Diagnostic Radio Frequency Identification Sensors And Applications Thereof

• US 20090209904A1
• Filed: 01/09/2009
• Published: 08/20/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Altivera, LLC
• Original Assignee: John P. Peeters
• Inventors: Peeters, John P.
• Granted Patent: US 8,077,042 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/66
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0242 adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0285 Apparatus for single use
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0412 Low-profile patch shaped housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0462 Apparatus with built-in sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/08 Sensors provided with means for identification, e.g. barcodes or memory chips
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0008 Temperature signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02028 Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1112 Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14514 using means for aiding extraction of interstitial fluid, e.g. microneedles or suction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1491 Heated applicators
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150022 for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150358 Strips for collecting blood, e.g. absorbent optical reagent test strips G01N21/8483; chemical reagent test strips G01N33/4875, G01N33/52
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150793 Electrical or magnetic identification means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150854 long distance, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15087 short range, e.g. between console and disposable using implanted devices A61B5/150877
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150969 Low-profile devices which resemble patches or plasters, e.g. also allowing collection of blood samples for testing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150984 : Microneedles or microblades
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/157 : Devices characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/411 : Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 : combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6833 : Adhesive patches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/98 : using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders
• CPC Class Codes: A62B 99/00 : Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/08 : Geometry, shape and general structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 : Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0819 : Microarrays; Biochips
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0825 : Test strips
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 21/00 : Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 13/00 : Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00881 : network configurations
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/12 : Meat; fish
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/146 : containing alcohol
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54373 : involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5438 : Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/58 : involving labelled substances G01N33/53 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00871 : Communications between instruments or with remote terminals
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0717 : the sensor being capable of sensing environmental conditions such as temperature history or pressure
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 : the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 31/00 : Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 1/72412 : using two-way short-range wireless interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 2250/02 : including a Bluetooth interface
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 : Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 80/00 : Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 : Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/02 : Terminal devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/06 : adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 30/00 : Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Abstract

An integrated passive wireless chip diagnostic sensor system is described that can be interrogated remotely with a wireless device such as a modified cell phone incorporating multi-protocol RFID reader capabilities (such as the emerging Gen-2 standard) or Bluetooth, providing universal easy to use, low cost and immediate quantitative analyses, geolocation and sensor networking capabilities to users of the technology. The present invention can be integrated into various diagnostic platforms and is applicable for use with low power sensors such as thin films, MEMS, electrochemical, thermal, resistive, nano or microfluidic sensor technologies. Applications of the present invention include on-the-spot medical and self-diagnostics on smart skin patches, Point-of-Care (POC) analyses, food diagnostics, pathogen detection, disease-specific wireless biomarker detection, remote structural stresses detection and sensor networks for industrial or Homeland Security using low cost wireless devices such as modified cell phones.

Claims

1. A personal diagnostics system comprising:

a disposable flexible patch having an adhesive portion adapted to be positioned on a skin surface of a human subject said patch having means for transdermally sampling a glucose level from said human subject by capillary action;

a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip with a unique ID and sensor module integrated with said patch and having an antenna, said RFID chip and sensor module for measuring the level of glucose in a transdermal sample from said subject for wirelessly transmitting, through the use of said antenna, signals that correspond to said glucose level in said subject and a wireless cell phone RFID reader adapted to communicate through the use of multiple protocols with said RFID chip and sensor module, said cell phone reader being adapted to communicate over a wireless network through the use of multiple communication protocols and an insulin pump with an outlet to said human subject, said insulin pump responsive to RF signals from said cell phone to administer insulin to said human subject.

2. The system in claim 1, where the transdermal means for sampling glucose is non-invasive or minimally invasive.

3. The system in claim 1, where the transdermal means involves optical means.

4. The system in claim 1, where the transdermal means involves electrochemical means.

5. The system in claim 1, where the transdermal means includes micro-knives.

6. The system in claim 1, where the RF signals from the cell phone include Bluetooth.

7. A networkable personal wireless diabetes management system comprising:

a personal wireless reader device with an internal microprocessor, a wireless communication means for accessing a public wireless network, at least one additional reader or radio for communicating with an external wireless device and a geolocation means;

a remote data storage system and server accessible via the public wireless network compatible via at least one protocol or communication means included in said personal wireless device;

a disposable non-invasive or minimally invasive wireless diagnostic skin patch with a unique ID and a glucose sensor adapted to be applied on the surface of the skin to measure glucose levels in an individual and compatible with at least one of the readers of said personal wireless device;

an autonomous wireless insulin delivery pump compatible with one of the readers of said personal wireless device, whereby,

the personal wireless device typically first checks glucose levels of said wireless skin patch checking the unique ID, if said ID is not recognized then the wireless device retrieves relevant information and software from said remote server via said public wireless network, measured glucose levels are then transferred wirelessly from said diagnostic skin patch to the personal wireless device, and the internal microprocessor of said personal wireless device analyzes glucose levels, then in a second stage said microprocessor functions as a controller for the wireless insulin delivery pump to control insulin delivery to a diabetic patient based on the measured glucose level of said diabetic patient via an RF transmission.

8. The system in claim 7 where one of the readers of said personal wireless reader device is an RFID radio.

9. The system in claim 7, where one of the readers of said personal wireless reader device is a Bluetooth radio.

10. The system in claim 7, where the combination of RFID and Bluetooth is used in said personal wireless device for said diabetes management system.

11. The system in claim 7, where the personal wireless reader device is a cell phone.

12. The system in claim 7, where the personal wireless reader device is a PDA.

13. The system in claim 7, where the personal wireless reader device is a wireless laptop.

14. The system in claim 7, where said wireless diagnostic skin patch includes micro-knives.

15. A painless disposable transdermal wireless glucose skin patch comprising:

a unique ID that can be read directly by a cell phone capable of recognizing said unique ID anywhere in the world via access to a remote server, said patch further including a temperature sensor and a reference sensor.