LIGAND EXCHANGE THERMOCHROMIC, (LETC), SYSTEMS
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Accused Products
Abstract
Ligand exchange of thermochromic, LETC, systems exhibiting a reversible change in absorbance of electromagnetic radiation as the temperature of the system is reversibly changed are described. The described LETC systems include one or more than one transition metal ion, which experiences thermally induced changes in the nature of the complexation or coordination around the transition metal ion(s) and, thereby, the system changes its ability to absorb electromagnetic radiation as the temperature changes.
41 Citations
51 Claims
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1-18. -18. (canceled)
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19. A thermochromic system comprising:
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a) Co(II) b) a first ligand comprising a pseudohalide or a halide, wherein the halide is selected from the group consisting of Cl—
, Br—
, I— and
combinations thereof; andc) a second ligand comprising an oxygen containing ligand, a phosphorous-containing ligand or a sulfur-containing ligand, wherein the second ligand is capable of coordinating to a transition metal ion through oxygen, phosphorus or sulfur; wherein the system has a reversible, net increase in its ability to absorb light energy in the 400 nm to 1400 nm range due to an increase in concentration of a coordination compound between Co(II), the first ligand and the second ligand as the temperature of the system is increased.
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20. A thermochromic system comprising:
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a) a Hε
MLC of Co(II);b) a first ligand selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, polyols and combinations thereof; and c) a second ligand which coordinates to the Co(II) through an oxygen atom or an oxygen anion; wherein the system exhibits a reversible increase in concentration of the Hε
MLC due to a change in coordination as the temperature is increased. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. A thermochromic system comprising
a) Co(II); -
b) Iodide; and c) either a first ligand, a second ligand or both wherein the first ligand is selected from the group consisting of a diol, a triol, a polyol, and mixtures thereof and the second ligand comprises one or more phosphine compounds, wherein the system exhibits a reversible, net increase in its ability to absorb light energy in the 400 nm to 1400 nm range as the temperature of the system is increased. - View Dependent Claims (32)
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- 33. A thermochromic system comprising Co(II) ions and a phosphine compound wherein the system exhibits a reversible, net increase in the system'"'"'s ability to absorb energy in the 400 nm to 1400 nm of the electromagnetic radiation from the sun, as the temperature of the system is increased, due to a reversible increase in concentration of a coordination compound of the phosphine compound with Co(II) ions.
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35. A thermochromic system comprising:
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a) a polymer; b) Co(II) ions; c) a first ligand that forms a Hε
MLC with Co(II); andd) a second ligand that forms a Lε
MLC with Co(II), wherein the second ligand is represented by the following structure;wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, branched alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, amino, substituted amino, nitro and combinations thereof. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37)
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38. A thermochromic system comprising a polymer layer and:
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a) a transition metal ion; b) a first ligand capable of forming a Hε
MLC with the transition metal ion; andc) a second ligand represented by the following structure; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl and combinations thereof, provided that optionally any combination of two or more of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and/or R6 may be joined together to form one or more optionally substituted ring systems. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41)
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42. A thermochromic system which comprises a polymer layer which comprises:
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a) a transition metal ion; b) a first ligand capable of forming a Hε
MLC with the transition metal ion; andc) a second ligand with the following structure; wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl;
a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group and combinations thereof.- View Dependent Claims (43)
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44. A thermochromic system comprising a polymer layer and
a) a transition metal ion; -
b) a first ligand capable of forming a Hε
MLC with the transition metal ion; andc) a second ligand capable of forming a Lε
MLC wherein the second ligand is selected from the group consisting of Di(Trimethylolpropane);
L-Fucose;
meso-Erythritol;
N-propyl-N-pyridin-2-ylpyridin-2-amine;
Poly(vinylbutyral);
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone);
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol;
Tetrahydropyran-2-methanol;
Triethanolamine;
1,2,4-Butanetriol;
1,2-phenylenedimethanol;
1,2-Hexanediol;
1,2-Propanediol;
cis,cis-1,3,5-Cyclohexanetriol;
1,3,5-Pentanetriol;
2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxane-2,5-diol;
1,4-Butanediol;
1,4-Cyclohexanediol;
18-Crown-6;
1-ethyl-1H-benzimidazole;
2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-butanediol;
2-Phenyl-1,2-Propanediol;
3-(Diethylamino)-1,2-propanediol;
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)butane-1,4-diol;
3,3-Dimethyl-1,2-butanediol;
3-Hydroxypropionitrile;
3-Methyl-1,3,5-Pentanetriol;
3-Phenoxy-1,2-Propanediol;
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone;
3-Phenyl-1-propanol;
(5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)methanol;
Bis(methylsulfinyl)methane;
Butyl sulfoxide;
Diethylene glycol;
Diethylformamide;
Hexamethylphosphoramide;
3,3′
-oxydipropane-1,2-diol;
Dimethyl sulfoxide;
Ethanol;
Ethylene Glycol;
Glycerol;
Glycolic Acid;
3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol;
Lithium Salicylate;
Lithium Trifluoroacetate;
N,N-Dimethylformamide;
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylurea;
2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol;
Pentaethylene glycol;
Pentaerythritol ethoxylate;
tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide;
Tributylphosphine oxide;
Trimethylolpropane ethoxylate;
Trimethylolpropane propoxylate;
Triphenylphosphine oxide and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46)
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47. A thermochromic system which comprises a polymer layer which comprises:
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a) a transition metal ion; and b) a ligand capable of forming a Hε
MLC with the transition metal ion;wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate);
poly(1-glycerol methacrylate);
hydroxyalkylcelluloses;
urethanes;
poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline);
poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone);
poly(ethylene-co-vinylalcohol);
poly(vinyl methyl ether);
polyacrylamide;
poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide);
polyvinylpyridines, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51)
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Specification