System, devices, and methods including actively-controllable sterilizing excitation delivery implants

• US 20090163965A1
• Filed: 12/04/2008
• Published: 06/25/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/17/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Gearbox LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Searete LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Ishikawa, Muriel Y., Smith, Michael A., Myhrvold, Nathan P., Tegreene, Clarence T., Boyden, Edward S., Wood, Lowell L. JR., Rivet, Dennis J., Hyde, Roderick A., Kare, Jordin T., Sweeney, Elizabeth A., Wood, Victoria Y.H., Leuthardt, Eric C., Dacey, Ralph G. JR., Della Rocca, Gregory J., Santiago, Paul, Stewart, Todd J., Dowling, Joshua L.
• Application Number:
  US12/315,884
• Publication Number:
  US 20090163965A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/3
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30 Joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/32 for the hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/48 Operating or control means, e.g. from outside the body, control of sphincters
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/481 Acoustic or audible means
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/482 Electrical means
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30087 piezoelectric
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3067 for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30677 Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0002 for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/0097 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/0011 using physical methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/08 Radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/14 Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2202/14 Means for controlling sterilisation processes, data processing, presentation and storage means, e.g. sensors, controllers, programs
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2202/24 Medical instruments, e.g. endoscopes, catheters, sharps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/001 Apparatus specially adapted for cleaning or sterilising syringes or needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/205 for promoting a biological process
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37252 Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3785 generated by biological activity or substance, e.g. body movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source

Abstract

Systems, devices, methods, and compositions are described for providing an actively-controllable disinfecting implantable device configured to, for example, treat or prevent an infection in a biological subject.

Claims

1. An implantable device, comprising:

a first outer surface;

an actively-controllable excitation component configurable to deliver a sterilizing stimulus, in vivo, to tissue proximate the first outer surface of the implantable device; and

a control means operably coupled to the actively-controllable excitation component, the control means configured to control at least one of

a sterilizing stimulus delivery regimen parameter, a spaced-apart sterilizing stimulus delivery pattern parameter, a spatial electric field modulation parameter, a spatial electric field magnitude parameter, or a spatial electric field distribution parameter associated with the delivery of the sterilizing stimulus.

2. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to apply a spatially-patterned sterilizing stimulus.

3. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to apply an actively controllable spatially-patterned sterilizing stimulus.

4. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to deliver at least one of

an electrical sterilizing stimulus, an electromagnetic sterilizing stimulus,

an ultrasonic sterilizing stimulus, or a thermal sterilizing stimulus, in vivo, to tissue proximate the first outer surface.

10. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to concurrently or sequentially deliver at least a first sterilizing stimulus and a second sterilizing stimulus, the second sterilizing stimulus different than the first sterilizing stimulus;

wherein the first sterilizing stimulus comprise one of an electrical sterilizing stimulus, an electromagnetic sterilizing stimulus, an ultrasonic sterilizing stimulus, or a thermal sterilizing stimulus, and the second sterilizing stimulus comprises the different one of an electrical sterilizing stimulus, an electromagnetic sterilizing stimulus, an ultrasonic sterilizing stimulus, or a thermal sterilizing stimulus.

12. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the control means is configured to control at least one parameter associated with a spatial illumination field modulation, a spatial illumination field intensity, or a spatial illumination delivery pattern.

16. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to provide a voltage across at least a portion of the tissue proximate the first outer surface from a power source coupled to the implantable device, the voltage sufficient to exceed a nominal dielectric strength of a cell plasma membrane without substantially interfering with a normal operation of the implantable device.

17. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component is configured to deliver a sterilizing stimulus of a character and for a time sufficient to provide a spatially-patterned sterilizing stimulus.

19. The implantable device of claim 1, wherein the actively-controllable excitation component includes a spatially-patterned energy-emitting element configured to provide a spatially-patterned sterilizing stimulus, the spatially-patterned energy-emitting element having a plurality of spaced apart electrodes.

30. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one processor, the at least one processor communicably-coupled to the actively-controllable excitation component and configured to control at least one of

a duration time, a delivery schedule, a delivery location, or a spatial-pattern stimulation configuration associated with the delivery of the sterilizing stimulus.

31. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

a scaffold-forming material supply component configured to deliver at least one scaffold-forming material to the first outer surface.

33. The implantable device of claim 31, wherein the scaffold-forming material supply component includes one or more controllable-release ports to deliver the at least one scaffold-forming material to the first outer surface.

34. The implantable device of claim 31, wherein the scaffold-forming material comprises at least one of scaffold-forming collagens, scaffold-forming proteins, or scaffold-forming substances.

36. The implantable device of claim 31, wherein the scaffold-forming material comprises at least one of elastin fibers, soluble elastin, or hydrophobic non-glycosylated proteins.

43. The implantable device of claim 31, further comprising:

at least one processor, the processor communicably-coupled to the scaffold-forming material supply component and configured to control at least one of

a delivery rate, a delivery amount, a delivery composition, a port release rate, a port release amount, or a port release pattern associated with the delivery of the scaffold-forming material to the first outer surface.

44. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

a transcutaneous energy transfer system, the transcutaneous energy transfer system electromagnetically, magnetically, ultrasonically, optically, inductively, electrically, or capacitively-coupled to the actively-controllable excitation component.

45. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

a power source, the power source electromagnetically, magnetically, ultrasonically, optically, inductively, electrically, or capacitively-coupled to the actively-controllable excitation component.

47. The implantable device of claim 45, wherein the power source is configured to wirelessly receive power from a remote power supply.

50. The implantable device of claim 45, wherein the power source is configured to manage a duty cycle associated with emitting an effective amount of the sterilizing stimulus from the actively-controllable excitation component.

51. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

a power source, the power source including at least one of a thermoelectric generator, a piezoelectric generator, a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) generator, or a biomechanical-energy harvesting generator.

52. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

a power receiver configurable to receive power from an in vivo power source.

53. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

one or more sensors configured to determine at least one characteristic associated with a tissue proximate the first outer surface.

54. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the one or more sensors are configured to determine a spatial dependence associated with the least one characteristic.

55. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the one or more sensors are configured to determine a temporal dependence associated with the least one characteristic.

57. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface includes at least one of

an electromagnetic energy absorption parameter, an electromagnetic energy emission parameter, an electromagnetic energy scattering parameter, an electromagnetic energy reflectance parameter, or an electromagnetic energy depolarization parameter.

58. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface includes at least one of a transmittance, an interrogation energy frequency change, a frequency shift, an interrogation energy phase change, or a phase shift.

60. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface includes at least one of an electrical conductivity, and electrical polarizability, or an electrical permittivity.

61. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface includes at least one of a thermal conductivity, a thermal diffusivity, a tissue temperature, or a regional temperature.

62. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface includes at least one of an absorption coefficient, an extinction coefficient, a scattering coefficient, a transmission coefficient, a frequency change, a reflection, a phase change, or ultrasonic energy phase change.

68. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the control means is operably coupled to the one or more sensors configured to determine the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface.

69. The implantable device of claim 53, wherein the control means is configured to perform a comparison of the at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface to stored reference data, and to generate a response based at least in part on the comparison.

73. The implantable device of claim 53, further comprising:

circuitry for performing a comparison of the determined at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the first outer surface to stored reference data following delivery of the sterilizing stimulus, and

circuitry for generating a response based at least in part on the comparison.

76. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

one or more sensors configured to determine at least one physiological characteristic associated with a biological subject.

89. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

circuitry for obtaining information; and

circuitry for storing the obtained information.

90. The implantable device of claim 89, further comprising:

one or more processors configured to perform a comparison of at least one physiological characteristic of a biological subject to the obtained information, and to generate a response based at least in part on the comparison.

91. The implantable device of claim 89, wherein the circuitry for obtaining information includes circuitry for obtaining information associated with a delivery of the sterilizing stimulus.

93. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one receiver configured to acquire information.

95. The implantable device of claim 93, wherein the at least one receiver is configured to acquire information associated with a delivery of the sterilizing stimulus.

100. The implantable device of claim 1, further comprising:

circuitry for providing information.

101. The implantable device of claim 100, wherein the circuitry for providing information includes circuitry for providing status information regarding the implantable device.

103. The implantable device of claim 100, further comprising:

at least one transmitter configured to send information.

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71. The implantable device of claim 70, wherein the generated response includes at least one of a response signal, a control signal, a change to a sterilizing stimulus parameter, a change in an excitation intensity, a change in an excitation frequency, a change in an excitation pulse frequency, a change in an excitation pulse ratio, a change in an excitation pulse intensity, a change in an excitation pulse duration time, a change in an excitation pulse repetition rate, a change to a sterilizing stimulus spatial pattern, or a change in a sterilizing stimulus delivery regiment parameter.

72. (canceled)

74. (canceled)

78. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the at least one physiological characteristic includes at least one hematological parameter.

79. The implantable device of claim 78, wherein the hematological parameter is associated with a hematological abnormality.

80. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the at least one physiological characteristic includes one or more parameters associated with at least one of neutropenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, bacteremia, or viremia.

81. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the at least one physiological characteristic includes at least one of an infection marker, an inflammation marker, an infective stress marker, or a sepsis marker.

83. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the at least one physiological characteristic includes at least one of a cytokine plasma concentration or an acute phase protein plasma concentration.

84. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the control means is operably coupled to the one or more sensors configured to determine the at least one physiological characteristic of the biological subject.

85. The implantable device of claim 74, wherein the control means is configured to perform a comparison of the determined at least one physiological characteristic of the biological subject to stored reference data, and to generate a response based at least in part on the comparison.

88. The implantable device of claim 74, further comprising:

one or more processors configured to perform a comparison of the determined at least one physiological characteristic of the biological subject to stored reference data, and to generate a response based at least in part on the comparison.

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104. An implantable device, comprising:

an actively-controllable excitation component configured to deliver a sterilizing stimulus, in vivo, to a target tissue proximate at least a portion of the actively-controllable excitation component; and

means for controlling at least one sterilizing stimulus delivery parameter associated with the delivery of the sterilizing stimulus in response to at least one characteristic associated with the tissue proximate the actively-controllable excitation component.

159. The implantable device of claim 104, further comprising:

circuitry for obtaining information; and

circuitry for storing the obtained information.

168. The implantable device of claim 104, further comprising:

circuitry for providing information.

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