GAS TURBINE CONTROL DEVICE AND GAS TURBINE SYSTEM

• US 20090125207A1
• Filed: 03/29/2006
• Published: 05/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/23/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Power Limited (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
• Inventors: Nomura, Masumi, Iba, Hiroyuki, Toyama, Kozo
• Granted Patent: US 8,396,643 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 701/100
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/22 the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure F02C3/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/00 Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants controlling air intakes F02C7/057; controlling turbines F01D; controlling compressors F04D27/00; controlling in general G05
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/28 Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/083 by monitoring combustion conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 2900/00013 Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by active means

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine control device which is capable of performing correction on the basis of a fuel composition of fuel gas to be supplied to a gas turbine, and is capable of changing an amount of correction in response to variation with time of the gas turbine. To attain this, a frequency analyzing unit 25 performs a frequency analysis of combustion oscillation of a combustor and splits a result of the analysis into respective frequency bands. Then, a state grasping unit 22 checks an operating state of the gas turbine on the basis of the result of the analysis of the combustion oscillation and process value of the gas turbine, and corrects the checked operating state on the basis of a fuel composition or a heat capacity of fuel gas measured by a fuel characteristic measuring unit 200. A countermeasure determining unit 23 conducts a countermeasure for controlling an operating action of the gas turbine on the basis of the operating state thus checked.

Claims

1. A gas turbine control device characterized by comprising:

a frequency analyzing unit for performing a frequency analysis of combustion oscillation in a combustor of a gas turbine and for splitting a result of this frequency analysis into a plurality of frequency bands;

a fuel characteristic detecting unit for detecting any of a fuel composition and a heat capacity of fuel to be supplied to the combustor;

an inputting unit to which a process value of the gas turbine other than the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel is inputted;

a state grasping unit for checking a current state of operation of the gas turbine by using the result of the frequency analysis split into the frequency bands from the frequency analyzing unit, the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit, and any of the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel detected by the fuel characteristic detecting unit;

a countermeasure determining unit for determining an increase or decrease in a flow rate of at least one of a fuel flow rate and an air flow rate to the combustor on the basis of the current state of operation of the gas turbine checked by the state grasping unit; and

an outputting unit for outputting an operation amount corresponding to a countermeasure determined by the countermeasure determining unit,

characterized in that a history indicating a relation between the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel and combustion oscillation of the combustor is recorded, and

that a relation between the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel and the current state of operation of the gas turbine is determined based on the history.

2. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that the state grasping unit checks the current state of operation of the gas turbine on the basis of the result of the frequency analysis split into the plurality of frequency bands from the frequency analyzing unit and the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit,

that the state grasping unit determines a relation of an amount of correction in the current state of operation of the gas turbine corresponding to any of the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel detected by the fuel characteristic detecting unit on the basis of the history indicating the relation between the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel and combustion oscillation of the combustor, and

that the state grasping unit corrects the checked current state of operation on the basis of any of the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel detected by the fuel characteristic detecting unit.

3. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:

a combustion characteristic grasping unit for finding a relational expression indicating a combustion characteristic of the combustor from a relation between the current state of operation of the gas turbine checked by the state grasping unit and any of the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel,

characterized in that the countermeasure determining unit determines the increase or decrease in the flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and the air flow rate to the combustor by calculation based on any of the fuel composition and the heat capacity of the fuel checked through the state grasping unit.

4. The gas turbine control device according to claim 3,

characterized in that the combustion characteristic grasping unit finds the relational expression indicating the combustion characteristic of the combustor from the history indicating the relation between the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel and combustion oscillation of the combustor.

5. The gas turbine control device according to claim 3,

characterized in that the relational expression indicating the combustion characteristic of the combustor is generated for each of the frequency bands split by the frequency analyzing unit and represents an expression indicating a relation among the result of the frequency analysis, the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel, and the fuel flow rate as well as the air flow rate to the combustor.

6. The gas turbine control device according to claim 3,

characterized in that the counter measure determining unit determines the increase or decrease in the flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and the air flow rate to the combustor by utilizing an optimization method based on a relation between the current state of operation of the gas turbine checked by the state grasping unit and the relational expression indicating the combustion characteristic of the combustor by the combustion characteristic grasping unit.

7. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:

a performance characteristic grasping unit for detecting efficiency of any of the entirety and respective units of the gas turbine by use of the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit and the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel detected by the fuel characteristic detecting unit, characterized in that the countermeasure determining unit corrects an amount of the increase or decrease in the flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and the air flow rate to the combustor, which is previously set up, to improve efficiency of any of the entirety and the respective units of the gas turbine detected by the performance characteristic grasping unit.

8. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:

a life characteristic grasping unit for detecting lives of the respective units of the gas turbine by use of the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit and the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel detected by the fuel characteristic detecting unit,

characterized in that the countermeasure determining unit corrects an amount of the increase or decrease in the flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and the air flow rate to the combustor, which is previously set up, to improve the lives of the respective units of the gas turbine detected by the life characteristic grasping unit.

9. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that combustion oscillation of the combustor is measured based on any of pressure fluctuation of the combustor and acceleration oscillation of the combustor.

10. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that the fuel characteristic detecting unit includes a gas analyzer for measuring concentrations of respective components of the fuel and detects the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel on the basis of the concentrations of the respective components of the fuel measured by the gas analyzer.

11. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that the fuel characteristic detecting unit is installed on a fuel supply line for guiding the fuel from a fuel supply source to the combustor and a location of the installation is set to a position where it is possible to obtain a measurement value of the fuel measured in the location of the installation before the measured fuel flows on the fuel supply line and reaches the combustor.

12. The gas turbine control device according to claim 11,

characterized in that a time delay from a point of obtaining the measurement value of the fuel by the fuel characteristic detecting unit to a point of the fuel reaching the combustor is set by a function of any of an output of the gas turbine and the fuel flow rate, and

that timing of the fuel reaching the combustor is synchronized with timing of capturing the measurement value by the state grasping unit or by the state grasping unit and the combustion characteristic grasping unit on the basis of this time delay.

13. The gas turbine control device according to claim 11,

characterized in that a plurality of the fuel characteristic detecting units are installed in the location of installation, and

that the plurality of the fuel characteristic measuring units have shifted timing for measuring the fuel.

14. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that the fuel characteristic detecting unit detects the fuel composition or the heat capacity of the fuel on the basis of the fuel flow rate of the fuel and an output as well as efficiency of the gas turbine.

19. The gas turbine control device according to claim 1,

characterized in that, when the fuel to be supplied to the combustor includes a plurality of types of fuel substances having mutually different fuel compositions, the countermeasure determining unit also sets up increases or decreases of respective fuel flow rates of the plurality of types of fuel substances.

20. A gas turbine system characterized by comprising:

a compressor for compressing external air;

a combustor for combusting compressed air from the compressor and fuel;

a turbine for being rotated by combustion gas from the combustor; and

a gas turbine control device for setting an air flow rate and a fuel flow rate to the combustor on the basis of process values respectively measured in terms of the compressor, the combustor and the turbine,

characterized in that the gas turbine control device is the gas turbine control device according to claim 1.

21. The gas turbine system according to claim 20, characterized by comprising:

a plurality of gas turbine plants each having the compressor, the combustor and the turbine, and a control device for controlling states of operation of the plurality of gas turbine plants by communicating with the plurality of gas turbine plants,

characterized in that the gas turbine plant includes the inputting unit, the fuel characteristic detecting unit, the frequency analyzing unit, the outputting unit, and a communicating unit for communicating with the control device, and

that the control device includes the state grasping unit, the countermeasure determining unit, and a communicating unit for communicating with the gas turbine plants.

15. A gas turbine control device characterized by comprising:

a frequency analyzing unit for performing a frequency analysis of combustion oscillation in a combustor of a gas turbine and for splitting a result of this frequency analysis into a plurality of respective frequency bands;

a fuel characteristic estimating unit having a threshold for categorizing a fuel characteristic into a plurality of categories and being configured to compare this threshold with a ratio between an output of the gas turbine and a fuel flow rate of the fuel and to determine which one out of the plurality of categories the fuel characteristic of the fuel corresponds to;

an inputting unit to which a process value of the gas turbine other than a fuel composition and a heat capacity of the fuel is inputted;

a state grasping unit for checking a current state of operation of the gas turbine by using the result of the frequency analysis split into the respective frequency bands from the frequency analyzing unit, the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit, and the category of the fuel characteristic determined by the fuel characteristic estimating unit;

a countermeasure determining unit for determining an increase or decrease in a flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and an air flow rate to the combustor on the basis of the current state of operation of the gas turbine checked by the state grasping unit; and

an outputting unit for outputting an operation amount corresponding to a countermeasure determined by the countermeasure determining unit,

characterized in that a history indicating a relation between the category of the fuel characteristic and combustion oscillation of the combustor is recorded, and

that a relation of the current state of operation of the gas turbine corresponding to the category of the fuel characteristic is determined based on the history.

16. The gas turbine control device according to claim 15,

characterized in that the state grasping unit checks the current state of operation of the gas turbine on the basis of the result of the frequency analysis split into the plurality of respective frequency bands from the frequency analyzing unit and the process value of the gas turbine from the inputting unit,

that the state grasping unit determines a relation of an amount of correction in the current state of operation of the gas turbine corresponding to the category of the fuel characteristic determined by the fuel characteristic estimating unit on the basis of the history indicating the relation between the category of the fuel characteristic and combustion oscillation of the combustor, and

that the state grasping unit corrects the checked current state of operation on the basis of the category of the fuel characteristic determined by the fuel characteristic estimating unit.

17. The gas turbine control device according to claim 15,

characterized in that a ratio between an output of the gas turbine and the fuel flow rate of the fuel is corrected by use of a deterioration characteristic of the gas turbine.

18. The gas turbine control device according to claim 15, characterized by comprising:

a combustion characteristic grasping unit for finding a relational expression indicating a combustion characteristic of the combustor from the current state of operation of the gas turbine checked by the state grasping unit on the basis of the category of the fuel characteristic determined by the fuel characteristic estimating unit,

characterized in that the countermeasure determining unit determines the increase or decrease in the flow rate of at least one of the fuel flow rate and the air flow rate to the combustor by use of the relational expression indicating the combustion characteristic of the combustor.