Solar powered DC load system

• US 20090236911A1
• Filed: 03/17/2009
• Published: 09/24/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Min Carroll
• Original Assignee: Min Carroll
• Inventors: Carroll, Min
• Granted Patent: US 7,847,512 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/48
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/35 with light sensitive cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 10/00 PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/50 Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The solar powered direct current (DC) load system is a reliable, versatile and user friendly system; it uses solar energy and rechargeable battery powering at least one type of DC load which are: a type of water pump and a type of at least one LED; the system comprises a battery discharge control circuit and a battery output circuit for DC load (FIG. 1), at least one rechargeable battery source (42-F1) which is protected by a preset voltage that limits the lowest discharge level, the circuits in the FIG. 1 are able to combine the circuits in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 which enable operations of the day time and night time DC load to synchronize the day and night cycles; FIG. 4 is a combination system which incorporates circuits in the FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to create a water pumping system combined an illumination system which can turn on and off automatically; FIG. 4a with a switch and additional LEDs in addition to the FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a combination system that incorporates circuits in the FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to create a water pumping system that works during the day and shuts down at night automatically; FIG. 5a with a switch in addition to the FIG. 5; FIG. 6 is a combination system which incorporates FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 circuits to create an illumination system that has at least one LED which can turn off in the morning and turn on at the evening automatically.

Claims

1. The solar powered DC load system comprising:

(a) a battery discharge control circuit comprising a preset voltage that is determined by components of at least one diode, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode, an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a normally open (N.O.) device, a nominal voltage that is nominated by at least one rechargeable battery source;

the components within the preset voltage are connected to each other in series then coupled to at least one rechargeable battery source in parallel;

the preset voltage is approximately equal to or greater than the nominal voltage of the rechargeable battery source, when the input voltage drops out of the low end control range of the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device and reaches the preset voltage level, an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device opens up and disconnects at least one type of DC (direct current) load to access the rechargeable battery source, the preset voltage is the lowest level that the rechargeable battery source can discharge;

the rechargeable battery source includes a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack; and

(b) a battery output circuit for DC load comprising at least one rechargeable battery source that is the same storage source in the battery discharge control circuit, and is connected in parallel to a diode and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.O. device in the battery discharge control circuit, at least one type of the DC load which includes a type of water pump and a type of at least one LED directly or indirectly connected in series to the negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device; and

said (a) battery discharge control circuit and said (b) a battery output circuit for DC load can combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 to create a combination system;

whereby the battery discharge control circuit and battery output circuit for DC load which show the circuits are reliable and cost effective and they are able to combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 make the system more useful.

13. The solar powered DC load system according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 8, or 9, or 10, or 11, or 12, wherein said replacement of the zener diode is a component that can replace the zener diode, the replacement of the zener diode further comprising a light emitting diode or a resistor or a component that consumes approximately the same voltage and current as the zener diode.

14. The solar powered DC load system according to claim 1, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 9, or 10, or 11, wherein said normally open (N.O.) device is a device that can replace the normally open (N.O.) solid state relay;

the N.O. device further comprising a normally open I/O module, or a normally open relay, or an normally open optocoupler (opto-isolator) or a device that performs the similar functions as the normally open (N. O.) solid state relay;

the normally open (N.O.) device having the input of positive and negative poles or control terminals and the output of positive and negative poles or first and second output terminals, the input current and voltage control the output current and voltage.

2. The solar powered DC load system comprising:

(a) a control circuit for night time DC load comprising a predetermined voltage that is determined by at least one diode connected in series to an input of a normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or a normally closed (N.C.) device, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode may be connected to the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device in series for adjusting the predetermined voltage up to a voltage of at least one system solar panel or using a small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes;

the components within the predetermined voltage are connected in series to each other then connected in parallel to the system solar panel which is synchronizing the day and night cycles for the night time DC load; and

(b) an output circuit for night time DC load comprising at least one rechargeable battery source that can be the same components used in the battery output circuit for DC load and is connected in parallel to a diode, an output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.C. device in the control circuit for night time DC load, at least one type of the DC load directly or indirectly connected to a negative pole of the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device; and

(c) a charging battery circuit comprising at least one system solar panel that charges the rechargeable battery source through a diode during the day; and

said (a) a control circuit for night time DC load, said (b) an output circuit for night time DC load and said (c) a charging battery circuit can combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to create a combination system;

whereby said synchronizing the day and night cycles the night time DC load shows ability to combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 which makes the system more powerful and widens the usage to satisfy users need.

3. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said synchronizing the day and night cycles for night time DC load means that when at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to an input of a normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or a normally closed (N.C.) device and may connect to the diodes, or using a small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes, the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device prevents the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to access at least one type of the DC load in the early morning through the day, but connected the rechargeable battery source to the DC load at evening through the night, therefore an output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device opens up in the early morning through the day, the DC load cannot receive power, the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device is closed at evening through the night, the DC load can receive power to operate.

4. The solar powered DC load system comprising:

(a) a control circuit for day time DC load comprising a predetermined voltage that is determined by at least one diode connected in series to an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a N.O. device, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode may be connected to the input of the N.O. solid state relay in series for adjusting the predetermined voltage up to a voltage of at least one system solar panel;

or using a small solar panel instead of the system solar panel without the diodes;

the components within the predetermined voltage are connected in series to each other then connected in parallel to the system solar panel which is synchronizing the day and night cycles for day time DC load; and

(b) a combined an output circuit for day time DC load to a battery charging circuit comprising at least one rechargeable battery source that can be the same component used in the battery discharge control circuit and it connected in parallel to a diode and an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device that is the same N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device in the control circuit for day time DC load, at least one type of the DC load connected to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device, at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to the diodes and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device and the DC load;

during the day, the system solar panel charges the rechargeable battery source through an anti-reverse power diode while powering the DC load through the diodes and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device;

the DC load may receive a partial or full or non power from the system solar panel or rechargeable battery source which depends upon the system solar panel output power and rechargeable battery source capacity and sun light conditions; and

said (a) a control circuit for day time DC load, said (b) a combined an output circuit for day time DC load to a battery charging circuit can combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to create a combination system;

whereby said synchronizing the day and night cycles for day time DC load shows ability to combine with additional circuits and components including circuits from FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 which makes the system more powerful and widens the usage to satisfy users need.

5. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said synchronizing the day and night cycles for day time DC load means that when at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a normally open (N.O.) device and may connect to the diodes, or using a small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes, the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device prevents the rechargeable battery source to access at least one type of the DC load at evening through the night but is connected the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to the DC load in the early morning through the day, therefore an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device is closed in the early morning through the day time, the DC load can receive power from the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to operate;

the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device is opened at evening through the night time, the DC load cannot receive power to operate.

6. The solar powered DC load system can create a combination system by selected circuits including components from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the combination system including a water pumping system combined with an illumination system, the combination system comprising:

(a) a battery discharge control circuit comprising a preset voltage that is determined by components of at least one diode, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode, an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a N.O. device;

a nominal voltage that is nominated by at least one rechargeable battery source;

the components within the preset voltage are connected to each other in series then coupled to at least one rechargeable battery source in parallel;

the preset voltage is approximately equal to or greater than the nominal voltage of the rechargeable battery source, when an input voltage drops out of the low end control range of the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device and reaches the preset voltage level, an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device opens up and disconnects a DC load to access the rechargeable battery source, the preset voltage is the lowest level that the rechargeable battery source can discharge;

the rechargeable battery source includes a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack;

(b) a control circuit for night time DC load comprising a predetermined voltage that is determined by at least one diode connected in series to an input of a normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or a normally closed (N.C.) device, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode may be connected to the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device in series for adjusting the predetermined voltage up to a voltage of at least one system solar panel or using a small solar panel instead of the system solar panel without the diode;

the components within the predetermined voltage are connected in series to each other then connected in parallel to the system solar panel which is synchronizing the day and night cycles for night time DC load; and

(c) a combined a battery output circuit for DC load to a charging battery circuit comprising at least one rechargeable battery source that is the same storage source in the battery discharge control circuit and it connected in parallel to a diode and an output of the Normally Open (N.O.) solid state relay or the normally open (N.O.) device that is the same solid state relay or the device in the battery discharge control circuit, the DC load water pump connected in series to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device through a double pole double throw switch or without a double pole double throw switch;

during the day, at least one system solar panel charges at least one rechargeable battery source through a diode which is for anti-reverse power while powering the water pump through the diodes and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device;

the water pump may receive a partial or full or non power from the system solar panel or the rechargeable battery source which depends upon the system solar panel output power and the rechargeable battery source capacity and sun light conditions; and

(d) a combined a battery output circuit for DC load to an output circuit for night time DC load comprising at least one rechargeable battery source connected in parallel to the diode and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.O device in the battery discharge control circuit, an output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.C. device in the control circuit for night time DC load and is connected in series to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device through a diode, the DC load at least one LED connected directly or indirectly to a negative pole of the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device; and

(e) a double pole double throw switch may employ to this combination system;

whereby the combination system selected FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and shows ability to combine a water pumping system with an illumination system which is more powerful and widens the usage to satisfy users need.

7. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim in claim 6, wherein said double pole double throw switch may have three modes:

disconnect the DC load water pump to access the rechargeable battery source and the system solar panel through the diodes and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device while simultaneously connecting the group 2 LED which includes at least one LED to the rechargeable battery source through the diode, the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device, the diode, and the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device, or non-connected to either the water pump nor the group 2 LED;

using DC load group 2 LED for balancing the power usage when the rechargeable battery source is not powering the DC load water pump.

8. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said synchronizing the day and night cycles for night time DC load means that when at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to the input of a normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or the normally closed (N.C.) device and may connect to the diodes, or using the small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes, the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device prevents the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to access at least one LED for FIG. 4, and a group 1 LED and a group 2 LED for FIG. 4a in the early morning through the day, but connected the rechargeable battery source to at least one LED for FIG. 4, and the group 1 LED and the group 2 LED for FIG. 4a at evening through the night, therefore an output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device is opened in the early morning through the day, the at least one LED for FIG. 4, the group 1 LED and the group 2 LED for FIG. 4a cannot receive power, the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device is closed at evening through the night, the at least one LED for FIG. 4, the group 1 LED and the group 2 LED for FIG. 4a can receive power for illumination;

9. The solar powered DC load system can create a combination system which selected FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to create a water pumping system that works during the day and shuts off at night automatically, the combination system comprising:

(a) a battery discharge control circuit comprising a preset voltage that is determined by at least one diode, a zener diode or a replacement of the zener diode, an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a normally open (N.O.) device;

a nominal voltage that is nominated by at least one rechargeable battery source;

the components within the preset voltage are connected to each other in series then coupled to at least one rechargeable battery source in parallel;

the preset voltage is approximately equal to or greater than the nominal voltage of the rechargeable battery source, when an input voltage drops out of the low end control range of the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device and reaches the preset voltage level, an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device opens up and disconnects a DC load to access the rechargeable battery source, the preset voltage is the lowest level that the rechargeable battery source can discharge;

the rechargeable battery source includes a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack;

(b) a control circuit for day time DC load comprising a predetermined voltage that is determined by at least one diode connected in series to an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a normally open (N.O.) device, a zener diode may be connected to the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device in series for adjusting the predetermined voltage up to a voltage of at least one system solar panel;

or using a small solar panel instead of the system solar panel without the diodes;

the components within the predetermined voltage are connected in series to each other then connected in parallel to the system solar panel which is synchronizing the day and night cycles for day time DC load; and

(c) a combined a battery output circuit for DC load to an output circuit for day time DC load and a charging battery circuit comprising at least one rechargeable battery source that is the same storage source in the battery discharge control circuit and is connected in parallel to a diode and an output of the Normally Open (N.O.) solid state relay or the N.O. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.O. device in the battery discharge control circuit, an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device that is the same solid state relay or the N.O. device in the control circuit for day time DC load and is connected in series to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device through a diode, a DC load of water pump connected in series to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device which is the same solid state relay or the device used in the control circuit for day time DC load;

during the day if sun light is intense enough, at least one system solar panel charges at least one rechargeable battery source through a switch and a diode for FIG. 5a or through the diode for FIG. 5 while powering the water pump through a diode, the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device, the diode and the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device;

the water pump may receive a partial or full or non power from the system solar panel or the rechargeable battery source which depends upon the system solar panel output power and the rechargeable battery source capacity and sun light conditions; and

(d) a single pole single throw switch may be employed to disconnect the system solar panel to access all the circuits including all the components;

whereby the combination system selected FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to create a water pumping system that works during the day and shut off at night automatically, which is an another example for widening the usage and satisfying different users need.

10. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said synchronizing the day and night cycles for day time DC load means that when at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to the input of the normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or the normally open (N.O.) device and may connect to the diodes, or using the small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes, the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device prevents the rechargeable battery source to access the water pump at evening through the night but is connected the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to the water pump in the early morning through the day, therefore the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device is closed in the early morning through the day time, the water pump can receive power from the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to operate;

the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device is opened at evening through the night time, the water pump cannot receive power to operate.

16. The solar powered DC load system according to claim 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 8, or 9, or 10, or 11, or 12, wherein said a small solar panel is a small output power solar panel that is only used for controlling the input of the normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or the normally closed (N.C.) device and the input of the normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or the normally open (N.O.) device and it has approximately the same effect compared to use the system solar panel for synchronizing the day and night cycles.

11. The solar powered DC load system can create a combination system which selected FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to create an illuminating system;

it turned off in the morning and turned on at evening automatically, the combination system comprising;

(a) a battery discharge control circuit comprising a preset voltage that is determined by components of at least one diode, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode, an input of a normally open (N.O.) solid state relay or a normally open (N.O.) device, a nominal voltage that is nominated by at least one rechargeable battery source;

the components within the preset voltage are connected to each other in series then coupled to at least one rechargeable battery source in parallel;

the preset voltage is approximately equal to or greater than the nominal voltage of the rechargeable battery source, when an input voltage drops out of the low end control range of the input of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device and reaches the preset voltage level, an output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device opens up and disconnects a DC load of at least one LED to access the rechargeable battery source, the preset voltage is the lowest level that the rechargeable battery source can discharge;

the rechargeable battery source includes a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack;

(b) a control circuit for night time DC load comprising a predetermined voltage that is determined by at least one diode connected in series to an input of a normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or a normally closed (N.C.) device, a zener diode or an replacement of the zener diode may be connected to the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device in series for adjusting the predetermined voltage up to a voltage of at least one system solar panel or using a small solar panel instead of the system solar panel without the diode;

the components within the predetermined voltage are connected in series to each other then connected in parallel to the system solar panel which is synchronizing the day and night cycles for the night time DC load; and

(c) a combined a battery output circuit to an output circuit for night time DC load comprising at least one rechargeable battery source which is the same source in the battery discharge control circuit and it connected in parallel to a diode and an output of the N.O. solid state relay or a N.O. device that is the same solid state relay or the device in the battery discharge control circuit, an output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device that is the same solid state relay or the device in the control circuit for night time DC load and is connected in series to a negative pole of the output of the N.O. solid state relay or the N.O. device through a diode, the DC load including at least one LED connected directly or indirectly to a negative pole of the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device; and

(d) a charging battery circuit comprising at least one system solar panel that charges at least one rechargeable battery source through a diode which is for anti-reverse power;

whereby the combination system selected circuits and components from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to create an illumination system which is another example of widening the usage to satisfy different user needs.

12. The solar powered DC load system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said synchronizing the day and night cycles for night time DC load means that when at least one system solar panel connected in parallel to the input of the normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay or the normally closed (N.C.) device and may connect to the diodes, or using the small solar panel to replace the system solar panel without the diodes, the input of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device prevents the system solar panel and the rechargeable battery source to access at least one LED of the DC load in the early morning through the day, but connected the rechargeable battery source to the DC load at evening through the night, therefore the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device is opened in the early morning through the day, the DC load cannot receive power, the output of the N.C. solid state relay or the N.C. device is closed at evening through the night, the at least one LED can receive power for illuminating.

15. The solar powered DC load system according to claim 2, or 3, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 11, or 12, wherein said normally closed (N.C.) device that is a device can replace the normally closed (N.C.) solid state relay, the N.C. device further comprising a normally closed I/O module, or a normally closed relay, or the device that performs similar functions as the normally closed solid state relay;

the N.C. device having the input positive and negative poles or control terminals and the output positive and negative poles or output first and second terminals, the input current and voltage control output current and voltage.

17. Solar powered DC load system can be used for residential and commercial applications include but not limited to:

a golf course, a resort, a public park, a forestry preserve, a residential garden and backyard, or camping area, and so forth.