HELICOPTER AIRCRAFT VEHICLE ROTOR DAMPER

• US 20090110555A1
• Filed: 09/03/2008
• Published: 04/30/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 09/04/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lord Corporation (Parker-Hannifin Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lord Corporation (Parker-Hannifin Corporation)
• Inventors: JONES, PETER
• Granted Patent: US 8,167,561 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 416/140
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/51 Damping of blade movements
• CPC Class Codes: F16F 15/08 with rubber springs grommet- or bushing-type resilient mountings F16F1/3732, F16F1/38; with springs made of rubber and metal arrangement of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units B60K5/12; mounting of propulsion plants on vessels B63H21/30; mounting of vehicle drivers' cabs B62D33/0604
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49332 Propeller making

Abstract

A helicopter rotor damper system including a torsional damper with a damper centering bearing providing a damper center of rotation axis, a first elastomeric torsional damper with a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface, and a second elastomeric torsional damper with a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface. The helicopter rotor damper system includes a damper link linked with the torsional damper, with the torsional damper and the damper link connected between a helicopter blade and a helicopter rotor with the elastomeric torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surfaces relatively rotating.

Claims

1. A helicopter rotor damper system for damping a motion of a helicopter blade relative to a helicopter rotor, said helicopter rotor damper system including:

a torsional damper with a damper centering bearing providing a damper center of rotation axis,

at least a first elastomeric torsional damper, said first elastomeric torsional damper having a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

at least a second elastomeric torsional damper, said second elastomeric torsional damper having a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and a damper link, said damper link linked with said torsional damper, wherein said torsional damper and said damper link are connected between said helicopter blade and said helicopter rotor with said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotating relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotating relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

2. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface, said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

3. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane.

4. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 including:

a third elastomeric torsional damper, said third elastomeric torsional damper having a third elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a third elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a third elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

a fourth elastomeric torsional damper, said fourth elastomeric torsional damper having a fourth elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a fourth elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a fourth elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

5. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said damper link is a longitudinally extending link, said longitudinally extending link having a longitudinal link axis with said link having a first linkend and a distal second link end.

6. A damper system as claimed in claim 5 wherein said first linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

7. A damper system as claimed in claim 5 wherein said second linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

8. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said damper centering bearing is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer centering bearing housing member, having a centering bearing housing cavity with a cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member contained in said centering bearing housing cavity,

said centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member having an outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said outer circumferential bonding surface.

9. A damper system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate contains at least a first nonelastomeric shim.

10. A damper system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer and said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer are comprised of a first elastomer and said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate is comprised of a second elastomer

11. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative thirty degrees through a positive thirty degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative thirty degrees through the positive thirty degrees.

12. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative thirty degrees through a positive thirty degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative thirty degrees through the positive thirty degrees.

13. A damper system as claimed in claim 1 including a first cantilever connector and a second cantilever connector.

14. A damper system as claimed in claim 13 wherein said first cantilever connector provides a cantileved connection between said torsional damper and said damper link.

15. A damper system as claimed in claim 13 wherein said second cantilever connector provides a cantileved connection between said damper link and said helicopter rotor.

16. A damper including a damper centering bearing providing a damper center of rotation axis,

at least a first elastomeric torsional damper, said first elastomeric torsional damper having a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

at least a second elastomeric torsional damper, said second elastomeric torsional damper having a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

17. A damper as claimed in claim 16 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

18. A damper as claimed in claim 16 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane.

19. A damper as claimed in claim 16 including:

a third elastomeric torsional damper, said third elastomeric torsional damper having a third elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a third elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a third elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

a fourth elastomeric torsional damper, said fourth elastomeric torsional damper having a fourth elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a fourth elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a fourth elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

20. A damper as claimed in claim 16 including a damper link interface, said damper link interface grounding a damper link to at least one of said nonelastomeric bonding surfaces.

21. A damper as claimed in claim 16 wherein

said damper centering bearing is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer centering bearing housing member, having a centering bearing housing cavity with a cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member contained in said centering bearing housing cavity,

said centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member having an outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said outer circumferential bonding surface.

22. A damper as claimed in claim 21 wherein said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate contains at least a first nonelastomeric shim.

23. A damper as claimed in claim 21 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer and said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer are comprised of a first elastomer and said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate is comprised of a second elastomer.

24. A damper as claimed in claim 16 wherein

said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative thirty degrees through a positive thirty degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative thirty degrees through the positive thirty degrees.

25. A damper as claimed in claim 16 wherein

said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative thirty degrees through a positive thirty degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative thirty degrees through the positive thirty degrees.

26. An aircraft link system, said aircraft link system including:

a longitudinally extending link, said longitudinally extending link having a longitudinal link axis with said link having a first linkend and a distal second linkend,

said first linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said first linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface, and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity, said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface, and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface, said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims, and a first cantilever connector providing a cantileved connection between said first linkend nonelastomeric inner member and a first aircraft member.

27. An aircraft link system as claimed in claim 26 wherein said second linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said second linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims, and a second cantilever connector providing a cantileved connection between said second linkend nonelastomeric inner member and a second aircraft member.

28. An aircraft link system as claimed in claim 26 wherein said first aircraft member is a damper.

29. An aircraft link system as claimed in claim 26 wherein said second aircraft member is a rotor.

30. A method of making a damper system, said method including:

providing a damper centering bearing providing a damper center of rotation axis, providing at least a first elastomeric torsional damper, said first elastomeric torsional damper having a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

providing at least a second elastomeric torsional damper, said second elastomeric torsional damper having a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

centering said at least a first elastomeric torsional damper and said at least a second elastomeric torsional damper to rotate about said damper center of rotation axis, providing a damper link,

connecting said damper link with said at least first elastomeric torsional damper and said at least second elastomeric torsional damper,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotating relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

31. A method as claimed in claim 30 wherein

said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

32. A method as claimed in claim 30 wherein

said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure

having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure

having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane.

33. A method as claimed in claim 30 including:

providing a third elastomeric torsional damper, said third elastomeric torsional damper having a third elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a third elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a third elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and providing a fourth elastomeric torsional damper, said fourth elastomeric torsional damper having a fourth elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a fourth elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a fourth elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

34. A method as claimed in claim 30 wherein

said damper link is a longitudinally extending link, said longitudinally extending link having a longitudinal link axis with said damper link having a first linkend and a distal second link end.

35. A method as claimed in claim 34 wherein said first linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

36. A method as claimed in claim 34 wherein said second linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

37. A method as claimed in claim 30 wherein said damper centering bearing is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer centering bearing housing member,

having a centering bearing housing cavity with a cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member contained in said centering bearing housing cavity,

said centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member having an outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said outer circumferential bonding surface.

38. A method as claimed in claim 37 wherein said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate contains at least a first nonelastomeric shim.

39. A method as claimed in claim 37 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer and said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer are comprised of a first elastomer and said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate is comprised of a second elastomer.

40. A method damper as claimed in claim 30 wherein

said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative thirty degrees through a positive thirty degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative thirty degrees through the positive thirty degrees.

41. A method as claimed in claim 30 including providing a first cantilever connector for connecting said damper link with said at least first elastomeric torsional damper and said at least second elastomeric torsional damper.

42. A method as claimed in claim 30 including providing a second cantilever connector for providing a cantileved connection between said damper link and a helicopter rotor.

43. A method of controlling a motion, said method including:

providing a damper, said damper including a damper centering bearing providing a damper center of rotation axis, at least a first elastomeric torsional damper, said first elastomeric torsional damper having a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface, and at least a second elastomeric torsional damper, said second elastomeric torsional damper having a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface, said at least first elastomeric torsional damper and said at least second elastomeric torsional damper rotating about said damper center of rotation axis,

providing a damper link,

connecting said damper link with said damper wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotates relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis, and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotates relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis.

44. A method as claimed in claim 43 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer has a twist plane between said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

45. A method as claimed in claim 43 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane,

said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface has a nonelastomeric support structure, said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface nonelastomeric support structure having a nonelastomeric support structure twist plane.

46. A method as claimed in claim 43 including:

providing a third elastomeric torsional damper, said third elastomeric torsional damper having a third elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a third elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a third elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and providing a fourth elastomeric torsional damper, said fourth elastomeric torsional damper having a fourth elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a fourth elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a fourth elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.

47. A method as claimed in claim 43 wherein said damper link is a longitudinally extending link, said longitudinally extending link having a longitudinal link axis with said damper link having a first linkend and a distal second link end.

48. A method as claimed in claim 47 wherein said first linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

49. A method as claimed in claim 47 wherein said second linkend is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer link housing member,

said linkend having a linkend cavity with a linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend nonelastomeric inner member contained in said linkend cavity,

said linkend nonelastomeric inner member having a linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a linkend elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said linkend outer circumferential bonding surface,

said elastomeric intermediate containing a plurality of bonded nonelastomeric shims.

50. A method as claimed in claim 43 wherein said damper centering bearing is comprised of a nonelastomeric outer centering bearing housing member,

having a centering bearing housing cavity with a cavity inner circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member contained in said centering bearing housing cavity,

said centering bearing nonelastomeric inner member having an outer circumferential bonding surface,

and a centering bearing elastomeric intermediate having an outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface and an inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface, said outer circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said cavity inner circumferential bonding surface and said inner circumferential elastomeric bonding surface bonded to said outer circumferential bonding surface.

51. A method as claimed in claim 50 wherein said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate contains at least a first nonelastomeric shim.

52. A method as claimed in claim 50 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer and said second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer are comprised of a first elastomer and said damper centering bearing elastomeric intermediate is comprised of a second elastomer.

53. A method as claimed in claim 43 wherein said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis in a damper rotation in the range from a negative twenty five degrees through a positive twenty five degrees,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotate relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface about said damper center of rotation axis with the damper rotation in the range from the negative twenty five degrees through the positive twenty five degrees.

54. A method as claimed in claim 43 including providing a first cantilever connector for connecting said damper link with said at least first elastomeric torsional damper and said at least second elastomeric torsional damper.

55. A method as claimed in claim 43 including providing a second cantilever connector for providing a cantileved connection between said damper link and a vehicle rotor.

56. A damper system for damping a motion of a moving member, said damper system including:

a torsional damper with a means for providing a damper center of rotation axis, at least a first elastomeric torsional damper, said first elastomeric torsional damper having a first elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

at least a second elastomeric torsional damper, said second elastomeric torsional damper having a second elastomeric torsional damper torsional elastomer bonded between a second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface and a second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and a means for linking said torsional damper with said moving member, wherein said torsional damper is connected with said moving member with said first elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotating relative to said first elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface,

and said second elastomeric torsional damper first torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface rotating relative to said second elastomeric torsional damper second torsional damper nonelastomeric bonding surface.