ILLUSTRATING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL NATURE OF A DATA SET ON A TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY

• US 20090262109A1
• Filed: 04/15/2009
• Published: 10/22/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc), Regents of The University of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Chelgren, Brent, Mehta, Pooja, Phillips, Lane A., Receveur, Rogier, Markowitz, H. Toby, Falkner, Phillip, Warman, Eduardo N., Karamanoglu, Mustafa, Waldhauser, Steven L., Zhang, Shangqian Peter, Larik, Vincent, Michels, Koen, Giese, Chad, Eick, Olaf, Craig, Brian Houston, Scanlon, David A., Interrante, Victoria, Kryger, Michael, Campbell-Massa, Sean, Smith, Marie P., Fleming, Ioana, Hurtig, Noelle Christine, Nowak, Karl Evan, Steeves, James
• Granted Patent: US 8,106,905 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00022 Sensing or detecting at the treatment site
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00026 Conductivity or impedance, e.g. of tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00053 Mapping
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00084 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00243 cardiac
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/22051 with an inflatable part, e.g. balloon, for positioning, blocking, or immobilisation A61B2017/22048, A61B2017/3486 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/061 for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/063 for measuring volume
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/371 with simultaneous use of two cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/376 using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/378 using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/05 Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves impedance plethysmography A61B5/0295; measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/053 Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0538 : invasively, e.g. using a catheter
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/063 : using impedance measurements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/066 : Superposing sensor position on an image of the patient, e.g. obtained by ultrasound or x-ray imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/068 : using impedance sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/287 : Holders for multiple electrodes, e.g. electrode catheters for electrophysiological study [EPS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 : Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/003 : Navigation within 3D models or images

Abstract

A volume of a patient can be mapped with a system operable to identify a plurality of locations and save a plurality of locations of a mapping instrument. The mapping instrument can include one or more electrodes that can sense a voltage that can be correlated to a three dimensional location of the electrode at the time of the sensing or measurement. Therefore, a map of a volume can be determined based upon the sensing of the plurality of points without the use of other imaging devices. An implantable medical device can then be navigated relative to the mapping data.

Claims

1. A method of illustrating a three dimensional representation of a structure with a two-dimensional display screen, comprising:

storing a plurality of map data points defining a three-dimensional structure map;

displaying a first virtual camera perspective of the defined three-dimensional structure map with a display device;

selecting a region of rotation;

rotating the virtual camera around the region of rotation; and

displaying a second virtual camera perspective of the three-dimensional structure map with the display device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the region of rotation includes selecting a line defined through the three-dimensional structure map.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional structure map is a map of a surface of a structure in a human.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

collecting the plurality of map data points with a position element placed in the human;

wherein the plurality of map data points are each determined positions of the position element within the human.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

generating a surface as a three dimensional structure map including at least a sub-plurality of the stored plurality of mapped data points;

wherein displaying a first virtual camera perspective and displaying a second virtual camera perspective includes displaying a perspective of the generated surface.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

collecting a plurality of positions of a position element in three dimensions;

wherein storing a plurality of mapped data points includes storing each of the plurality of positions of the position elements in three dimensions.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein rotating the virtual camera around the region of rotation includes defining an arc around the selected region of rotation;

moving the virtual camera along the arc a selected distance at a first time step;

wherein displaying the second virtual camera perspective includes displaying a perspective of the three dimensional structure map from a position of the virtual camera at the first time step along the arc.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

removing the displayed first virtual camera perspective from the display device and displaying the second virtual camera perspective alone on the display device;

wherein a change from the displayed first virtual camera perspective and the displayed second virtual camera perspective mimics movement of a user around the three dimensional structure map.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the distance of the virtual camera moves along the arc is a selected distance;

wherein the virtual camera moves along the arc substantially automatically and the display on the display device substantially automatically changes from the displayed first virtual camera perspective to the second virtual camera perspective.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

a user selecting changing a perspective;

wherein the virtual camera rotating around the region of rotation includes the virtual camera moving to a plurality of positions along the arc and a plurality of time steps to generate a plurality of virtual camera perspectives;

wherein each of the plurality of virtual camera perspectives are sequentially and individually displayed on the display device.

11. A method of illustrating a three dimensional representation of a structure with a two-dimensional display screen, comprising:

moving a position element through a heart of a human to collect a plurality of map data points;

generating a map representing a three-dimensional surface of the heart with the plurality of map data points;

selecting a region of movement;

moving the virtual camera relative to the selected region of movement; and

displaying with the display device a plurality of virtual camera perspectives of the generated map based on moving the virtual camera.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the region of movement includes a point of rotation within the generated map;

wherein moving the virtual camera includes moving the camera in an arc around the point of rotation in a plane of rotation.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

selecting a dimension of the arc less than 360°

around the point of rotation;

dividing the arc into a plurality of divisions;

selecting a time step length for moving the virtual camera along the arc;

automatically moving the virtual camera to each of the divisions along the arc for the time step length.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

sequentially displaying the plurality of virtual camera perspectives on the display device.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

a user selecting the time step lengths;

inputting the time step lengths into a processing system;

wherein the processing system executes instructions based on the time step lengths to generate the plurality of virtual camera perspectives.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein moving a position element through a heart of the patient includes:

determining a plurality of positions of the position element within the heart of the patient; and

rendering a representation of the plurality of positions of the position element to a display device;

wherein the rendering of the plurality of positions of the position element is performed without any additional image data of the heart.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining a position of the position element includes:

positioning a set of axis electrodes on a surface of the patient;

injecting a current between the set of axis electrodes within the patient;

sensing a voltage with the position element based on the injected current;

determining a bioimpedance based on the sensed voltage and injected current; and

determining a position of the position element within the human based upon the determined impedance.

18. A method of illustrating a three dimensional representation of a structure with a two-dimensional display screen, comprising:

storing a plurality of map data points defining a three-dimensional structure;

rendering a map surface representing an outer extent of an internal wall of the three-dimensional structure;

selecting a region of rocking;

rocking a virtual camera around the region of rocking; and

displaying a perspective of the virtual camera of the rendered map surface on the display device.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein rocking the virtual camera includes:

selecting an arc length around the region of rocking;

dividing the selected arc into divisions;

moving the virtual camera to each of the divisions of the selected arc;

generating a virtual camera perspective at each of the divisions along the arc; and

displaying in sequence the plurality of perspectives of the rendered map surface based upon the position of the virtual camera at the divisions of the arc.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

selecting an time step length between each of the positions of the virtual camera at the divisions along the arc;

instructing a processor system to move the virtual camera to each of the divisions based upon the time step length at each of the divisions;

moving the virtual camera from the first end of the arc to the second end of the arc based upon the divisions and selected time step length and returning from the second end of the arc to the first end of the arc substantially automatically; and

displaying on the display device each of the plurality of the perspectives of the virtual camera of the rendered map surface substantially automatically and in a time sequence based on the selected time step length at each of the divisions of the arc.