DYNAMIC HTTP LOAD BALANCING

• US 20090125621A1
• Filed: 01/19/2009
• Published: 05/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Lanzen, Craig A., DeLima, Roberto
• Granted Patent: US 8,260,892 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 709/223
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0803 Configuration setting
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0823 characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability for optimising operational conditions of wireless networks H04W24/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0846 based on copy from other elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0856 by backing up or archiving configuration information
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0869 Validating the configuration within one network element
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5009 Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5054 Automatic deployment of services triggered by the service manager, e.g. service implementation by automatic configuration of network components
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/02 based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/10015 Access to distributed or replicated servers, e.g. using brokers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1008 based on parameters of servers, e.g. available memory or workload monitoring of computer activity G06F11/30
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1014 based on the content of a request
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1023 based on a hash applied to IP addresses or costs
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/14 Session management for real-time applications in data packet communications networks H04L65/1066
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/142 Managing session states for stateless protocols; Signalling session states; State transitions; Keeping-state mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/34 involving the movement of software or configuration parameters network booting or remote initial program loading [RIPL] G06F9/4416
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/329 in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

The invention is a method and apparatus for facilitating facilitates load balancing in a server farm. In accordance with various aspects of the invention, all of the information about each server necessary for a load balancing program to define and execute a load balancing algorithm is stored at a predetermined URL for each server. The load balancer can query the predefined URL, which returns the necessary information. The load balancer then dynamically configures the load balancing algorithm in accordance with the returned information.

Claims

1. A method of configuring a load balancer for dispatching client requests in a server farm comprising:

initializing a load balancer by identifying address information for a plurality of servers in a server farm to said load balancer;

individually polling each of the plurality of servers by the load balancer so as to obtain a configuration file from each polled server if available, wherein;

each obtained configuration file contains the parameters necessary to configure the load balancer for bringing the associated polled server on-line; and

polling is implemented by repeating for each of said plurality of servers;

selecting by said load balancer, a next one of said plurality of servers;

sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a configuration file corresponding to said next one of said plurality of servers;

waiting for a reply from said next one of said plurality of servers;

receiving either said corresponding configuration file or an error message from said next one of said plurality of servers; and

validating parameters in said corresponding configuration file if received; and

configuring a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein:

said sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a corresponding configuration file further comprises;

issuing a request to said next one of said plurality of servers to obtain the corresponding configuration file from a Uniform Resource Locator that was provided to said load balancer as the identified address information for that server during initialization, wherein the corresponding configuration file identified by the predefined Uniform Resource Locator contains parameters including variables to be applied for configuring a load balancing scheme implemented by said load balancer; and

said receiving either said corresponding configuration file or an error message further comprises;

receiving said corresponding configuration file formatted into a language supported by the load balancer.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a corresponding configuration file further comprises:

specifying in said request for each of said configuration files, a file path and name of the corresponding configuration file in accordance with a standard file path and naming protocol.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein configuring a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm utilizing content-based routing rules obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein configuring a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm utilizing a uniform resource locator mask obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein configuring a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm utilizing at least one of time-of-day rules, session affinity rules, cookie affinity rules, server health information and a link to said server health information obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

7. A computer program product to configure a load balancer for dispatching client requests in a server farm, comprising:

a computer usable medium having computer usable program code embodied therewith, the computer usable program code comprising;

computer usable code to initialize a load balancer by identifying address information for a plurality of servers in a server farm to said load balancer;

computer usable code to individually poll each of the plurality of servers by the load balancer so as to obtain a configuration file from each polled server if available, wherein;

each obtained configuration file contains the parameters necessary to configure the load balancer for bringing the associated polled server on-line; and

polling is implemented by repeatedly executing for each of said plurality of servers;

computer usable code to select by said load balancer, a next one of said plurality of servers;

computer usable code to send a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a configuration file corresponding to said next one of said plurality of servers;

computer usable code to wait for a reply from said next one of said plurality of servers;

computer usable code to receive either said corresponding configuration file or an error message from said next one of said plurality of servers; and

computer usable code to validate parameters in said corresponding configuration file if received; and

computer usable program code to configure a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file.

8. The computer program product according to claim 7, wherein:

said computer usable code to send a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a corresponding configuration file further comprises;

computer usable code to issue a request to said next one of said plurality of servers to obtain the corresponding configuration file from a Uniform Resource Locator that was provided to said load balancer as the identified address information for that server during initialization, wherein the corresponding configuration file identified by the predefined Uniform Resource Locator contains parameters including variables to be applied for configuring a load balancing scheme implemented by said load balancer; and

said computer usable code to receive either said corresponding configuration file or an error message further comprises;

computer usable code to receive said corresponding configuration file formatted into a language supported by the load balancer.

9. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein said computer usable code to send a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a corresponding configuration file further comprises:

computer usable code to specify in said request for each of said configuration files, a file path and name of the corresponding configuration file in accordance with a standard file path and naming protocol.

10. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein said computer usable code to configure a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

computer usable code to configure said load balancing algorithm utilizing content-based routing rules obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

11. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein said computer usable code to configure a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

computer usable code to configure said load balancing algorithm utilizing a uniform resource locator mask obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

12. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein said computer usable code to configure a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

computer usable code to configure said load balancing algorithm utilizing at least one of time-of-day rules, session affinity rules, cookie affinity rules, server health information and a link to said server health information obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

13. A load balancer for dispatching client requests in a server farm, comprising:

a load balancer in data communication with a plurality of servers across a network connection, the load balancer having a processor and memory, wherein the processor is configured to;

receive address information for a plurality of servers in a server farm to said load balancer that is entered into the load balancer by a user;

poll each of the plurality of servers by the load balancer so as to obtain a configuration file from each polled server if available, wherein;

each obtained configuration file contains the parameters necessary to configure the load balancer for bringing the associated polled server on-line; and

polling is implemented by repeatedly executing for each of said plurality of servers;

selecting by said load balancer, a next one of said plurality of servers;

sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a configuration file corresponding to said next one of said plurality of servers;

waiting for a reply from said next one of said plurality of servers;

receiving either said corresponding configuration file or an error message from said next one of said plurality of servers; and

validating parameters in said corresponding configuration file if received; and

said processor further provided for configuring a load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file.

14. The load balancer according to claim 13, wherein:

sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a configuration file corresponding to said next one of said plurality of servers further comprises;

configuring the load balancer to issue a request to said next one of said plurality of servers to obtain the corresponding configuration file from a Uniform Resource Locator that was provided to said load balancer as the identified address information for that server during initialization, wherein the corresponding configuration file identified by the predefined Uniform Resource Locator contains parameters including variables to be applied for configuring a load balancing scheme implemented by said load balancer; and

receiving either said corresponding configuration file or an error message from said next one of said plurality of servers further comprises;

configuring the load balancer to receive said corresponding configuration file formatted into a language supported by the load balancer.

15. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein sending a request across a corresponding network from said load balancer to said next one of said plurality of servers for a configuration file corresponding to said next one of said plurality of servers further comprises:

configuring said load balancer to specify in said request for each of said configuration files, a file path and name of the corresponding configuration file in accordance with a standard file path and naming protocol.

16. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein configuring said load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm to utilize content-based routing rules obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

17. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein configuring said load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm to utilize a uniform resource locator mask obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

18. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein configuring said load balancing algorithm by said load balancer in accordance with said parameters that were read out of each corresponding configuration file further comprises:

configuring said load balancing algorithm to utilize at least one of time-of-day rules, session affinity rules, cookie affinity rules, server health information and a link to said server health information obtained from said parameters provided in at least one of said configuration files.

19. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein said plurality of servers comprise a server farm coupled to receive client requests via the Internet.

20. The load balancer of claim 13, wherein said configuration files are stored in one of an HTML or XML file format.