Advanced Active Metamaterial Antenna Systems
First Claim
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1. An antenna system for frequency division duplex (FDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising:
- a first MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of first CRLH blocks, each first CRLH block comprising at least one first CRLH unit cell, the first MTM transmission line configured to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a first frequency and to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at a second frequency;
a second MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of second CRLH blocks, each second CRLH block comprising at least one second CRLH unit cell, the second MTM transmission line configured to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the second frequency and to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the first frequency; and
a plurality of transistors coupled to the first and second MTM transmission lines, each transistor having a first terminal coupled to the first MTM transmission line and a second terminal coupled to the second MTM transmission line.
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Abstract
Techniques, antenna systems and apparatus based on composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structures to couple CRLH MTM circuits to transistors to amplify signals in wireless RF receivers and transmitters.
41 Citations
44 Claims
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1. An antenna system for frequency division duplex (FDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising:
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a first MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of first CRLH blocks, each first CRLH block comprising at least one first CRLH unit cell, the first MTM transmission line configured to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a first frequency and to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at a second frequency; a second MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of second CRLH blocks, each second CRLH block comprising at least one second CRLH unit cell, the second MTM transmission line configured to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the second frequency and to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the first frequency; and a plurality of transistors coupled to the first and second MTM transmission lines, each transistor having a first terminal coupled to the first MTM transmission line and a second terminal coupled to the second MTM transmission line. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An antenna system for time division duplex (TDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising:
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a first MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of first tunable CRLH blocks, each first tunable CRLH block comprising at least one CRLH unit cell, the first tunable CRLH blocks configured to tune the first MTM transmission line to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a frequency during a first time period and to tune the first MTM transmission line to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at the frequency during a second time period; a second MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of second tunable CRLH blocks, each second tunable CRLH block comprising at least one CRLH unit cell, the second tunable CRLH blocks configured to tune the second MTM transmission line to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the frequency during the second time period and to tune the second MTM transmission line to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the frequency during the first time period; and a plurality of transistors coupled to the first and second MTM transmission lines, each transistor having a first terminal coupled to the first MTM transmission line and a second terminal coupled to the second MTM transmission line. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. An antenna system for time division duplex (TDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising:
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a first MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of first CRLH blocks, each first CRLH block comprising at least one first CRLH unit cell, the first MTM transmission line configured to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a frequency; a second MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of second CRLH blocks, each second CRLH block comprising at least one second CRLH unit cell, the second MTM transmission line configured to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at the frequency; a third MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of third CRLH blocks, each third CRLH block comprising at least one third CRLH unit cell, the third MTM transmission line configured to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the frequency; a fourth MTM transmission line comprising a plurality of fourth CRLH blocks, each fourth CRLH block comprising at least one fourth CRLH unit cell, the fourth MTM transmission line configured to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the frequency; a switch for activating the first and third MTM transmission lines during a transmit time period and the second and fourth MTM transmission lines during a receive time period; a first plurality of transistors coupled to the first and third MTM transmission lines; and a second plurality of transistors coupled to the second and fourth MTM transmission lines; wherein the first CRLH unit cell is configured to have a first dispersion curve that includes a point in a guided region at the frequency; the second CRLH unit cell is configured to have a second dispersion curve that includes a point in a radiated region at the frequency; the third CRLH unit cell is configured to have a third dispersion curve that includes a point in the radiated region at the frequency; and the fourth CRLH unit cell is configured to have a fourth dispersion curve that includes a point in a guided region at the frequency. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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22. A method for processing signals for frequency division duplex (FDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising steps of:
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configuring a first MTM transmission line to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a first frequency and to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at a second frequency; configuring a second MTM transmission line to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the second frequency and to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the first frequency; coupling a plurality of transistors to the first and second MTM transmission lines by coupling a first terminal of each transistor to the first MTM transmission line and a second terminal of each transistor to the second MTM transmission line; receiving a first signal at the first frequency at an input port; guiding the first signal through the first MTM transmission line which operates as the first transmission line at the first frequency; amplifying the first signal by using the plurality of transistors; transmitting the first signal through the second MTM transmission line which operates as the second leaky wave antenna at the first frequency; receiving a second signal at the second frequency through the first MTM transmission line which operates as the first leaky wave antenna at the second frequency; amplifying the second signal by using the plurality of transistors; guiding the second signal through the second MTM transmission line which operates as the second transmission line at the second frequency; and outputting the second signal from an output port. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A method for processing signals for time division duplex (TDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising steps of:
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configuring a first MTM transmission line to be tuned to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a frequency during a first time period and to be tuned to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at the frequency during a second time period; configuring a second MTM transmission line to be tuned to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the frequency during the second time period and to be tuned to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the frequency during the first time period; coupling a plurality of transistors to the first and second MTM transmission lines by coupling a first terminal of each transistor to the first MTM transmission line and a second terminal of each transistor to the second MTM transmission line; receiving a first signal at the frequency at an input port during the first time period; guiding the first signal through the first MTM transmission line which operates as the first transmission line at the frequency; amplifying the first signal by using the plurality of transistors; transmitting the first signal through the second MTM transmission line which operates as the second leaky wave antenna at the frequency; receiving a second signal at the frequency through the first MTM transmission line which operates as the first leaky wave antenna at the frequency during the second time period; amplifying the second signal by using the plurality of transistors; guiding the second signal through the second MTM transmission line which operates as the second transmission line at the frequency; and outputting the second signal from an output port. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40)
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36. A method for processing signals for time division duplex (TDD) based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising steps of:
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configuring a first MTM transmission line based on a plurality of first CRLH blocks, each first CRLH block comprising at least one first CRLH unit cell, to operate as a first transmission line that guides a signal at a frequency; configuring a second MTM transmission line based on a plurality of second CRLH blocks, each second CRLH block comprising at least one second CRLH unit cell, to operate as a first leaky wave antenna that receives a signal at the frequency; configuring a third MTM transmission line based on a plurality of third CRLH blocks, each third CRLH block comprising at least one third CRLH unit cell, to operate as a second leaky wave antenna that transmits a signal at the frequency; configuring a fourth MTM transmission line based on a plurality of fourth CRLH blocks, each fourth CRLH block comprising at least one fourth CRLH unit cell, to operate as a second transmission line that guides a signal at the frequency; using a switch to activate the first and third MTM transmission lines during a transmit time period and the second and fourth MTM transmission lines during a receive time period; coupling a first plurality of transistors to the first and third MTM transmission lines; and coupling a second plurality of transistors to the second and fourth MTM transmission lines; wherein the first CRLH unit cell is configured to have a first dispersion curve that includes a point in a guided region at the frequency; the second CRLH unit cell is configured to have a second dispersion curve that includes a point in a radiated region at the frequency; the third CRLH unit cell is configured to have a third dispersion curve that includes a point in the radiated region at the frequency; and the fourth CRLH unit cell is configured to have a fourth dispersion curve that includes a point in a guided region at the frequency. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38)
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41. An antenna system based on a composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) structure, comprising:
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a first MTM line comprising a plurality of first CRLH blocks, each first CRLH block comprising at least one first CRLH unit cell structured to guide signals within a selected signal frequency region so that the first MTM line operates as a transmission line to guide a signal at a signal frequency in the selected signal frequency region along the first MTM line; a second MTM line comprising a plurality of second CRLH blocks, each second CRLH block comprising at least one second CRLH unit cell structured to wirelessly transmit or receive signals within the selected signal frequency region so that the second MTM line operates as a leaky wave antenna that wirelessly transmits or receives the signal at the signal frequency; and a plurality of transistors coupled to the first and second MTM lines, each transistor having a first terminal coupled to the first MTM line and a second terminal coupled to the second MTM line to amplify the signal that is guided by the first MTM line. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44)
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Specification