ION DETECTOR AND SYSTEM
First Claim
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1. Apparatus for detecting current or potential generated by ionic species in a sample solution containing such ions, said apparatus comprising:
- (a) an electrolytic ion transfer device including(1) a sample flow-through channel having an inlet and an outlet,(2) a first charged barrier disposed along said sample flow-through channel in fluid contact therewith, said first charged barrier being capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow,(3) a first chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first charged barrier from said sample flow-through channel, and(4) first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said first chamber and said sample flow-through channel, respectively; and
(b) an electrical signal detector in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes.
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Abstract
Apparatus and method for detecting current or potential generated in a liquid sample suitable for use in a chromatography or other liquid sample analytical system. One embodiment is an electrolytic ion transfer device with a signal detector in communication with the electrodes of the transfer device. Another is a combination ion transfer device/electrolyte generator. Another substitutes a detector for the ion transfer device in the combination.
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Citations
48 Claims
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1. Apparatus for detecting current or potential generated by ionic species in a sample solution containing such ions, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) an electrolytic ion transfer device including (1) a sample flow-through channel having an inlet and an outlet, (2) a first charged barrier disposed along said sample flow-through channel in fluid contact therewith, said first charged barrier being capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, (3) a first chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first charged barrier from said sample flow-through channel, and (4) first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said first chamber and said sample flow-through channel, respectively; and (b) an electrical signal detector in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. Apparatus for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) an electrolytic ion transfer device including (1) a sample flow-through channel, (2) a first charged barrier disposed along said sample flow-through channel in fluid contact therewith, said first charged barrier being capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, (3) a first chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first charged barrier from said sample flow-through channel, and (4) first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said first chamber and said sample flow-through channel, respectively; and (b) an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising; (1) a first electrolyte source reservoir, (2) a first electrolyte generation chamber, (3) a first electrolyte charged barrier capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, disposed between said first electrolyte source reservoir and said first electrolyte generation chamber, and (4) third and fourth electrodes in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes, respectively, and with said first electrode source reservoir and said electrolyte generation chamber, respectively, and (c) a detector for said electrolyte generated in said electrolyte generation chamber in fluid communication therewith. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. Apparatus for detecting current or potential generated by ions in a sample solution comprising:
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(a) flow-through ion exchange medium in a housing having an inlet and an outlet, (b) first and second electrodes disposed to pass an electric current through said ion exchange medium, and (c) an electric signal detector in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method for detecting current or potential generated by ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said method comprising:
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(a) providing an electrolytic ion transfer device including a sample flow-through channel, a first charged barrier capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow disposed along said sample channel in fluid contact therewith, and a first ion receiving chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first barrier from said sample flow through channel, (b) flowing an aqueous sample stream including sample ionic species through said sample channel to exit as a sample channel effluent, (c) passing an electric current between first and second electrodes in electric communication with said sample stream in said sample channel and aqueous liquid in said ion receiving chamber, respectively, (d) transporting at least a portion of the sample stream ions across said first charged barrier into aqueous solution in said first ion receiving chamber under the influence of said electric current, and, (e) detecting an electrical signal produced by current flowing between said first and second electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33)
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31. A method for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said method comprising:
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(a) providing an electrolytic ion transfer device including a flow-through sample channel, a first charged barrier capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow disposed along said sample channel in fluid contact therewith, and a first ion receiving chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first barrier from said sample barrier, (b) flowing an aqueous sample stream including ions through said flow-through said sample channel, (c) passing an electric current between first and second electrodes in electric communication with said sample stream in said sample channel and aqueous liquid in said ion receiving chamber, respectively, (d) transporting at least a portion of the sample stream ions across said first charged barrier into aqueous solution in said first ion receiving chamber under the influence of said electric current, (e) providing an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising a first electrolyte source reservoir separated from an electrolyte generating chamber by a second charged barrier having exchangeable ions capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, (f) flowing an aqueous solution through said electrolyte generating chamber, (g) applying a potential using a common power supply, between said first and second electrodes, and between third and fourth electrodes, in electrical communication with solution in said first electrolyte source reservoir and in said first electrolyte generating chamber, respectively, to pass ions of one charge, positive or negative, through said second charged barrier to generate electrolyte aqueous solution in said first electrolyte generation chamber, and (h) detecting said generated electrolyte solution.
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34. A method for detecting current or potential generated by sample ionic species in a sample solution comprising:
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(a) flowing a sample solution including sample ionic species through ion exchange medium, (b) passing an electric current through said ion exchange medium between first and second electrodes, and (c) detecting an electric signal produced by current flowing between said first and second electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37)
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38. Apparatus for detecting analyte in a sample solution containing said analyte, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) a detector sample flow channel for liquid sample containing analyte, (b) a signal detector operatively associated with said detector sample flow channel for detecting analyte in liquid sample therein, said signal detector generating an electrical signal in response to the concentration of said analyte, (c) an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising (1) a first electrolyte source reservoir, (2) a first electrolyte generation chamber, (3) a first electrolyte charged barrier capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, disposed between said first electrolyte source reservoir and said first electrolyte generation chamber, and (4) first and second electrodes in an electrical circuit with electrical communication with said detector generated electric signal, and with said first electrode source reservoir and said electrolyte generation chamber, respectively, and (d) an electrolyte detector for said electrolyte generated in said electrolyte generation chamber in fluid communication therewith. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40)
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41. A method for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said method comprising:
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(a) flowing an aqueous sample stream including analyte through a detector sample flow channel, (b) detecting the concentration of analyte in said sample flow channel and generating an electrical signal in response to the detected concentration of said analyte, (c) providing an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising a first electrolyte source reservoir separated from an electrolyte generating chamber by a second charged barrier having exchangeable ions capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, (d) flowing an aqueous solution through said electrolyte generating chamber, (e) passing said generated electrical signal across to first and second electrodes of opposite polarity, in electrical communication with solution in said first electrolyte source reservoir and in said first electrolyte generating chamber, respectively, to pass ions of one charge, positive or negative, through said second charged barrier to generate electrolyte aqueous solution in said first electrolyte generation chamber, and (f) detecting said generated electrolyte solution. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43)
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44. Apparatus for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) an electrolytic ion transfer device including (1) a sample flow-through channel, (2) a first charged barrier disposed along said sample flow-through channel in fluid contact therewith, said first charged barrier being capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, (3) a first chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first charged barrier from said sample flow-through channel, and (4) first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said first chamber and said sample flow-through channel, respectively; (b) an electrolytic electrolyte generator having an inlet and an outlet and having third and fourth electrodes in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes, respectively, and (c) a detector in fluid communication with said electrolyte generator outlet.
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45. Apparatus for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) an electrolytic ion transfer device including (1) a sample flow-through channel, (2) a first charged barrier disposed along said sample flow-through channel in fluid contact therewith, said first charged barrier being capable of passing ions of one charge, positive or negative, and of blocking bulk liquid flow, (3) a first chamber disposed on the opposite side of said first charged barrier from said sample flow-through channel, and (4) first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said first chamber and said sample flow-through channel, respectively; and (b) an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising; (1) flow-through ion exchange medium, having an inlet and an outlet, (2) third and fourth electrodes in electrical communication with said first and second electrodes, respectively, and with said ion exchange medium, and (c) a detector in fluid communication with said ion exchange medium outlet.
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46. Apparatus for detecting analyte in a sample solution containing said analyte, said apparatus comprising:
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(a) a detector sample flow channel for liquid sample containing analyte, (b) a signal detector operatively associated with said detector sample flow channel for detecting analyte in liquid sample therein, said signal detector generating an electrical signal in response to the concentration of said analyte, (c) an electrolytic electrolyte generator comprising flow-through ion exchange medium having an inlet and an outlet, and first and second spaced-apart electrodes disposed adjacent said ion exchange medium to pass an electrical potential through said medium, said first and second electrodes being in electrical communication with said detector generated electrical signal, and (d) an electrolyte detector in fluid communication with said ion exchange medium outlet.
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47. A method for detecting ions in a sample solution containing such ions, said method comprising:
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(a) flowing an aqueous sample stream including analyte through a detector sample flow channel, (b) detecting the concentration of analyte in said sample flow channel and generating an electrical signal in response to the detected concentration of said analyte, (c) providing an electrolytic electrolyte generator having first and second electrodes in electrical communication with said electrical signal, (d) passing said generated electrical signal to said first and second electrodes to generate electrolyte aqueous solution, and (e) detecting electrolyte solution generated in said eluent generator. - View Dependent Claims (48)
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Specification