Nanoparticle biosensors
First Claim
1. A composition comprising:
- at least one nanoparticle comprising a surface functionalized with at least one first monolayer component and at least one second monolayer component different from the first, wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the first monolayer component to the amount of the second monolayer component is adapted to provide a stability against aggregation of nanoparticles when a collection of the nanoparticles is dispersed in water.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Compositions which are useful in ultralow level of detection based on functionalized nanoparticles having exceptional combinations of properties including stability, brightness, binding specificity, and ability to be imaged at single nanoparticle resolution over desired period of time. The biological moieties on the nanoparticles preserve biological function. The nanoparticle surface can comprise a first monolayer component which is adapted to bind to a biological moiety. The biological moiety can be adapted to bind to an analyte. The nanoparticle surface can further comprise a second monolayer component, which is adapted to help expose the first monolayer component on the surface. Other components on the surface can help stabilize the nanoparticle. The nanoparticles are stable against aggregation, have photostability (non-photodecomposition and non-blinking), and can achieve single molecule detection in real time. Analytes can be detected at low levels both in solution and on surfaces such as cell surfaces.
14 Citations
135 Claims
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1. A composition comprising:
at least one nanoparticle comprising a surface functionalized with at least one first monolayer component and at least one second monolayer component different from the first, wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the first monolayer component to the amount of the second monolayer component is adapted to provide a stability against aggregation of nanoparticles when a collection of the nanoparticles is dispersed in water. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29)
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5. (canceled)
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8. (canceled)
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12. (canceled)
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14. (canceled)
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16-19. -19. (canceled)
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24. (canceled)
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28. (canceled)
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30. (canceled)
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31. A composition comprising:
at least one noble metal nanoparticle comprising a surface functionalized with at least one first monolayer component and at least one second monolayer component different from the first, wherein the first monolayer component is further functionalized with a biological moiety, and wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the first monolayer component to the amount of the second monolayer component is adapted to provide a stability against aggregation of nanoparticles when a collection of the nanoparticles is dispersed in water.
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32-50. -50. (canceled)
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51. A composition comprising:
at least one nanoparticle comprising a surface functionalized with at least one first monolayer component and at least one second monolayer component different from the first, wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the first monolayer component to the amount of the second monolayer component is adapted to provide a stability against aggregation of nanoparticles when a collection of the nanoparticles is dispersed in water, wherein the first component is further functionalized with a biological moiety for binding to an analyte. - View Dependent Claims (55, 58, 61, 63, 65, 69, 70, 71, 77, 101, 102, 103, 106, 109, 110, 113, 115)
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52-54. -54. (canceled)
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56-57. -57. (canceled)
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59-60. -60. (canceled)
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62. (canceled)
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66-68. -68. (canceled)
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72-76. -76. (canceled)
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78-80. -80. (canceled)
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81. A method comprising:
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providing at least one noble metal nanoparticle, functionalizing the surface of the noble metal nanoparticle with a first monolayer component and a second monolayer component different from the first. - View Dependent Claims (82, 84, 88, 92, 96, 99, 100)
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83. (canceled)
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85-87. -87. (canceled)
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89-91. -91. (canceled)
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93-95. -95. (canceled)
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97-98. -98. (canceled)
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104-105. -105. (canceled)
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107-108. -108. (canceled)
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111-112. -112. (canceled)
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114. (canceled)
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116-120. -120. (canceled)
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121. A method of detecting an analyte using a sensor comprising a sensor molecule coupled to a nanoparticle, the method comprising:
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exposing the sensor to the analyte, whereby the sensor molecule selectively binds to the analyte; and detecting an optical property of the nanoparticle in real-time with single-molecule resolution. - View Dependent Claims (122, 123, 124, 126)
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125. (canceled)
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127. A complex comprising a protein or protein fragment coupled to a nanoparticle, wherein the protein or protein fragment is bound to a protein or protein fragment on the surface of a biological cell, thereby coupling the nanoparticle to the biological cell;
- and further wherein the nanoparticle exhibits localized surface plasmon resonance.
- View Dependent Claims (128, 129, 130, 131, 134)
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132-133. -133. (canceled)
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135-136. -136. (canceled)
Specification