SURGICAL ORIENTATION DEVICE AND METHOD

• US 20090318931A1
• Filed: 02/11/2009
• Published: 12/24/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/09/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Inventors: Russial, Joseph F., Stone, A. Curt
• Granted Patent: US 8,888,786 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/102
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/175 for preparing the femur for hip prosthesis insertion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1778 for the shoulder
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00115 with audible or visual output with imaging means A61B90/37, A61B34/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2048 using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1071 measuring angles, e.g. using goniometers A61B5/1123 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4504 Bones A61B5/4547 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/34 Acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 of acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30538 for adjusting angular orientation
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4632 using computer-controlled surgery, e.g. robotic surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4668 for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4687 Mechanical guides for implantation instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0006 for adjusting angular orientation

Abstract

A device for detecting and measuring a change in angular position with respect to a reference plane is useful in surgical procedures for orienting various instruments, prosthesis, and implants with respect to anatomical landmarks. One embodiment of the device uses three orthogonal rate sensors, along with integrators and averagers, to determine angular position changes using rate of change information. A display provides position changes from a reference position. Various alignment guides are useful with surgical instruments to obtain a reference plane.

Claims

1. In an instrument for aligning a medical prosthesis with an anatomical location in, a patient, the instrument of the type having a prosthetic support structure, the improvement comprising an electronic goniometer associated with the prosthetic support structure of the instrument wherein the electronic goniometer includes:

a digital display of at least one angle value at which the prosthetic support structure is located; and

means for zeroing the angle value of digital display.

2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein the digital display includes ROLL, PITCH and YAW dimensional angle values.

3. The improvement of claim 1 wherein the digital display presents the angle value to 0.1 degree.

4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein the digital display presents the angle value as a signed number indicative of the direction of angular displacement from the reference position.

5. A surgical instrument for assisting a surgeon in obtaining correct orientation of an acetabular prosthetic socket in a patient'"'"'s acetabulum, the instrument comprising:

a support shaft adapted for supporting the acetabular prosthetic socket;

a three-dimensional electronic orientation device securely coupled to the support shaft; and

an acetabular alignment guide having at least three arms, the arms having a length sufficient to each contact a rim of the acetabulum.

6. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the orientation device include a rate sensor that provides a rate signal indicative of a change in angular position of the instrument about an axis.

7. The instrument of claim 6 wherein the orientation device includes a first rate sensor, a second rate sensor, and a third rate sensor, each disposed about orthogonal axes.

8. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the orientation device includes a digital display to provide an indication of the change in angular position.