BIOSENSOR ELECTRODE MEDIATORS FOR REGENERATION OF COFACTORS

• US 20090090624A1
• Filed: 09/30/2008
• Published: 04/09/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/16/1997
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Incorporated (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Abbott Laboratories Incorporated
• Inventors: Walters, Stephen, Forrow, Nigel J., Watkin, Jared L., Sanghera, Gurdial S.
• Granted Patent: US 8,241,485 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 204/403.14
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/004 mediator-assisted
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/005 involving specific analytes or enzymes including groups of enzymes, e.g. oxydases; C12Q1/004 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/006 for glucose
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3272 Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels optical biosensors G01N33/52
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49155 Manufacturing circuit on or in base

Abstract

The present invention is based on the discovery of NAD⁺ and NADP⁺ mediator compounds that do not bind irreversibly to thiol groups in the active sites of intracellular dehydrogenase enzymes. Such mediator compounds avoid a common mode of enzyme inhibition. The mediators can therefore increase the stability and reliability of the electrical response in amperometric electrodes constructed from NAD or NADP-dependent enzymes.

Claims

1-11. -11. (canceled)

12. A biosensor, comprising;

at least two substrates;

a plurality of electrodes comprising a fill indicator electrode, a working electrode, and a reference or counter/reference electrode;

at least one reaction zone comprising an enzyme, a cofactor, and a mediator associated with at least the working electrode,

wherein a glucose concentration in a biological fluid sample is determined within 10 seconds after detection of the biological fluid in the reaction zone.

13. The biosensor according to claim 12, further comprising a substrate being a spacer.

14. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein said reaction zone comprises the plurality of electrodes.

15. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein the electrodes comprise carbon.

16. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein the biosensor comprises a strip-type identifier.

17. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises a barcode.

18. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises a magnetic strip.

19. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises a notch.

20. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises an optical detector.

21. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises a switch.

22. The biosensor according to claim 16, wherein the strip-type identifier comprises a circuit loop.

23. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein the biosensor comprises an identifier indicating a universal calibration code.

24. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein the reaction zone comprises a hydrophobic insulating material.

25. The biosensor according to claim 12, wherein the glucose concentration in the biological fluid sample is determined within 5 seconds after detection of the biological fluid in the reaction zone.

26. A biosensor comprising;

at least a first and a second substrate, wherein the first substrate is a cover and the second substrate is a bottom;

a plurality of electrodes comprising a fill indicator electrode, a working electrode, and a reference or counter/reference electrode;

at least one reaction zone comprising an enzyme, a cofactor, and a mediator associated with at least the working electrode, wherein the reaction zone comprises the plurality of electrodes,

wherein a glucose concentration in a biological fluid sample is determined within 10 seconds after detection of the biological fluid in the reaction zone.

27. The biosensor according to claim 26, wherein the glucose concentration in the biological fluid sample is determined within 5 seconds after detection of the biological fluid in the reaction zone.