Process for making a two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant

• US 20090062168A1
• Filed: 08/27/2007
• Published: 03/05/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/27/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Chevron USA Incorporated (Chevron Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Chevron USA Incorporated (Chevron Corp.)
• Inventors: Rosenbaum, John M., Miller, Stephen J., Bertrand, Nancy J., Timar, Joseph, Pudlak, Joseph
• Application Number:
  US11/845,609
• Publication Number:
  US 20090062168A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 508/591
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/1003 Waste materials
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/1011 Biomass
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/1022 Fischer-Tropsch products
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/1025 Natural gas
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/302 Viscosity
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/304 Pour point, cloud point, cold flow properties
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/44 Solvents
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2300/80 Additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 2400/10 Lubricating oil
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 111/04 at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/04 Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1025 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/0225 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/0265 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/163 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/173 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/011 Cloud point
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/02 Viscosity; Viscosity index
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/02 Pour-point; Viscosity index
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/52 Base number [TBN]
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/74 : Noack Volatility
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/26 : Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 30/20 : using bio-feedstock

Abstract

A process to prepare a lubricating oil meeting JASO M345:2003 requirements, comprising: hydroisomerization dewaxing a feed to produce a base oil and blending the base oil with less than 5 wt % solvent and a detergent/dispersant additive package. A process for making lubricating oil, comprising blending together a pour point reduced base oil blend with a detergent/dispersant additive package, a smoke-suppression agent, optionally a pour point depressant, and optionally less than about 5 wt % hydrocarbon solvent, whereby a two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant is produced. A process to make a two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant, comprising preparing a pour point reducing blend component by isomerizing a feed, blending it with a light distillate base oil to produce a pour point reduced base oil blend, and blending the pour point reduced base oil blend with a detergent/dispersant additive package and less than 5 wt % solvent. A lubricating oil made by the process described herein.

Claims

1. A process to prepare a lubricating oil, comprising:

a. hydroisomerization dewaxing a substantially paraffinic wax feed, whereby a lubricating base oil is produced; and

b. blending one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with;

i. less than about 5 wt. % based on the total lubricating oil composition of a hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C., and

ii. a detergent/dispersant additive package;

whereby the lubricating oil meets the requirements of JASO M345;

2003.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein the substantially paraffinic wax feed is Fischer-Tropsch derived.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein a feedstock for a Fischer-Tropsch process used to produce the substantially paraffinic wax feed is a hydrocarbonaceous resource selected from the group of biomass, natural gas, coal, shale oil, petroleum, municipal waste, derivatives of these, and combinations thereof.

4. The process of claim 1, wherein the hydroisomerization dewaxing uses a catalyst comprising a shape selective intermediate pore size molecular sieve, a noble metal hydrogenation component, and a refractory oxide support.

5. The process of claim 4, wherein the shape selective intermediate pore size molecular sieve is selected from the group consisting of SAPO-11, SAPO-31, SAPO-41, SM 3, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, SSZ-32 offretite, ferrierite, and combinations thereof.

6. The process of claim 4, wherein the noble metal hydrogenation component is platinum, palladium, or combinations thereof.

7. The process of claim 1, comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with less than about 2 wt % based on the total lubricating oil composition of a hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C.

8. The process of claim 7 comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with essentially no hydrocarbon solvent.

9. The process of claim 1, additionally comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with a smoke-suppression agent selected from the group of polybutene, polyisobutylene, and mixtures thereof.

10. The process of claim 1 additionally comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with a pour point depressant.

11. The process of claim 1, additionally comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with a pour point reducing blend component.

12. The process of claim 1, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. between about 1.5 and about 3.5 mm²/s.

13. The process of claim 1, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have a Noack volatility of less than 90 wt %.

14. The process of claim 13, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have a kinematic viscosity between 1.5 and 4.0 mm²/s and a Noack volatility less than a Noack Volatility Factor (1)=160−

(40×

kinematic viscosity at 100°

C.).

15. The process of claim 14, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have a kinematic viscosity between 2.09 and 4.0 mm²/s and a Noack volatility less than a Noack Volatility Factor (2)=(900×

(kinematic viscosity at 100°

C.)<sup>−

2.8</sup>)−

15.

16. The process of claim 1, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have greater than about 90 wt % paraffinic carbon and less than 0.01 wt % aromatic carbon by ASTM D3238-95 (2005).

17. The process of claim 1 wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have an Oxidator BN greater than 35 hours.

18. The process of claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil has a flash point by ASTM D92-05a greater than 120°

C.

19. The process of claim 1, wherein the lubricating base oil has a viscosity index greater than 28×

Ln(KineMatic Viscosity at 100°

C.)+95.

20. A process for making a lubricating oil, comprising:

a. blending together;

i. one or more fractions of base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. between about 1.5 and about 3.5 mm²/s, and

ii. a pour point reducing blend component, to produce a pour point reduced base oil blend;

b. adding to the pour point reduced base oil blend;

i. a;

detergent/dispersant additive package;

ii. a smoke-suppression agent;

iii optionally a pour point depressant; and

iv. optionally less than about 5 wt % hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C.;

whereby a two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant is produced.

21. The process of claim 20, wherein the two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant has:

(a) a good low temperature fluidity at −

25°

C.;

(b) a passing result in the miscibility test by ASTM D4682-87 (Reapproved

     2002) at −

25°

C.;

(c) an exhaust smoke index of greater than 65; and

(d) a pour point less than or equal to about −

35°

C.

22. The process of claim 20, wherein the one or more fractions of base oil are made from a waxy feed.

23. The process of claim 20, wherein the exhaust smoke index is greater than or equal to 85.

24. The process of claim 20, wherein the pour point is less than or equal to about −

40°

C.

25. The process of claim 20, wherein the smoke-suppression agent is polyisobutylene.

26. The process of claim 20, wherein the hydrocarbon solvent is a dearomatized aliphatic solvent.

27. The process of claim 20, wherein essentially no hydrocarbon solvent is added.

28. The process of claim 20, wherein the pour point reducing blend component has a traction coefficient less than 0.015 when measured at a kinematic viscosity of 15 mm²/s and at a slide to roll ratio of 40%.

29. A process for making a two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant meeting the JASO M345:

2003 requirements, comprising;

a. preparing a pour point reducing blend component by isomerizing a feed;

b. blending the pour point reducing blend component with

i. a distillate base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. between about 1.5 and about 3.5 mm²/s to produce a pour point reduced base oil blend;

c. blending the pour point reduced base oil blend with;

i. a detergent/dispersant additive package; and

ii. less than 5 wt %/, based on the total two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant, of a hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C.;

 

in the proper proportions to yield the two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant.

30. The process of claim 29, wherein the feed is selected from the group of Fischer-Tropsch derived wax, petroleum derived wax, plastic, and mixtures thereof.

31. The process of claim 29, wherein the pour point reducing blend component is selected from the group consisting of:

a. an isomerized Fischer-Tropsch derived bottoms product;

b. a bottoms product prepared from an isomerized highly waxy mineral oil;

c. an isomerized oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. of at least about 8 mm²/s made from polyethylene plastic; and

d. mixtures thereof.

32. The process of claim 29, wherein the pour point reducing blend component is prepared by:

i. pyrolysis of a polyethylene plastic;

ii. separating out a heavy fraction from the pyrolysis step;

iii. hydrotreating the heavy fraction;

iv. catalytic isomerizing the hydrotreated heavy fraction; and

v. selecting a fraction of the isomerized product having a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. of at least about 8 mm²/s.

33. The process of claim 29, wherein the pour point reducing blend component has a traction coefficient less than 0.015 when measured at a kinematic viscosity of 15 mm²/s and at a slide to roll ratio of 40%.

34. The process of claim 29, wherein the two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant has a good low temperature fluidity at −

25°

C.

35. The process of claim 29, wherein the two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant has an exhaust smoke index of greater than 65.

36. The process of claim 29, wherein the two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant has a wt % sulfated ash of 0.18 or less.

37. The process of claim 29, additionally comprising blending the pour point reducing blend components with a smoke-suppression agent.

38. The process of claim 29, wherein the distillate base oil is Fischer-Tropsch derived.

39. A lubricating oil made by a process, comprising.

a. hydroisomerization dewaxing a substantially paraffinic wax feed, whereby a lubricating base oil is produced;

and

b. blending one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with;

i. less than about 5 wt % based on the total lubricating oil composition of a hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C., and

ii. a detergent/dispersant additive package;

whereby the lubricating oil meets the requirements of JASO M345;

2003.

40. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, wherein the substantially paraffinic wax feed is Fischer-Tropsch derived.

41. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, wherein the hydroisomerization dewaxing uses a catalyst comprising a shape selective intermediate pore size molecular sieve, a noble metal hydrogenation component, and a refractory oxide support.

42. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with less than about 2 wt % based on the total lubricating oil of a hydrocarbon solvent having a maximum boiling point less than 250 degrees C.

43. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with essentially no hydrocarbon solvent.

44. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, additionally comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with a smoke-suppression agent selected from the group of polybutene, polyisobutylene, and mixtures thereof.

45. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, additionally comprising blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with a pour point depressant.

46. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, wherein the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil have greater than about 90 wt % paraffinic carbon and less than 0.01 wt % aromatic carbon by ASTM D3238-95 (2005).

47. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, meeting the requirements of JASO M345:

2003, Classification C or Classification D.

48. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, meeting the requirements of ISO 13738:

2000(E).

49. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39, having a good low temperature fluidity at −

25°

C.

50. The lubricating oil made by the process of claim 39 having a passing result in the miscibility test by ASTM D4682-87(Reapproved 2002) at −

10°

C. or at −

25°

C.