Power control circuitry, circuitry for analysing a switched power rail, and method of controlling connection of a power source to a switched power rail

• US 20090115258A1
• Filed: 11/05/2007
• Published: 05/07/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 11/05/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Arm Limited (SoftBank Group Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Arm Limited (SoftBank Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Idgunji, Sachin Satish, Flynn, David Walter, Schuth, Leah Elizabeth
• Granted Patent: US 7,898,278 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/129
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 19/0016 by using a control or a clock signal, e.g. in order to apply power supply
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/0315 Ring oscillators

Abstract

Power control circuitry is provided for controlling connection of a power source having a source voltage level to a switched power rail to provide power to an associated circuit block. The power control circuitry comprises a switch block for selectively connecting the switched power rail to the power source, and a switch controller for controlling operation of the switch block. A ring oscillator circuit is powered from the switched power rail and produces an oscillating output signal, and analysis circuitry is then used to analyse change in frequency of the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator circuit during a period of time when the switched power rail is not at the source voltage level. The switch controller is then arranged to control at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block in dependence on the analysis. This technique provides a simple and effective digital technique for observing voltage changes on the switched power rail.

Claims

1. Power control circuitry for controlling connection of a power source having a source voltage level to a switched power rail used to provide power to an associated circuit block, the power control circuitry comprising:

a switch block for selectively connecting the switched power rail to the power source;

a switch controller for controlling operation of the switch block;

ring oscillator circuitry powered from the switched power rail and producing an oscillating output signal; and

analysis circuitry for analysing change in frequency of the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator circuitry during a period of time when the switched power rail is not at the source voltage level, and to cause the switch controller to control at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block in dependence on said analysis.

2. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

additional ring oscillator circuitry powered from the power source and producing an additional oscillating output signal;

the analysis circuitry performing said analysis by comparing frequency of the oscillating output signal with frequency of the additional oscillating output signal and controlling said at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block in dependence on said comparison.

3. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additional ring oscillator circuitry and the ring oscillator circuitry are of identical construction.

4. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein said switch block is a header block, said power source is a supply voltage rail and said switched power rail is a switched supply voltage rail.

5. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein said switch block is a footer block, said power source is a ground voltage rail and said switched power rail is a switched ground voltage rail.

6. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ring oscillator circuitry is gated via an enable signal, during normal operation of the associated circuit block where voltage on the switched power rail is at the source voltage level, the ring oscillator circuitry being disabled to reduce power consumption.

7. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ring oscillator circuitry is periodically enabled during the period of time when the switched power rail is not at the source voltage level to further reduce power consumption.

8. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein on turning on at least part of the switch block to begin pulling voltage on the switched voltage rail to the source voltage level, the analysis circuitry analyses the change in frequency of the oscillating output signal in order to derive information indicative of at least one analogue voltage property of the switched voltage rail.

9. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 8, wherein the switch block comprises multiple switch block portions including at least one starter switch block portion and at least one main switch block portion, and the at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block controlled based on the analysis performed by the analysis circuitry is a determination as to when to turn on the at least one main switch block portion.

10. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein on turning off at least part of the switch block to decouple voltage on the switched voltage rail from the source voltage level, the analysis circuitry analyses the change in frequency of the oscillating output signal in order to derive information indicative of at least one analogue voltage property of the switched voltage rail.

11. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 10, wherein when subsequently turning on the switch block to begin pulling voltage on the switched voltage rail to the source voltage level, said information is used to influence a turn on procedure employed by the switch controller.

12. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the analysis performed by the analysis circuitry further provides diagnostic data indicative of turn on characteristics of the switch block.

13. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

said switch controller modulates conduction through said switch block to maintain said virtual power rail at an intermediate voltage level;

said analysis circuitry analyses a difference in frequency between the oscillating output signal and the additional oscillating output signal in order to derive information indicative of at least one analogue voltage property of the switched voltage rail; and

said information is input to the switch controller as a feedback signal to adjust said modulation to maintain said intermediate voltage within a predetermined voltage range.

14. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein said switch controller controls a duty ratio of said modulation in accordance with said feedback signal.

15. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein said feedback signal to said switch controller has a hysteresis characteristic such that said intermediate voltage follows a periodic variation within said predetermined voltage range.

16. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein said feedback signal to said switch controller has a hysteresis characteristic such that:

said switch block is switched to a conductive state when said intermediate voltage has greater than a predetermined maximum difference from said source voltage level as determined by the analysis circuitry; and

said switch block is switched to a non-conductive state when said intermediate voltage has less than a predetermined minimum difference from said source voltage level as determined by the analysis circuitry.

17. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein the additional ring oscillator circuitry and the ring oscillator circuitry are of identical construction, the power control circuitry further comprising divider circuitry for modifying the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator circuitry before the difference in frequency is determined by the analysis circuitry.

18. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein during normal operation of the associated circuit block the voltage on the switched power rail differs from the source voltage level due to a voltage drop across the switch block, and the analysis circuitry continues to compare the frequency of the oscillating output signal with the frequency of the additional oscillating output signal in order to derive information indicative of said voltage drop.

19. Power control circuitry as claimed in claim 13, wherein

said associated circuit block statically retains one or more state signal values when said associated circuit block is not active and said intermediate voltage results in greater than a minimum retention voltage across said associated circuit block;

and

said switch controller modulates conduction through said switch block such that said intermediate voltage results in greater than said minimum retention voltage across said associated circuit block and said one or more state signal values are retained in said associated circuit block with an average leakage current in said associated circuit block less than when said switched power rail is continuously at said source voltage level.

20. Circuitry for analysing a switched power rail used to provide power to an associated circuit block, the switched power rail being connectable to a power source having a source voltage level, the circuitry comprising:

a switch block for selectively connecting the switched power rail to the power source;

a switch controller for controlling operation of the switch block;

ring oscillator circuitry powered from the switched power rail and producing an oscillating output signal; and

analysis circuitry for analysing change in frequency of the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator circuitry during a period of time when the switched power rail is not at the source voltage level in order to produce information characterising at least one analogue voltage property of the switched power rail.

21. A method of controlling connection of a power source having a source voltage level to a switched power rail used to provide power to an associated circuit block, the method comprising the steps of:

selectively connecting the switched power rail to the power source via a switch block;

operating ring oscillator circuitry from the switched power rail in order to produce an oscillating output signal;

analysing change in frequency of the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator circuitry during a period of time when the switched power rail is not at the source voltage level; and

controlling at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block in dependence on said analysis.

22. Power control logic for controlling connection of a power source means having a source voltage level to a switched power rail means used to provide power to an associated circuit block means, the power control logic comprising:

a switch block means for selectively connecting the switched power rail means to the power source means;

a switch controller means for controlling operation of the switch block means;

ring oscillator means powered from the switched power rail means for producing an oscillating output signal; and

analysis means for analysing change in frequency of the oscillating output signal produced by the ring oscillator means during a period of time when the switched power rail means is not at the source voltage level, and to cause the switch controller means to control at least one aspect of the operation of the switch block means in dependence on said analysis.