Electrochemical Biosensor

• US 20090242429A1
• Filed: 01/07/2009
• Published: 10/01/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 01/07/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Briana Ramirez, Dmitri Ivnitski, Gabriel Lopez, Plamen Atanassov, Ravil Sitdikov
• Original Assignee: Briana Ramirez, Dmitri Ivnitski, Gabriel Lopez, Plamen Atanassov, Ravil Sitdikov
• Inventors: Ramirez, Briana, Ivnitski, Dmitri, Sitdikov, Ravil, Lopez, Gabriel, Atanassov, Plamen
• Application Number:
  US12/349,857
• Publication Number:
  US 20090242429A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 205/792
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 5/00 Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2333/11 Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/557 using kinetic measurement, i.e. time rate of progress of an antigen-antibody interaction

Abstract

A simple, fast, selective and highly sensitive electrochemical method assay and disposable device for detection of viruses, bacteria, proteins, DNA, and/or organic/inorganic compounds. The sensor has a multi-layered construction, with each successive layer performing a different function. The design further allows for the packing of numerous microscopic electrode transducers onto the small footprint of a biochip device, allowing for a high-density array of sensors.

Claims

3-1. The sensor of claim 1 wherein the capture agent enables physical contact between the target analyte and the working electrode.

11. A three-dimensional, multi-channel flow-through sensor with electrochemical detection capabilities, comprising:

a body;

a plurality of fluid channels within the body, each fluid channel having;

an electrode assembly comprising a substrate and a working electrode;

a fluid inlet configured to introduce a fluid sample into the body in a direction that is substantially normal to the electrode assembly substrate;

a capture agent configured to present a target analyte in the fluid sample to the working electrode such that an electrical signal generated by the working electrode is altered; and

a detector configured to detect the electrical signal generated by the working electrode.

12. The sensor of claim 11 wherein the capture agent enables physical contact between the target analyte and the working electrode.

13. The sensor of claim 11 wherein the capture agent produces a chemical reaction when exposed to the target analyte and the product of the chemical reaction alters the electrical signal generated by the working electrode.

14. The sensor of claim 11 wherein the working electrode comprises a coating of electro-conductive nanoparticles.

15. The sensor of claim 14 wherein the conductive nanoparticles are carbon nanotubules.

16. The sensor of claim 14 wherein the coating further comprises a plurality of analyte-specific binding agents.

17. A method for detecting the presence of a target analyte in a fluid sample, the method comprising:

introducing a fluid sample to a sensor comprising;

a body;

an electrode assembly housed within the body, the electrode assembly comprising a substrate including a working electrode and a counter electrode;

a fluid inlet configured to introduce a fluid sample into the body in a direction that is substantially normal to the electrode assembly substrate;

a fluid path in communication with the fluid inlet, the fluid path being configured to allow fluid to encounter both the working electrode and the counter electrode;

a capture agent configured to present a target analyte in the fluid sample to the working electrode such that an electrical signal generated by the working electrode is altered; and

a detector configured to detect the electrical signal generated by the working electrode; and

detecting the electrical signal generated by the working electrode to determine if the target analyte is present in the fluid sample.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising determining the concentration of target analyte present in the fluid sample.

19. The method of claim 17 where the fluid sample is unlabeled.

20. The method of claim 17 further comprising obtaining a fluid sample from a patient and providing the unaltered fluid sample directly to the detector.