System for Noninvasive Determination of Analytes in Tissue
First Claim
1. ) An apparatus for initiating an action responsive to an individual entering or leaving or attempting to enter or leave a controlled environment, comprising:
- a) A spectroscopic system adapted to determine a spectroscopic signal from the response of at least a portion of the individual'"'"'s tissue to incident electromagnetic radiation, wherein the spectroscopic system comprises;
i) an illumination/modulation subsystem;
ii) a tissue sampling subsystem;
iii) a data acquisition subsystem;
iv) an analysis subsystem adapted to determine from the spectroscopic signal one or more analyte properties characteristic of the individual; and
v) a calibration subsystem;
b) An action initiation system adapted to initiate an action responsive to the one or more analyte properties.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An apparatus and method for noninvasive determination of analyte properties of human tissue by quantitative infrared spectroscopy to clinically relevant levels of precision and accuracy. The system includes subsystems optimized to contend with the complexities of the tissue spectrum, high signal-to-noise ratio and photometric accuracy requirements, tissue sampling errors, calibration maintenance problems, and calibration transfer problems. The subsystems can include an illumination/modulation subsystem, a tissue sampling subsystem, a data acquisition subsystem, a computing subsystem, and a calibration subsystem. The invention can provide analyte property determination and identity determination or verification from the same spectroscopic information, making unauthorized use or misleading results less likely than in systems that use separate analyte and identity determinations. The invention can be used to control and monitor individuals accessing controlled environments.
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. ) An apparatus for initiating an action responsive to an individual entering or leaving or attempting to enter or leave a controlled environment, comprising:
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a) A spectroscopic system adapted to determine a spectroscopic signal from the response of at least a portion of the individual'"'"'s tissue to incident electromagnetic radiation, wherein the spectroscopic system comprises; i) an illumination/modulation subsystem; ii) a tissue sampling subsystem; iii) a data acquisition subsystem; iv) an analysis subsystem adapted to determine from the spectroscopic signal one or more analyte properties characteristic of the individual; and v) a calibration subsystem; b) An action initiation system adapted to initiate an action responsive to the one or more analyte properties. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 33)
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24. ) An apparatus for monitoring compliance of an individual with requirements relating to the consumption of alcohol, comprising:
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a) A spectroscopic system adapted to determine a spectroscopic signal from the response of at least a portion of the individual'"'"'s tissue to incident electromagnetic radiation, wherein the spectroscopic system comprises; i) an illumination/modulation subsystem; ii) a tissue sampling subsystem; iii) a data acquisition subsystem; iv) an analysis subsystem adapted to determine from the spectroscopic signal the presence, concentration, or both, of alcohol or an alcohol byproduct in the individual'"'"'s tissue, and further adapted to determine an identity characteristic of the individual from the spectroscopic signal; and v) a calibration subsystem; b) An output system adapted to communicate a signal responsive to the determination of the analysis system. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34)
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Specification