Gas Diffusion Layer for Fuel Cell

• US 20090148726A1
• Filed: 12/07/2007
• Published: 06/11/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 12/07/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION@GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS, INC.
• Inventors: Ji, Chunxin, Owejan, Jeanette E.
• Granted Patent: US 8,409,769 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/492
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0234 Carbonaceous material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0239 Organic resins; Organic polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0241 Composites
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell is described. The gas diffusion layer includes a carbon fiber mat having a substantially open structure. Bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp is added into a microporous layer ink. Alternatively, the bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp can first be disposed on the carbon fiber mat, with the microporous layer ink added thereafter. When the microporous layer ink/bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp mixture is coated on the carbon fiber mat, the ink penetrates through the open substrate, and is locked into place by the bloomed acrylic pulp fibers. This allows for a buildup of microporous layer ink on top of the substrate for added thickness when the bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp sits on top of the mat.

Claims

1. A method for forming a gas diffusion layer for use in fuel cells, comprising:

providing a fibrous mat having a plurality of interstices formed in a surface thereof;

providing a plurality of pulp fibers;

causing the plurality of pulp fibers to bloom;

providing a microporous layer;

combining the plurality of bloomed pulp fibers and the microporous layer to form a mixture; and

disposing the mixture on the fibrous mat, wherein the pulp fibers are operable to penetrate the plurality of interstices and adhere to the fibrous mat, wherein the microporous layer is held in place by the plurality of pulp fibers.

2. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the microporous layer adheres to the plurality of pulp fibers.

3. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of a carbon fibrous mat.

4. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of electroconductive fibrillated materials.

5. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous mat has an areal weight of about 20 g/m² or less.

6. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of pulp fibers is comprised of a plurality of acrylic pulp fibers.

7. The invention according to claim 1, wherein microporous layer is comprised of an ink composition.

8. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the gas diffusion layer is incorporated into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

9. A method for forming a gas diffusion layer for use in fuel cells, comprising:

providing a fibrous mat having a plurality of interstices formed in a surface thereof;

providing a plurality of pulp fibers;

disposing the pulp fibers on the fibrous mat, wherein the plurality of pulp fibers are caused to bloom prior to disposition on the fibrous mat, wherein the pulp fibers are operable to penetrate the plurality of interstices and adhere to the fibrous mat; and

providing a microporous layer disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the microporous layer is held in place by the plurality of pulp fibers.

10. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the microporous layer adheres to the plurality of pulp fibers.

11. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the microporous layer and the plurality of pulp fibers are combined prior to disposition on the fibrous mat.

12. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of a carbon fibrous mat.

13. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of electroconductive fibrillated materials.

14. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the fibrous mat has an areal weight of about 20 g/m² or less.

15. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of pulp fibers is comprised of a plurality of acrylic pulp fibers.

16. The invention according to claim 9, wherein microporous layer is comprised of an ink composition.

17. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the gas diffusion layer is incorporated into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

18. A gas diffusion layer for use in fuel cells, comprising:

a low areal weight fibrous mat;

a plurality of pulp fibers disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the pulp fibers are caused to bloom prior to being disposed on the fibrous mat; and

a microporous layer disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the microporous layer is held in place by the plurality of pulp fibers.

19. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the fibrous mat includes a plurality of interstices formed in a surface thereof.

20. The invention according to claim 19, wherein the pulp fibers are operable to penetrate the plurality of interstices and adhere to the fibrous mat.

21. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of a carbon fibrous mat.

22. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of electroconductive fibrillated materials.

23. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the fibrous mat has an areal weight of about 20 g/m² or less.

24. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the plurality of pulp fibers is comprised of a plurality of acrylic pulp fibers.

25. The invention according to claim 18, wherein microporous layer is comprised of an ink composition.

26. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the gas diffusion layer is incorporated into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

27. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the microporous layer adheres to the plurality of pulp fibers.

28. The invention according to claim 18, wherein the microporous layer and the plurality of pulp fibers are combined prior to disposition on the fibrous mat.

29. A gas diffusion layer for use in fuel cells, comprising:

a low areal weight fibrous mat, wherein the fibrous mat includes a plurality of interstices formed in a surface thereof;

a plurality of pulp fibers disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the pulp fibers are caused to bloom prior to being disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the pulp fibers are operable to penetrate the plurality of interstices and adhere to the fibrous mat; and

a microporous layer disposed on the fibrous mat, wherein the microporous layer is held in place by the plurality of pulp fibers, wherein the microporous layer is comprised of an ink composition.

30. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of a carbon fibrous mat.

31. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the fibrous mat is comprised of electroconductive fibrillated materials.

32. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the fibrous mat has an areal weight of about 20 g/m² or less.

33. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the plurality of pulp fibers is comprised of a plurality of acrylic pulp fibers.

34. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the gas diffusion layer is incorporated into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

35. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the microporous layer adheres to the plurality of pulp fibers.

36. The invention according to claim 29, wherein the microporous layer and the plurality of pulp fibers are combined prior to disposition on the fibrous mat.