Detection and Ranging Device and Detection and Ranging Method

• US 20090224978A1
• Filed: 02/10/2009
• Published: 09/10/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/04/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Shirakawa, Kazuo
• Granted Patent: US 7,782,249 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 342/386
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/42 Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates indirect measurement G01S13/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/48 using multiple beams at emission or reception
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/931 of land vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/74 Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals systems in which the directions of different signals are determined sequentially and displayed simultaneously G01S3/04, G01S3/14
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/35 Details of non-pulse systems

Abstract

A pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix generating unit selects, from matrixes R_f1, R_f2, R_b1 and R_b2, one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination to generate a pseudo-spatial-average-covariance matrix R. A pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix Hermitian-conjugate product generating unit generates a target-count-estimation matrix RR^H. A target-count-estimation-matrix decomposing unit performs LU decomposition on RR^H into a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U. An index generating unit generates an index using elements of the upper triangular matrix U. An index-parameter scanning unit estimates a target count by using the index generated by the index generating unit.

Claims

1. A detection and ranging device with a transmission sensor array and a reception sensor array that is formed of n (2≦

n) sensor elements, estimating a target count indicating the number of targets based on reflected signals of transmission signals sent from the transmission sensor array and reflected from the targets, and estimating an angle at which each reflected signal comes based on the target count, the detection and ranging device comprising;

a correlation-vector generating unit that generates correlation vectors based on outputs of the n sensor elements of the reception sensor array;

a pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit that calculates a pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix based on the correlation vectors generated by the correlation-vector generating unit;

a target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit that generates a target-count-estimation matrix based on the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix calculated by the pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit; and

a target-count estimating unit that estimates the target count based on an index defined by using diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix or elements of an upper triangular matrix, as a result of matrix decomposition performed on the target-count-estimation matrix generated by the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit.

2. The detection and ranging device according to claim 1, wherein

the pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit generates a pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrix based on the correlation vectors generated by the correlation-vector generating unit and the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix calculated by the pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit, and

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates the target-count-estimation matrix based on either one or both of the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix calculated by the pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrix calculated by the pseudo-spatial-average-covariance-matrix calculating unit.

3. The detection and ranging device according to claim 2, further comprising a monitoring unit that monitors either one or both of a relative elongation assumed between the targets and an S/N ratio of the reflected signal, wherein

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates the target-count-estimation matrix by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal monitored by the monitoring unit.

4. The detection and ranging device according to claim 3, wherein

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal monitored by the monitoring unit, and performs LU decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix, and

the target-count estimating unit estimates the target count based on an index defined by using elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the LU decomposition.

5. The detection and ranging device according to claim 3, wherein

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting at least one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal monitored by the monitoring unit, and performs Cholesky decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix, and

the target-count estimating unit estimates the target count based on an index defined by using elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the Cholesky decomposition.

6. The detection and ranging device according to claim 3, wherein

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal monitored by the monitoring unit, and performs LDM decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix, and

the target-count estimating unit estimates the target count based on an index defined by using diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix obtained as a result of the LDM decomposition or by using the diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix and elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the LDM decomposition.

7. The detection and ranging device according to claim 3, wherein

the target-count-estimation-matrix generating unit generates, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal monitored by the monitoring unit, and

the target-count estimating unit decomposes the target-count-estimation matrix through any one decomposition scheme of Cholesky decomposition, LU decomposition, and LDM decomposition according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal to estimate the target count by using an index suitable to the decomposition scheme and, when the estimation of the target count is not normally completed, performs another decomposition scheme to again estimate the target count by using an index suitable to the other decomposition scheme.

8. A detection and ranging method for a detection and ranging device with a transmission sensor array and a reception sensor array that is formed of n (2≦

n) sensor elements, estimating a target count indicating the number of targets based on reflected signals of transmission signals sent from the transmission sensor array and reflected from the targets, and estimating an angle at which each reflected signal comes based on the target count, the detection and ranging method comprising;

generating correlation vectors based on outputs of the n sensor elements of the reception sensor array;

calculating a pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix based on the generated correlation vectors;

calculating a pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrix based on the calculated pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrix;

generating, as a target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the calculated pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the calculated pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes; and

estimating the target count based on an index defined by using diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix or elements of an upper triangular matrix, as a result of matrix decomposition performed on the generated target-count-estimation matrix.

9. The detection and ranging method according to claim 8, further comprising monitoring either one or both of a relative elongation assumed between the targets and an S/N ratio of the reflected signal, wherein

generating the target-count-estimation matrix by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the monitored relative elongation assumed between the targets and the monitored S/N ratio of the reflected signal.

10. The detection and ranging method according to claim 9, wherein

generating, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the monitored relative elongation assumed between the targets and the monitored S/N ratio of the reflected signal;

performing LU decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix; and

estimating the target count based on an index defined by using elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the LU decomposition.

11. The detection and ranging method according to claim 9, wherein

generating, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting at least one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the monitored relative elongation assumed between the targets and the monitored S/N ratio of the reflected signal;

performing Cholesky decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix; and

estimating the target count based on an index defined by using elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the Cholesky decomposition.

12. The detection and ranging method according to claim 9, wherein

generating, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the monitored relative elongation assumed between the targets and the monitored S/N ratio of the reflected signal;

performing LDM decomposition on the target-count-estimation matrix; and

estimating the target count based on an index defined by using diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix obtained as a result of the LDM decomposition or by using the diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix and elements of an upper triangular matrix obtained as a result of the LDM decomposition.

13. The detection and ranging method according to claim 9, wherein

generating, as the target-count-estimation matrix, a product of an output matrix and a Hermitian conjugate of the output matrix, the output matrix being generated by selecting one appropriate matrix or two or more appropriate matrixes for combination from among the pseudo-forward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes and the pseudo-backward-spatial-average-covariance matrixes according to either one or both of the monitored relative elongation assumed between the targets and the monitored S/N ratio of the reflected signal;

decomposing the target-count-estimation matrix through any one decomposition scheme of Cholesky decomposition, LU decomposition, and LDM decomposition according to either one or both of the relative elongation assumed between the targets and the S/N ratio of the reflected signal to estimate the target count by using an index suitable to the decomposition scheme; and

performing, when the estimation of the target count is not normally completed, another decomposition scheme to again estimate the target count by using an index suitable to the other decomposition scheme.