Data scoping and data flow in a continuation based runtime

• US 20090112779A1
• Filed: 10/26/2007
• Published: 04/30/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/26/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Box, Donald F., Wolf, Kenneth David, Millet, Stephen J., Talbert, Nathan C., Schmidt, Robert B., Pinto, Edmund S.V.
• Granted Patent: US 7,827,127 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 706/14
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5038 considering the execution order of a plurality of tasks, e.g. taking priority or time dependency constraints into consideration scheduling strategies G06F9/4881 and subgroups

Abstract

Described is a data model used in a continuation based runtime that executes activities. The data model provides for declaring parameters to define data flow direction (in, out or both in and out) with respect to activities. The model further allows for the declaring of variables to provide for data storing and sharing between activities that are in scope, based on a tree relationship between activities. In one aspect, an activity tree includes a topmost parent composite activity and at least one child activity of that topmost parent composite activity. Variables are associated with one or more composite activities of the tree, and the ancestral relationships between composite activities and (non-composite) child activities determine the in-scope access to variables. Arguments such as binding expressions may bind variables to an activity'"'"'s parameters.

Claims

1. A computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions, which when executed perform steps, comprising, processing activities of an activity tree in a continuation based runtime, in which at least one activity is associated with at least one parameter representing a flow of data relative to that activity, each parameter declared as an input parameter, an output parameter, or an input and output parameter, variables associated with activities of the activity tree within a scope defined by parent-child relationships of the activities in the activity tree, the variables representing data storage and providing for shared state among the in scope activities, the activities using the variables to produce result data when processed, and outputting the result data.

2. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 wherein outputting the result data comprises outputting the result data via an output parameter or via an input and output parameter.

3. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 wherein at least one of the activities of the activity tree comprises a composite activity, and wherein at least some of the variables are declared in association with the composite activity.

4. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 wherein at least one activity of the activity tree is a child activity of the composite activity, and having further computer executable instructions comprising, scheduling each child activity.

5. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 wherein each variable associated with an activity is disposed of upon completion of that activity.

6. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 having further computer executable instructions comprising binding a parameter to an in scope variable.

7. In a computing environment having a continuation based runtime, a system comprising, a data model for activities that are executed by the continuation based runtime, the activities arranged into an activity tree, including a topmost parent composite activity and at least one child activity of that topmost parent composite activity, the data model including a parameter set that defines an input and output flow of data with respect to the activities of the activity tree, the data model further including a variable set by which an ancestral relationship between a composite activity and any child activity of that composite activity defines a scope in which activities within that parental relationship may store and share data through variables in that scope, a binding mechanism that binds parameters to variables that are in its corresponding activity'"'"'s scope, and the continuation based runtime configured to process work items and relate data to variables corresponding to scheduled child activities to input and output data via the parameter set.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein the activity tree includes at least one other composite activity in a child relationship with the topmost parent is a composite activity.

11. The system of claim 7 wherein the runtime disposes of each variable associated with an activity when the activity completes.

12. The system of claim 7 wherein the runtime includes means for passivating and rehydrating an activity.

13. The system of claim 7 wherein the binding mechanism includes an argument owned by an activity, the including an expression that determines what data flows between which activities.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the expression comprises a binding expression of a set, the set including a variable reference that references a variable that is in scope, a complex variable reference, a complex variable expression, or a literal expression.

15. The system of claim 13 wherein the runtime enforces that only the activity that owns an argument can resolve the argument to an underlying value.

9. The system of claim 9 wherein a value for an input variable is pre-fetched when an activity is scheduled.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein output parameters or arguments or both parameters and arguments, or input and output parameters or arguments or both input and output parameters and arguments, are evaluated to corresponding references when the activity is scheduled.

16. In a computing environment, a method comprising, processing work items corresponding to activities of an activity tree in a continuation based runtime, including, scheduling child activities of one or more composite activities, enforcing that parameters that define flow direction and data with respect to an activity are only bound to state or to variables in scope, in which scope is defined by parent and child relationships including ancestor relationships between composite and child activities, and in which variables are declared with respect to composite activities to provide a data storage and sharing mechanism for activities that share scope, and outputting data that results from the processing of the work items.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising, disposing of each variable associated with an activity upon completion of that activity.

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising, passivating an activity and rehydrating the activity.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein activities own arguments for binding, and wherein enforcing that parameters that are only bound to state or to variables in scope include only allowing the activity that owns an argument to resolve the argument to an underlying value.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein the runtime schedules activities, including pre-fetching a value for an input variable when an activity is scheduled, and evaluating other variable types to corresponding references when the activity is scheduled.