Method of Storing and Delivering Ammonia and the Use of Electromagnetic Radiation for Desorption of Ammonia from a Chemical Complex
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method of storing and delivering ammonia and the use of electromagnetic radiation for desorption of ammonia from a chemical complex. Solid metal ammine complexes are applied for safe and high-density storage of ammonia to be released for use as reducing agent in selective catalytic reduction of NOx in exhaust gases. The compositional formula of the metal ammine complexes is M(NH3)nXz, where M2+ represents one or more metal ions capable of binding ammonia, X represents one or more anions, n is the coordination number (from 2 to 12), and z the valency of the metal ion (and thus the total number of compensating anion charges). Ammonia is released non-thermally by photon-activation using electromagnetic irradiation of the complex bond between ammonia coordinated to the metal ion
15 Citations
47 Claims
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25. A method of storing and delivering ammonia, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing a container; (b) placing an ammonia-containing material in said container; (c) providing means for irradiating said ammonia-containing material with electromagnetic radiation for photon-activated (non-thermal) release of ammonia to the gas phase. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A system for removing NOx from an oxygen-containing exhaust gas of a combustion engine or combustion process, said the system comprising:
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a container with a solid ammonia storage material, means for releasing ammonia from the solid to the gas phase by irradiating the material by electromagnetic radiation, means for introducing gaseous ammonia from the container into an exhaust gas, a catalyst for reducing NOx by reaction with the dosed ammonia, and means for controlling the amount of ammonia to give an optimal ration between NOx and ammonia in order to obtain high NOx conversion while minimizing ammonia slip from the gas down-steam from catalyst.
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45. A device for providing ammonia for a selective catalytic reduction of NOx in an oxygen-containing exhaust gas of a combustion engine or combustion process by using gaseous ammonia and a reduction catalyst, said the device comprising:
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a container for containing a solid ammonia storage material; means for irradiating said ammonia storage material with electromagnetic radiation for photon-activated (non-thermal) release of ammonia to the gas phase; means for introducing gaseous ammonia from the container into an exhaust line before a NOx reduction catalyst; and means for controlling the amount of ammonia introduced into the exhaust line, depending on the operating conditions of the engine. - View Dependent Claims (46, 47)
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Specification