clutching action, respectively.

5. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said first and second variable displacement hydraulic actuators are duplex bidirectional variable displacement hydraulic pumps/motors.

6. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said hydraulic control device consists of a first electromagnetic directional valve connected to the high pressure oil port of the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and a second electromagnetic directional valve connected to the high pressure oil port of the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator;

the first electromagnetic directional valve communicates the high pressure oil port of the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator with hydraulic lines which are directly connected to the oil tank or with hydraulic lines which are connected to the second electromagnetic directional valve in response to the control signals from the electronic control device;

the second electromagnetic directional valve communicates the high pressure oil port of the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator with hydraulic lines which are directly connected to the oil tank or with hydraulic lines which are connected to the first electromagnetic directional valve in response to the control signals from the electronic control device.

7. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, high pressure oil ports of the said first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and the said second variable displacement hydraulic actuator are connected to the oil tank via hydraulic lines and a relief valve, low pressure oil ports of the said first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and the said second variable displacement hydraulic actuator are connected via hydraulic lines and are connected to the oil tank via a heat sink,

oil relief ports of the first and second variable displacement hydraulic actuators are each connected to the oil tank via a filter.

8. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and the said second variable displacement hydraulic actuator are connected to a hydraulic energy storage via said hydraulic control device;

the hydraulic energy storage can not only absorb and store hydraulic energy output from the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and/or the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator;

but also output hydraulic energy to the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and/or the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator.

9. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, the said hydraulic energy storage is a bladder type accumulator, or split bladder type accumulator which consists of two pressure vessels with the gas ways thereof being communicated;

one of the two pressure vessel is provided with an bladder therein.

10. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, the said power device for motor vehicles further comprises a hydraulic power assisted steering device, a hydraulic power assisted braking device and a hydraulic motor driven airconditioner, the high pressure oil input of which is connected to the said hydraulic energy storage.

11. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the said electronic control device is connected to a position sensor which measures the position parameter of the ignition switch of the automobile, a position sensor which measures the position parameter of the accelerator pedal, a position sensor which measures the position parameter of the mechanical braking pedal, displacement sensors which measure displacement parameters of the first and second variable displacement hydraulic actuators, a pressure sensor which measures a pressure of lubricant, a temperature sensor which measures temperature of the cooling water in the engine, an automobile velocity sensor which measures a parameter of the automobile velocity and an engine rotation speed sensor which measures a parameter of the engine rotation speed;

a universal characteristic profile of the engine is stored in the said electronic control device.

12. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the power device for motor vehicles further includes an electric motor/generator which is connected to any one component of the planetary gear mechanism in the power device for motor vehicles, the electric motor/generator is connected to a chargeable battery cell via a motor/generator controller;

the chargeable battery cell is connected to an onboard cell manager; and

the motor controller and the onboard battery cell manager control the motor/generator and the chargeable battery cell, respectively, in response to the control signals from the electronic control device.

13. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, the said chargeable cell is connected to a plug-in power supply via an onboard smart charger, the said plug-in power supply is a power supply in a parking lot with functions of electricity metering and toll tallying.

14. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the said electronic control device can carry out the following controls, that is, when the automobile is started and accelerated and the accelerator pedal is stepped on, the electronic control device controls the first electromagnetic directional valve and the second electromagnetic directional valve to communicate the hydraulic lines of the first and second hydraulic actuators, and cooperatively adjusts the engine throttle;

the electronic control device obtains the value of the engine output torque from the universal characteristic profile of the engine according to the opening degree of the throttle and the rotation speed of the engine, calculates the torque of the sun gear according to a torque relationship equations for the planetary gear train, calculates a displacement value of the first hydraulic actuator under the rating pressure;

the electronic control device outputs signals to control the variable displacement mechanism of the first hydraulic actuator, and the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator outputs pressurized oil accordingly, the rotation shaft of the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator is driven to rotate and output torque, the output of the rotation shaft amounts to the sum of the driving torque of the planetary gear train and the torque output from the hydraulic motor;

the automobile is accelerated, and the displacement of the second hydraulic actuator is automatically controlled by the pressure at the high pressure oil port, that is, its displacement increases if the pressure increases and decreases if the pressure decreases, and when the pressure is 0, the displacement is 0.

15. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, when the automobile velocity reaches a predetermined value, the control device performs the following controls, that is, the second electromagnetic directional valve is controlled such that the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator is directly connected to the oil tank and thus the connection to the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator is disconnected, in this way, the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator is braked, and the control terminal of the planetary gear mechanism is locked and the planetary gear mechanism performs transmission at a fixed speed ratio;

or the control device controls the clutching device in the planetary gear mechanism such that the planetary gear mechanism performs transmission as a rigid body.

16. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, the said control device can carry out the following controls, that is, when the load of the motor vehicle is relatively low, a part of the mechanical power output from the said planetary gear mechanism is transferred to the power output shaft via the mechanical transmission device to drive the motor vehicle to travel, another part controls the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and/or the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator by the hydraulic control device so as to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to be stored in the hydraulic energy storage;

when the power requirement from the motor vehicle increases, the hydraulic control device controls the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and/or the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator so as to convert hydraulic energy stored in the hydraulic energy storage into mechanical energy, in this way to assist the engine to drive the motor vehicle to travel;

alternatively, when the hydraulic energy stored in the hydraulic energy storage hits a predetermined upper limit value, the power output from the engine is interrupted, and the first variable displacement hydraulic actuator and/or the second variable displacement hydraulic actuator are/is directly controlled by the hydraulic control device so as to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, in this way to drive the motor vehicle to travel;

when hydraulic energy stored in the hydraulic energy storage could not meet the power requirement, the power output from the engine is resumed, and a next conversion cycle between hydraulic energy and mechanical energy is started.

17. A power device for motor vehicles as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, the said control device can carry out the following controls, that is, during the period when the engine outputs power, a part of the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy via the electric motor/generator to be stored in the chargeable battery cell;

when the power requirement from the motor vehicle increases, the electric motor/generator is controlled via the electric motor/generator controller to convert battery cell'"'"'s electric energy into mechanical power, in this way to assist the engine to drive the motor vehicle to travel;

or alternatively, during the stop and go period let the engine stop outputting power, the electric motor/generator is controlled to output mechanical power to drive the motor vehicle to travel.